basic prob [53 marks]
1. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ0.2
Let A and B be events such that P (A) = 0.5, P (B) = 0.4 and
P (A ∪ B) = 0.6.
Find P (A |B). [5]
2. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ2.5
A species of bird can nest in two seasons: Spring and Summer.
The probability of nesting in Spring is k.
The probability of nesting in Summer is .
k
This is shown in the following tree diagram.
(a) Complete the tree diagram to show the probabilities of not
nesting in each season. Write your answers in terms of k. [2]
It is known that the probability of not nesting in Spring and not nesting in
Summer is 5
9
.
(b.i) Show that 9k2 − 27k + 8 = 0. [3]
([Link]) Both k =
1
and k =
8
satisfy 9k2 − 27k + 8 = 0.
3 3
1
State why k =
3
is the only valid solution. [1]
3. [Maximum mark: 4] [Link].TZ1.3
Events A and B are such that P(A) = 0. 7, P(B) = 0. 75 and
P(A ∩ B) = 0. 55.
(a) Find P(A ∪ B). [2]
(b) Hence, otherwise find P(A′∩B′). [2]
4. [Maximum mark: 4] [Link].TZ2.3
Events A and B are such that P(A) = 0. 65, P(B) = 0. 75 and
P(A ∩ B) = 0. 6.
(a) Find P(A ∪ B). [2]
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find P(A′∩B′). [2]
5. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ2.4
Events A and B are such that P(A) = 0. 4, P(A|B) = 0. 25
and P(A ∪ B) = 0. 55.
Find P(B).
[5]
6. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ0.6
Events A and B are such that P(A) = 0. 3 and P(B) = 0. 8.
(a) Determine the value of P(A ∩ B) in the case where the
events A and B are independent. [1]
(b) Determine the minimum possible value of P(A ∩ B). [3]
(c) Determine the maximum possible value of P(A ∩ B),
justifying your answer. [2]
7. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ0.4
Box 1 contains 5 red balls and 2 white balls.
Box 2 contains 4 red balls and 3 white balls.
(a) A box is chosen at random and a ball is drawn. Find the
probability that the ball is red. [3]
(b) Let A be the event that “box 1 is chosen” and let R be the event
that “a red ball is drawn”.
Determine whether events A and R are independent. [2]
8. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ0.S_1
In a class of 30 students, 19 play tennis, 3 play both tennis and volleyball, and 6
do not play either sport.
The following Venn diagram shows the events “plays tennis” and “plays
volleyball”. The values t and v represent numbers of students.
(a.i) Find the value of t. [2]
([Link]) Find the value of v. [2]
(b) Find the probability that a randomly selected student from the
class plays tennis or volleyball, but not both. [2]
9. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ0.S_2
In a class of 30 students, 18 are fluent in Spanish, 10 are fluent in French, and 5
are not fluent in either of these languages. The following Venn diagram shows
the events “fluent in Spanish” and “fluent in French”.
The values m, n, p and q represent numbers of students.
(a) Write down the value of q. [1]
(b) Find the value of n. [2]
(c) Write down the value of m and of p. [3]
10. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ1.S_1
The following Venn diagram shows the events A and B, where P (A) = 0.3.
The values shown are probabilities.
(a) Find the value of p. [2]
(b) Find the value of q. [2]
(c) Find P (A′ ∪ B). [2]
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