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Measuring Liquid Density Explained

Density is defined as mass per unit volume (ρ=m/V) and indicates how much matter is packed into a space. It determines whether an object will float or sink in a liquid based on its density relative to the liquid's density. Different methods are used to measure the density of liquids, regularly shaped solids, and irregularly shaped solids.

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9 views3 pages

Measuring Liquid Density Explained

Density is defined as mass per unit volume (ρ=m/V) and indicates how much matter is packed into a space. It determines whether an object will float or sink in a liquid based on its density relative to the liquid's density. Different methods are used to measure the density of liquids, regularly shaped solids, and irregularly shaped solids.

Uploaded by

haarika chilukuri
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Density

DEFINITION OF DENSITY
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
It tells us how much matter is packed into a given
space.
Objects with higher density have more mass in the
same volume compared to those with lower density.

FORMULA FOR DENSITY


ρ=m/v
​Where:
ρ = Density (kg/m³ or g/cm³)
m = Mass (kg or g)
V = Volume (m³ or cm³)

MEASURING DENSITY
1. Density of a Liquid
Measure the mass of an empty measuring cylinder.
Pour a known volume of liquid into the cylinder.
Measure the new mass and subtract the cylinder’s mass to get the liquid’s mass.
Use the formula ρ=m/V to calculate density.
2. Density of a Regularly Shaped Solid
Measure the mass using a balance.
Find the volume using a ruler (for a cube or cuboid:
V=length×width×heightV=length×width×height).
Apply ρ=m/V.
3. Density of an Irregularly Shaped Solid (Displacement Method)
Measure the mass of the object.
Fill a measuring cylinder with water and note its initial volume.
Submerge the object fully and record the new volume.
The difference in volume is the object’s volume.
Use ρ=m/V to find density.
Density
FLOATING AND SINKING
[Link] object floats in a liquid if its density is less than the liquid’s density.
An object sinks if its density is greater than the liquid’s density.
Example:
Wood (0.6 g/cm³) floats in water (1.0 g/cm³).
Iron (7.8 g/cm³) sinks in water.

FLOATING LIQUIDS
A liquid with lower density will float on top of a liquid with higher density.
Example:
Oil (0.92 g/cm³) floats on water (1.0 g/cm³).
Mercury (13.6 g/cm³) sinks below both oil and water.
Density
SUMMARY
Density = Mass / Volume (ρ=m/V).
It helps determine if an object will float or sink in a liquid.
Measured differently for solids, liquids, and irregular objects.
Liquids with lower density float on those with higher density.

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