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Importance of Earthing in Electrical Safety

The document explains the importance of proper insulation and earthing in machines to prevent electric shocks. It describes how perfect insulation prevents current flow, while faults can lead to dangerous situations, which earthing mitigates by providing a low-resistance path to the ground. Additionally, it outlines different types of earthing methods, including plate, pipe, and rod earthing, which are essential for safety in various electrical applications.

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utkarshsingh2435
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8 views1 page

Importance of Earthing in Electrical Safety

The document explains the importance of proper insulation and earthing in machines to prevent electric shocks. It describes how perfect insulation prevents current flow, while faults can lead to dangerous situations, which earthing mitigates by providing a low-resistance path to the ground. Additionally, it outlines different types of earthing methods, including plate, pipe, and rod earthing, which are essential for safety in various electrical applications.

Uploaded by

utkarshsingh2435
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

insulation of the machine is perfect, person will not get a shock.

The insulation resistance of perfect insulation is infinite.


But if there is some fault and insulation becomes weak or if one of the
winding is touching to the cover of the machine then insulation
resistance becomes zero.
If person touches to such a machine, current flows hrough the body
of the perSon towards the earth. As body resistance is small, current
through the body is high so that the person receives a shock.
To avoid such a situation, the body of the machine is connected to
earth with a very low resistance.
If the machine is earthed and the person touches to a faulty machine
then body resistance and earthing resistance appears to be in
parallel.

As earthing resistance is very small than the resistance of the


body, hence almost entire leakage current flows through earthing
connection.
Thus current through the body of the person is almost zero and
person does not receive any shock.
Similarly due to earthing, the tall buildings, structures and other
chines are protected from in overhead lines and
the atmospheric lightening as hignae
high and lightening gets
discharged to earth through earthing connection.
Due to earthing the line voltage is maintained at constant value.
Hence earthing is necessary for all domestic appliances, machines,
buildings and structures, equipments power stations etc.

TYPES OF EARTHING
Plate earthing: A copper plate or galvanized plate is
buried in an earth pit below ground level. The plate
electrode connects the electrical conductors to the earth.
Pipe earthing: A galvanized steel perforated pipe inside
the ground connects the electrical conductors to the earth.
Rod earthing: Similar the Pipe earthing. A copper rod
replaces the pipe electrode.

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