Module test 1

1. Which of the following activity most heavily relies on the right hemisphere
of the brain?
Question 1 - Which of the following activity most heavily relies on the right
hemisphere of the brain?

Following the logic of a persuasive argument

Solving for x in a complex algebraic equation

Recognizing human forms in a Picasso painting

Writing a speech for a political campaign

ANS: Recognizing human forms in a Picasso painting

2. Which of the following is the best example of experience-expectant plasticity?
Question 2 - Which of the following is the best example of experience-expectant
plasticity?

Learning how to play the guitar

Applying principles of psychology to real-world

settings

Understanding abstract ideas in philosophy

Mastering one’s native language

ANS: Mastering one’s native language

Question 3 - The pruning in human brain that happens in early childhood may be
considered as:
 An adaptive process that allows children to deal more efficiently with their
environment

The unfortunate result of insufficiently stimulating home environments

Reflective of the fact that the forebrain is slowly taking over responsibility for
functions that have previously been regulated by the hindbrain and midbrain

Due to an imbalance of important nutrients, and especially to low levels of the

B vitamins in many children’s diets

ANS: An adaptive process that allows children to deal more efficiently with their
environment

Question 4 - Which of the following statement is NOT consistent with research

findings?

High levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to mental

retardation.

Genetic factors predispose some people to learning difficulties or mental

illness.

High levels of toxic substances (e.g., lead, pesticides) have their greatest
negative impact after puberty.

Opportunities to learn certain skills may lead to detectable differences in brain

structures or patterns of brain activation.

ANS: High levels of toxic substances (e.g., lead, pesticides) have their greatest
negative impact after puberty

Question 5 - How is the concept lion probably represented in human’s brain?

As a cluster of interconnected neurons located in one of the occipital

 lobes

As a network of neurons spread across multiple brain regions

As a single neuron located in the prefrontal cortex

As a cluster of interconnected neurons located in the left parietal lobe

ANS: As a network of neurons spread across multiple brain regions

Question 6 - A neuron’s threshold of excitation can be described as:

A neuron is receptive to stimulation from other neurons only at points where

there are gaps in its myelin sheath.

A neuron responds when it is stimulated by some of its neighboring neurons,

but not when it is stimulated by other neighbors.

A neuron will fire at a maximum rate of no more than once every three
seconds.

A neuron fires only when its electrical charge reaches a particular level.

ANS: A neuron fires only when its electrical charge reaches a particular level.

Question 7 - Which of the following person is in most danger in terms of missing a

critical period in his/her development?

Sarah is born with a cataract in her left eye that is surgically removed when she
is 8 years old.

Michelle doesn’t learn how to write until she is 12 years old.

 Joel has his first tennis lesson when he is 25.

Although Dave knows how to count, he gets no formal instruction in

mathematics until he is 15.

ANS: Sarah is born with a cataract in her left eye that is surgically removed when
she is 8 years old.
Question 8 - Which of the following statement is consistent with the current
beliefs of psychologists about the brain and learning?

The brains of rapid learners are about 20% larger than the brains of slower
learners.

Left-hemisphere-dominant individuals are, on average, more effective learners

than right-hemisphere-dominant individuals.

Learning involves changes in synapses and possibly also involves the growth of
new neurons and astrocytes.

Large doses of certain vitamins promote brain growth and lead to more rapid
learning.

Ans: Learning involves changes in synapses and possibly also involves the growth
of new neurons and astrocytes.

Question 9 - Which of following is responsible for the children’s neurons

transmitting messages more rapidly as they biologically grow older?

synaptogenesis

maturation of the limbic

system
 myelination

synaptic pruning

Ans: myelination

Question 10 - Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from research

development as described in chapter 2?

Children probably won’t acquire the basic skills essential to succeed in the adult
world (e.g., reading, writing, math) unless they begin developing those skills in
the early elementary grades at the latest.

To become truly skilled in such domains as art and music, children should begin
systematic instruction in these domains before the age of five.

Classroom experiences can significantly enhance people’s cognitive

development throughout the elementary, secondary, and post-secondary
school years.

The ability to think abstractly depends on the development of many synaptic

connections during the first five years of life.

ANS: Classroom experiences can significantly enhance people’s cognitive

development throughout the elementary, secondary, and post-secondary school
years.

Question 11 - Which of the following change explains the major difference

between the learning capacity of humans and other species?

Humans’ developments occurs as a function of the experiences they have.

Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed in terms of
 stimuli and responses.

Humans’ thinking getting less logical with each generation.

Humans instincts that develop during the childhood.

Ans: Humans’ developments occurs as a function of the experiences they have.

Question 12 - Which of the followings is not an example of learning?

An infant begins to make and understand facial expressions

A newer employee avoids being late to work after seeing a co-worker fired for
being late

Jenna has been running away from German shepherds ever since she was
bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.

George cries when he accidentally touches a hot stove.

Ans: George cries when he accidentally touches a hot stove.

Question 13 - Which of the followings best characterizes a principle of learning?

An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs

A description of the results of a particular research study

A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning

The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a particular

situation

Ans: A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning

Question 14 - Which of the followings best describes a theory of learning?

The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a particular

situation

An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs

A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning

A description of the results of a particular research study

Ans: An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs

Question 15 - Which of the followings is a theory of learning rather than a

principle?

People learn by making mental associations between new information and

their existing knowledge.

A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.

Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes on the lecture’s
content.

A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases more rapidly than a
response that is only occasionally rewarded.

Ans: People learn by making mental associations between new information and
their existing knowledge.

Question 16 - Which of the following perspectives regarding various theories of

learning is consistent with that of the textbook?

Different theories may be applicable in different situations.

 Cognitivist theories are probably more accurate.

There is currently no “right” theory, but one will eventually be

developed.

Behaviorist theories are probably more accurate.

Ans: There is currently no “right” theory, but one will eventually be developed

Question 17 - Which of the following statements is not correct?

Psychologists agree that the nature of learning can best be understood by

studying it objectively and systematically through research.

Psychology is relatively new social science with around a century time.

Psychologist collect qualitative data in form of measurements and numbers.

the best way of understanding the nature of learning is studying it objectively

and systematically through research.

Ans: Psychologist collect qualitative data in form of measurements and

numbers.

Question 18 - Which of the followings is not a major advantage of the learning

theories?

Theories help to condense large bodies of information.

Theories help practitioners design interventions that facilitate

 learning.

Theories provide an impetus for new research.

Theories enable objective, unbiased reporting of research findings

ANS: Theories enable objective, unbiased reporting of research findings.

Question 19 - Which of the following statements best describe the differences

between behaviorism and cognitive theories?

Behaviorism focuses on external behavioral changes; cognitivism focuses on

internal mental changes.

Behaviorism focuses on internal mental changes; cognitivism focuses on

external behavioral changes.

Behaviorism focuses on temporary changes; cognitivism focuses on relatively

permanent changes.

Behaviorism focuses on relatively permanent changes; cognitivism focuses on

temporary changes.

Ans:

Behaviorism focuses on external behavioral changes; cognitivism focuses on

internal mental changes.

Question 20 - Choose the most accurate statement regarding the learning theories
in educational psychology:

They will eventually be replaced by physiological explanations of how learning

occurs.

They have been proven to be true.

 Any theory can be used to explain virtually every instance of learning.

They are often modified as new data emerge.

Ans: They are often modified as new data emerge.