DISASTER MANAGEMENT
I. Fill in the blanks.
1. Hazards
2. Structural
3. Non – structural
4. Floods
5. Drought
II. Match the following .
1. (b) developing emergency action plans to be followed when disaster
strikes
2. (d) rebuilding destroyed property
3. (a) preventing hazards from developing into disasters
4. (c) localizing necessary emergency services and first responders.
III. State whether true or false.
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
IV. Answer in one or two sentences
1. List the four stages of disaster management?
The stages are preparation, response, recovery and mitigation.
2. What is rainwater harvesting ?
The process of collecting and stocking rainwater for later use during periods
of water shortage is called rainwater harvesting.
3. What should you do if you are outdoor during an earthquake?
If we are outdoors during an earthquake, we should stay away from
buildings, trees, telephone and electrical lines, overpasses or elevated
expressways.
4. Name some social organization.
Some social organizations are international Association of Emergency
Mangers (IAEM), National Red cross society, National Red Crescent
Society, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs).
5. List two ways to conserve water.
Some ways to conserve water are fixing leakages, using flow toilets, turning
off taps when not in use, recycling used water etc.
V. Answer in a paragraph or two.
1. Explain the safety measures that should be followed to prevent fire?
Some safety measures to prevent and deal with fires are as follows:
1) Being aware of safety rules winters.
2) Memorizing the fire evacuation plan of your residence and school
buildings.
3) Not using several devices in one socket.
4) Not allowing anyone to smoke inside the house.
5) Learning to operate fire extinguishers.
6) Checking for faulty wiring, defective electrical equipment, gas leakages,
etc at regular intervals.
7) Keeping inflammable products away from children.
2. Explain the role of people in disaster management.
Whenever a disaster strikes, we should be aware of our responsibilities
during such events. Whenever a disaster strikes, we should be aware of our
responsibilities during such events.
a. We should follow instructions and be aware of the information that the
government provides through awareness campaigns.
b. We should pay attention to emergency warnings.
c. School authorities and parents should prepare children to survive in
catastrophes by practicing mock drills against disasters.
d. We can initiate, cooperate and volunteer to help victims during disasters.
Such volunteers can guide other people to safety and provide first – aid and
food to those in need.
e. We can inform disaster management agencies and other social
organizations about the situation in our areas. We can also communicate
with these agencies to learn about escape plans.
3. What is the role of the government in disaster management?
A well- integrated emergency management plan can only be successful
when it involves all levels of government and non- government institutions.
It includes long-term work on public awareness, infrastructure and even
judicial issues, especially in developing nations. Such plans are created in
mind the economic and social conditions of the place.
4. What safety measures should be taken during cyclone?
Some safety measures to be taken during a cyclone include:
a. Switching off electrical mains.
b. Not panicking.
c. Listening to the radio and being alert for warnings. Passing on official
information to others.
d. Boarding up glass windows or putting storm shutters in place.
e. Setting up suitable support for outside doors.
f. Getting away from low-lying coastal floors.
g. Keeping ready-to-eat food and enough supply of water handy.
h. Moving valuable articles to upper floors.
i. Heading for evacuation points indicated for our area.
5. What precautions will you take during a drought?
It is important to take certain measures to reduce the impact of a drought.
a. Conserving water
i) Fixing leaking taps, buckets and tanks.
ii) Using low-flow toilets and showerheads.
iii) Turning off water taps when not in use during bathing, brushing, etc.
iv) Recycling and reusing water. Using water from the kitchen to water
plants.
b. Gathering water
i) Stocking up extra bottles of drinking water. There should be enough
stock to last the household for at least a week.
ii) Collecting rainwater and stocking for use during periods of water
shortage. This water can be used for washing, cleaning, flushing, watering
plants etc.