DR AHMED RAGAB
TOOTH DEVELOPMENT
Complete:
1- Tooth development starts at the age of ................. 5- 6 weeks intra uterine
2- the morphological stages of tooth development are........,...........,..........,........
..,.........Dental lamina, bud stage , early bell stage, late bell stage
3- the histophysiological stages of tooth development include.........,.........,...........,........,..........
Initiation, proliferation, morphodifferntiation, histodifferntation, deposition.
4- the stomodeum at 5-6 wiu is lined by 2 layers ,they are called ..... , ......Ectoderm ,
etomesenchymal
5- the ectomemsenchyme condensed beneath the dental oragan is called.............while the
ectomesenchyme encircling the dental organ is called...... Dental papillae, dental sac
6- the tooth germ consist of............, ...............&............Dental organ, Dental papillae, dental sac
7- the enamel organ (dental organ) is responsible for formation of ..................while the dental
papilla is responsible for formation of.............. Enamel , dentin & pulp
8- the dental organ is...................in origin, while the dental papilla and dental sac
are..................................in origin. Ectodermal , etomesenchymal
9- the dental follicle (dental sac) is responsible for formation of.......................
Cementum , periodontal ligament, alveolar bone
10- the shape of the dental organ changes from a bud to a cap as a result of.......
Differential growth
11- the cells present in the dental organ in the cap stage are.................,...................,..................
Inner enamel epithelium, outer enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum
12- in the cap stage , the IEE is .........................in shape, the OEE is ...............................in shape ,
while the stellate reticulum is ....................in shape. Short columnar, cuboidal, star
13- the enamel knot and the enamel cord appear in....................stage. Cap
14- right or wrong: enamel knot and enamel cord are permanent structures.(false )
15- the enamel knot and the enamel cord have 3 possibilites ; they are...................
a) It may disappear before enamel formation.
b) Enamel knot may cause formation of Stratum intermedium.
c) The 2 structures show union of 2 Enamel organs.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
16- in the cap stage ,,there is...................separating the dental papilla from the enamel organ.
Cell free zone
17- the stellate reticulum cells are.....................in shape, and inbetween them they are rich
with...................... Star, mucoid fluid
18- in the cap stage , the nutrition to the dental organ occurs
through...................&....................... Dental papillae, dental sac
19- alveolar bone proper is derived from.....................while the enamel is derived
from................. dental sac, Dental papilla
20- The shape of the dental organ changes from cap to bell due to...............Differential growth
21- Induction process occurs in ...............stage , while recoprical induction occur in
...............stage. early bell stage, late bell stage
22- The cells which elongate and make influence on the UMC of the dental papilla to be
differentiated into odontoblasts are called............... Inner enamel epithelium
23- The process by which the IEE of the dental organ influence the underlying UMC of the dental
papilla to be differentiated into odontoblast is called................ induction
24- The shape of the OEE in the early bell stage is........................ Low cuobidal
25- In the early bell stage , the lateral D.L is ..................in shape , while the main D.L grow
deeper to give............. Elongated, permanent tooth germ
26- The appearance of stratum intermedium starts in.....................stage. early bell stage
27- Stratum intermedium is rich in enzyme called.................which is important in................
Alkaline phosphate, mineralization
28- The end result of induction process is the appearance of................... odontoblast
29- The area where the IEE meet the OEE in the dental organ is called...................Cervical loop.
30- Late bell stage starts by deposition of first layer of .......................... dentin
31- The lateral D.L disintegrate in the....................stage , and their remnants are
called............................... late bell stage, serres pearls
32- In the advanced bell stage , the dental organ will depend mainly on .......................for the
nutrition. Dental sac
33- The first layer of dentin appears in ..................stage, while disintegration of the lateral D.L
occurs in ..................stage. late bell stage, late bell stage
34- Reciprocal induction occur in..................stage late bell stage
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
35- The end result of reciprocal induction is appearance of .......................... Ameloblast
36- Dentin is formed ( before/after) enamel formation.
37- The stellate reticulum has the following functions.....................,.................&..............
a- buffer against physical forces b- store house for nutritive materials.
c- keeps room for the developing enamel.
38- The life span of the dental lamina is about....................years. 5
39- The stratum intermedium has the following functions......................,.................&..............
a- Control fluid diffusion into & out of ameloblasts.
b- provides [Link] with alkaline phosphatase enzyme needed for mineralization.
c- These cells + ameloblasts act as functional unit for enamel formation.
40- the functions of OEE is..........................
- Active transport of nutritive materials from dental sac to dental organ after hard dentin
formation.
41- The functions of IEE are..........................(7)
Determine future shape of the crown.
Transport nutritive materials from [Link] to [Link] before dental hard tissues
formation.
Differentiation into odontoblasts by induction.
lays down enamel matrix and helps in its mineralization.
shares with O.E.E .in the root formation.
secretes primary enamel cuticle, protect erupted tooth
shares in formation of reduced enamel epithelium.
42- Function of dental papilla is formation of....................&................... Dentin , pulp
43- Function of dental sac is formation of................,.....................&..................
Cementum , periodontal ligament, alveolar bone
44- initiation occurs in ……………stage , proliferation occurs in ………………….stage ,
histodiffrentiation occurs in ………………stage , morphodiffrentiation occurs in …………………..stage ,
apposition occurs in ……………………..stage.
-dental lamina and bud stage--- - dental lamina, bud, cap, early and late bell stages----
early and late bell stages---early and late bell stages---- late bell stage.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
45- Root formation begins when ........................... Enamel & dentin near future C.E.J
46- Epithelial root sheath of hertwig consist of 2 types of cells , they are..................&.............
Inner enamel epithelium, outer enamel epithelium
47- The remnants of epithelial root sheath of hertwig are called...........................while the
remnants of the lateral D.L is called............... Malassaz , serres pearls
48- Intermediate cementum? Caused by……………………… ………..
Degeneration of hertwig after odontoblastic differentiation and before dentin formation
49- Enamel pearl? Caused by……………… Persistence of hertwig (no degeneration) after dentin
formation
50- Degeneration of hertwig before odontoblastic differentiation will result in………………..
Accessory root canal
51- Degeneration of hertwig after odontoblastic differentiation and before dentin formation will
result in………………. Intermediate cementum
52- Persistence of hertwig (no degeneration) after dentin formation will result in…………………
Bare root or enamel pearl
53- Primary closure of the apical foramen occur by………..while secondary closure of the apical
foramen occur by………………….. Epithelial diaphragm, dentin & cementum
54- The function of the HERTWIG is………………..and……………………….
Molding shape of root, differentiated into odontoblast forming root dentin
55- The first stage of tooth development known as the ...................... dental lamina
56-The downgrowth of an epithelial thickening buccal to the dental lamina is known as……
vestibular lamina
57- The arrangement of the IEE in the early bell stage will determine ………..
the morphology of the crown
58- The changes that occur in the IEE in the early bells stage are ……………,………
Elongates become tall columnar , induction
59- Misplaced enamel formed on root surface is called……. And formed due to………. Enamel
Pearl, no degeneration of hertwig after dentin formation
60- The stellate reticulum layer is very well developed at the .................stage Cap stage
61- The ameloblasts are differentiated in the……..stage Late Bell Stage
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
62- The function of the………………is to map out the root and induce dentin formation in the root
area epithelial root sheath of Hertwig
63- Succesional lamina will give……………while the distal lamina will give……………
Bud of permanent successors – Bud of permanent molars
64- The number of teeth roots are indicated by…………………
number of tongue like projections projected from epithelial diaphragm
Give the scientific term??
1- The process by which the CFZ disappear due to elongation of IEE and diffrentiation of
odontoblast. induction
2- Cells that will be arranged in a pattern to determine the morphology of the amelodentinal
junction. IEE
3- Tissue formed of ectomesenchyme condensation and responsible for formation of dentin&
pulp. Dental Papilla
4- Layer of cells act as a buffer against any physical forces. Stellate Reticulum
5- Layers of cells that play a role in the active transport of nutrition from dental sac to dental
organ after hard tissue formation. O.E.E
6- The cells which share OEE in the cervical loop. I.E.E
7- A layer of cells seems to be essential for enamel formation but does not actually secrete the
enamel. Stratum intermedium
8- Part that carry the enamel organ of the deciduous teeth in the early bell stage. Lateral dental
lamina
9- 2-3 layer of flat cells between IEE and stellate reticulum and rich in alkaline phosphatase
enzyme. Stratum intermedium
10- Localized part of enamel formed on the root surface formed as a result of persistence of the
epithelial root sheath of Hertwig without degeneration. Enamel Pearl
11- A type of cementum formed as a result of degeneration of Hertwig after odontoblastic
differentiation and before dentin formation. Intermediate cementum
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
True Or False ??
1- the first layer of dentin appears in early bell stage. F
2- The lateral D.L disintegrate in the advanced bell stage. T
3- Stratum intermedium starts to appear in the late bell stage. F
4- Development of teeth starts at 5-6 M.I.U. F
5- The late bell stage started by formation of first layer of cementum. F
6- The ameloblast are derived from the cells of OEE. F
7- Dentin is deposited first at the cervical zone of the crown before the incisal edge or cusp tip. F
8- The permanent successors are developed from successional lamina. T
9- The enamel development starts before dentin development. F
10- In the late bell stage, the dental organ takes its nutrition from the dental papilla. F
11- The vestibular lamina located lingual to the dental lamina. F
12- The first stage of tooth development known as the bud stage. F
13-The ectomesenchymal cells condensation just beneath the enamel organ is called
dental sac. F
14- The connective tissue-beneath-and around the enamel organ and dental papilla
forming what is called dental sac (follicle). T
15- tooth germ has three components enamel organ, dental papilla and dental lamina. F
16-The dental organ is ectomesenchymal in origin, while both dental papilla and dental
sac are ectodermal in origin. F
17-The permanent molars develop from a posterior extension of the dental lamina. T
18-In the bell stage, the connection of dental organ to the dental lamina is elongated
forming a lateral dental lamina. T
19-The region where the inner and outer enamel epithelia meet at the rim of the enamel
organ is known as cervical loop. T
20- The cells of stratum intermedium contain much alkaline phosphatase enzyme which
essential for dentin maturation. F
21- remnants of epithelial root sheath of Hertwig are called epithelial rests of Serres. F
22- The dental sac gives rise to periodontal ligament only. F
23-The epithelial root sheath of Hertwig disintegrates after odontoblastic differentiation
& before dentin matrix deposition. F
24- stratum intermedium lies between outer enamel epithelium & stellate reticulum. F
25- The epithelial component of the tooth germ is known as enamel organ. T
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
GIVE SHORT NOTE ON:
Functions of:
Functions
1. Differentiation of odontoblasts.
Enamel Organ 2. Formation of future tooth shape.
3. Formation of enamel.
4. End as reduced enamel epithelium
O.E.E. Nutrition after hard dental tissue formation.
1. It affects U.M.C to be differentiated into odontoblasts by induction.
I.E.E. 2. Nutrition before dentin formation.
3. Determine FUTURE SHAPE OF CROWN
4. Forms enamel matrix.
5. Secretes primary enamel cuticle after enamel formation.
6. SHARE IN reduced enamel epithelium.
7. Shares O.E.E. in root formation.
Stellate Reticulum 1. Buffer against physical forces.
2. Store house for the nutritive materials.
3. Room for developing enamel.
Stratum Intermedium 1. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme.
2. Controls fluid diffusion to and from ameloblasts.
3. Forms with ameloblasts a unit structure for enamel formation
Dental Papilla Forms Dentin and Pulp.
Dental Sac Forms Cementum, Periodontal ligament, and Alveolar proper.
Account on Root formation in single rooted teeth
1) Cervical loop grows horizontally to form epith. Diaphragm
2) epith diaphragm is stable & it forms the primary apical foramen
3) A coronal growth to form epithelial root sheath of Hertwig
4) Epith root sheath of Hertwig is formed of 2 layers inner & outer dental epith.
5) inner dental epith induces UDMC in the dental papilla to form odontoblasts
6) Odontoblasts form dentin
7) After dentine formation the dental sac invade the sheath leading to its
degeneration into epithelial rests of Malassez .
8) The cells of dental sac ([Link].) will be in direct contact with the formed dentine
of the root & is differentiated into cementoblasts to form cementum.
9) The previous steps will be repeated till the all length of the root is formed, then
the apical foramen will be reduced by apposition of dentine & cementum at the
apex to form the normal apical foramen.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
Choose the correct answer
1- The bud of the permamanent mandibular 2nd premolar will appear
a- Anterior to manndibular 2nd deciduous molar
b- Lingual to mandibular 2nd deciduous molar
c- Posterior to mandibular 2nd deciduous moar
d- Buccal to mandibular 2nd deciduous molar
2- The IEE:
a- Is the only layer of the enamel organ that is close to blood vessels
b- Will form ameloblasts
c- Becomes the dental pulp
d- Will combine with the dental papilla to form cervical loop
3- Which of the following give rise to odontoblasts:
a- IEE
b- Ectomesenchyme of the dental papilla
c- Cells of the dental sac
d- OEE
4- The epithelial root sheath of Hertwig is the apical continuation of:
a- OEE only
b- IEE only
c- Stellate reticulum & stratum intermedium
d- IEE & OEE
5- The Reduced enamel epithelium is derived from:
a- Ameloblasts + stratum intermedium
b- Stratum intermedium , stellate reticulum & OEE
c- Stratum intermedium , stellate reticulum & IEE
d- Ameloblasts , stratum intermedium , stellate reticulum & OEE
6- The only epithelial ( ectodermal )component of the tooth germ is the:
a- Dental lamina
b- Dental papilla
c- Dental organ
d- Dental sac
7- Late bell stage refers to :
a- Histodiffrentiation & morphodiffrentiation
b- Initiation & proliferation
c- Mesencchymal condensation
d- Apposition of hard dental tissues
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
8- The ectomesenchyme that lies adjacent to IEE :
a- Differentiated to ameloblasts
b- Differentiate into odontoblast
c- Are under the influence of stellate reticulum
d- Become folded
9- The function of the IEE is:
a- Has influence on the dental papilla cells
b- Lays down dentin matrix
c- Protect the enamel after eruption
d- Rich in alkaline phosphatase enzyme
10- Which of the following contain blood vessels:
a- Enamel
b- Dental lamina
c- Dental sac
11- Which of the following is not component of the dental organ :
a- Ameloblasts
b- Odontoblasts
c- OEE
d- Stratum intermedium
12- If the epithelial root sheath of Hertwig does not disintegrate:
a- No cementum will be formed on root dentin
b- Enamel will be resorbed
c- Accessory root canal will result
d- Intermediate cementum will be formed
13- Which of the following functions of the IEE is WRONG:
a- It has an organizing influence of the UMC of the dental papilla to be differentiated into ameloblasts
b- Shares in transport of nutrition
c- It folds to take the future crown pattern
d- It lays down enamel matrix
14- Which of the following is WRONG concerning stratum intermedium:
a- 2-3 layers of flat cells
b- Between IEE & stellate reticulum
c- Connected to each other by desmosomes
d- Contain acid phospatase enzyme
15- Before enamel formation begins:
a- Enamel knot disappears and enamel cord remains
b- Enamel knot remains and enamel cord disappear
c- Both the enamel knot and the enamel cord disappear
d- Both the enamel knot and the enamel cord remains
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
16- The process of differentiation of the UMC into odontoblasts is called
a- Initiation
b- Induction
c- Apposition
d- Morphodiffrentiation
17- Enamel pearl occur in :
a- Apical 1/3 of molars
b- Furcation areas of molars
c- Cervical 1/3 of molars
d- Furcation areas of premolars
18- The epithelial rests in the PDL are derived from:
a- Dental pulp
b- Epithelial root sheath of Hertwig
c- Vestibular lamina
d- Dental sac
19- Odontoblast start their secretory activity :
a- Before enamel matrix production
b- After enamel matrix production
c- During enamel matrix production
d- During and after enamel matrix production
20- Serre's pearl are derived from:
a- Dental lamina
b- Dental pulp
c- Dental sac
d- Dental organ
21- The dental lamina that give rise to permanent molars is called:
a- Successional lamina
b- Disatl extension of the dental lamina
c- Lateral dental lamina
d- Vestibular lamina
22- All of the following are involved in the formation of a tooth except:
a- Epithelial root sheath of Hertwig
b- Successsional lamina
c- Dental lamina
d- Vestibular lamina
23- Which of the following start first in the sequence of tooth development:
a- Deposition of 1st layer of enamel
b- Deposition of first layer of dentin
c- Elongation of IEE
d- Differentiation of odontoblasts
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
24- The number of roots is determined by:
a- Number of root sheath developed
b- Number of medial ingrowth ( tongue like extension ) of the epithelial diaphragm
c- Thickness of the cervical loop
25- The stimulus that initiates the actual formation of the enamel matrix seems to
be:
a- Reduction of stellate reticulum
b- Increase vascularity of the dental sac
c- Disappearance of the cell free zone
d- Presence of dentin
26- The downgrowth of epithelial thickening buccal to the dental lamina is called:
a- Vestibular lamina
b- Lateral dental lamina
c- Main dental lamina
d- Successional lamina
27- The lateral dental lamina will give rise to:
a- Deciduous teeth
b- Permanent successors
c- Permanent molars
28- The epithelial root sheath of Hertwig disintegrate :
a- After odontoblastic differentiation & before dentin formation
b- After odontoblastic differentiation and after dentin deposition
c- Before odontoblasic differentiation
d- After cementum formation
29- The enamel cords :
a- Extension of the dental lamina
b- Extension of the dental papilla
c- Extension of the succesional lamina
d- Connect IEE to OEE
30- The dental organ :
a- Develops from cells of the dental sac
b- Is completely connective tissue structure
c- Completely epithelial tissue
d- Highly vascular
31- No basement membrane is found between the :
a- Stratum intermedium & IEE
b- OEE & dental sac
c- Hertwig & dental papilla
d- IEE & dental papilla
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
32- Which structure of the crown is formed first:
a- Enamel
b- Cementum
c- Pulp
d- Dentin
33- The mesoderm gives rise to which of the following :
a- Dental lamina
b- Dental papilla
c- Stratum intermedium
d- OEE
34- The dental lamina is induced to proliferate into buds by :
a- Basement membrane
b- Epithelial nerves
c- Ecto mesenchymal cells
d- Oral epithelium
35- Which of the following in WRONG concerning the epithelial diaphragm:
a- Its plane remains horizontal during root formation
b- After dentin formation its cells differentiate into cementoblasts
c- Composed of OEE and IEE
d- It remain relatively fixed in plane during root formation
36- Concerning the stellate reticulum , one of the following is WRONG:
a- It protects the underlying dental tissues against physical forces
b- Act as sore house for nutritive materials
c- Keeps a room for developed dentin
37- Functions of the dental lamina:
a- Connect tooth bud to oral epithelium
b- Formation of permanent teeth
c- Formation of deciduous teeth
d- All of the above
39- What structure is formed in the crown first?
a- Enamel.
b- Cementum.
c- Pulp.
d- Dentine.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
40- Which of the following induces the dental papilla cells to be differentiated into
odontoblasts?
a- Stratum intermedium.
b- Reduced enamel epithelium.
c- Inner enamel epithelium.
d- Outer enamel epithelium.
41- Which of the following is not derived from the dental organ:
a- Stellate reticulum.
b- Hertwig's epithelial root sheath.
c- Odontoblasts.
d- Ameloblasts.
42- The stratum intermedium:
a- Induces dentin formation.
b- Is separated from the stellate reticulum by a basal lamina.
c- Develops in cap stage.
d- Is important for enamel maturation.
43-Dental follicle cells
a- Differentiate into the ameloblast layer.
b- Differentiate into the odontoblast layer.
c- Are found within the dental organ.
d- Migrate to dentin surface of the root and differentiate into the cementoblast.
44- All of the following is the functions of The Stellate Reticulum except:
a- Keep Space for The enamel development.
b- Act as a reservoir for nutritive materials.
c- Act as a cushioned to protect ameloblasts.
d- Secretes alkaline phosphatase enzyme.
45- The epithelial root sheath of Hertwig disintegrates:
a- After odontoblastic differentiation & before dentin matrix formation.
b- After odontoblastic differentiation & dentin matrix deposition.
c- Before odontoblastic differentiation.
d- After cementum formation.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
46- The dental lamina initiating the permanent molars develops:
a- As successional lamina.
b- As a distal extension of the dental lamina.
c- As lateral dental lamina.
d- As vestibular lamina.
47- The ectomesenchymal cell condensation just beneath the enamel organ is called:
a- Dental sac.
b- Dental follicle.
c- pulp.
d- Dental papilla.
48- The region where the inner and outer enamel epithelium meets at the rim of the
enamel organ is known as:
a- Zone of Flection.
b- Cervical loop.
c- Epithelial Diaphragm.
d- Root Sheath of Hertwing's
49- Appositional stage is confined to:
a- Cap stage. b- Bud stage.
c-late Bell stage. d- Dental lamina.
50- The process of differentiation of mesenchymal cells into Odontoblasts is called:
a- Initiation. b- Induction.
c-Apposition. d- Morphodifferentiation.
51- The epithelial root sheath of Hertwing's is composed of:
a-Outer enamel epithelium & inner enamel epithelium.
b- Inner enamel epithelium & stratum intermedium.
c- Outer enamel epithelium & stellate reticulum.
d- Stellate reticulum & stratum intermedium.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
52- Concerning the stratum intermedium, one of the following statements is incorrect:
a- It is composed of 2-3 layers of squamous epithelial cells.
b- It is differentiated between the inner enamel epithelium and stellate reticulum.
c- It is connected to each other and to the cells of stratum intermedium by
desmosomes.
d- It is essential for enamel formation as it contains acid phosphatase enzyme.
53- If Hertwig's epithelial root sheath does not disintegrate:
a- No cementum will be formed on the radicular dentin.
b- It is likely that some of the enamel will be resorbed.
c- The apical end of the junctional epithelium will lie occlusal to the
cemento-enamel junction.
d- Predentine will form on the outer surface of the radicular dentin.
54-The reduced enamel epithelium is derived from:
a- Maturative ameloblasts and stratum intermedium.
b- Stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and outer dental epithelium.
c- Stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and inner epithelium.
d- Protective ameloblasts, stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and outer dental
epithelium.
55-Which of the following is not component of the enamel organ?
a- Ameloblasts.
b- Odontoblasts.
c- Outer enamel epithelium.
d- Stratum intermedium.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
56- Which of the following indicates the major components of a tooth germ?
a- The dental lamina, the stellate reticulum and the stratum intermedium.
b- The dental organ, the dental papilla and the dental sac.
c- The dental pulp, the dental sac and the dental lamina.
d- The cervical loop, Hertwig's sheath and the inner enamel epithelium.
57- Which group of structures is entirely derived from the dental sac?
a- Dentin, pulp, cementum.
b- Cementum, alveolar bone, pulp.
c- Cementum, enamel, pulp.
d- Periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone.
58- The cells of the stratum intermedium:
a- Have a stellate outline.
b- Are not yet differentiated in the bell stage.
c- Are in direct contact with the outer dental epithelium.
d- Are characterized by high alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity.
59- The epithelial component of the tooth germ is known as:
a- Dental lamina.
b- Dental papilla.
c- Enamel organ.
d- Dental follicle.
60- Which of the following is not part of the tooth germ?
a- Dental papilla. b- Dental follicle. c- Dental lamina. d- Enamel organ.
61- The dental sac plays an important role in the formation of all of the following except:
a- Periodontal ligament. b- Dentin of the root. c- Alveolar bone proper d- Cementum.
62- The origin of enamel is:
a- Endoderm. b- Mesoderm. c- Ectoderm. d- Ectomesenchyme.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
Important MCQ
1-The origin of enamel
A. Endoderm. B. Mesoderm. C. Ectoderm. D. Ectomesenchyme
2. Tooth development starts at the age of:
A. 3-4 W.I.U. B. 4-5 W.I.U. C. 5-6 W.I.U D. 6-7 W.I.U.
3- The tooth germ is consisted of:
A. Enamel or dental organ. B. Dental papilla. C. Dental sac. D. All of the above.
4- Inner dental epithelium:
A- Consists of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells.
B- Consists of a single layer of columnar epithelial cells.
C- Consists of a single layer of polyhedral epithelial cells.
D- Consists of a single layer of polygonal epithelial cells.
5- The dental sac is:
A- The condensation of the ectomesenchymal cells surrounding the dental organ.
B-The condensation of the ectomesenchymal cells surrounding the dental papilla.
C-The condensation of the ectomesenchymal cells surrounding the dental organ and dental papilla.
D- None of the above.
6- The main difference between early bell and late bell stage is:
A- The formation of first layer of enamel.
B- The formation of first layer of dentine.
C- The formation of first layer of cementum.
D- The formation of first layer of alveolar bone.
7- Concerning stellate reticulum one of the following statements is incorrect:
A-It protects the underlying dental tissues against physical forces.
B-It maintains the tooth shape
C-It acts as a store house for the nutritive materials.
D-It keeps room for the developing dentin.
8-The reduced enamel epithelium is derived from:
A- Maturative ameloblasts and stratum intermedium.
B- Stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and outer dental epithelium.
C- Stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and inner epithelium.
D- Protective ameloblasts, stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and outer dental epithelium.
DR AHMED RAGAB
DR AHMED RAGAB
9- The following tissues are developed from the dental sac except one:
A. Cementum. B. Dentin. C. Alveolar bone. D. Periodontal ligament.
10- Epithelial rests of Malassez are:
A-Epithelial strands and may undergo degeneration.
B-Epithelial remnants of the epithelial root sheath of Hertwig .
C- Network or isolated islands in the P.L.
D- All of the above.
11- Accessory root canals develop as a result of:
A-The epithelial root sheath of Hertwig is broken prior to dentin formation and odontoblastic differentiation.
B-When the developing root encounters a large blood vessel.
C- Disturbance in the fusion of the extensions of the diaphragm at the pulpal floor.
D- All of the above.
12- Enamel is:
A- An ectodermal tissue covering the anatomical crown.
B- A mesodermal tissue covering the crown. C. An endodermal tissue. D. A mesenchymal tissue.
13- Which of the following tissues begins formation first:
A. Enamel. B. Dentin. C. Pulp. D. Cementum.
14- The origin of enamel is:
A- Neural crest cells. B- Ectoderm. C- Mesoderm. D- Ectomesenchyme.
15-Which of the following give rise to odontoblasts:
A- I.E.E B-Ectomesenchymal cells C-Cells of the dental follicle D- O.E.E
16-The inner dental epithelium
A-Is the only layer of enamel organ that is closest to blood vessels
B-Will form the ameloblasts C-Becomes the dental pulp
D-Will combine with cells of dental papilla to form the root sheath
17-From which of the following is the periodontal ligament derived
A-Dental follicle. B-Enamel organ C-Dental papilla. D-Epithelial root sheath
18-Permanent mandibular 2nd premolar tooth bud will develop:
A-Anterior to mandibular deciduous 2nd molar
B-Lingual to mandibular deciduous 2nd molar
C-Posterior to mandibular deciduous 2nd molar
19-Which of the following give rise to odontoblasts:
A-Inner dental epithelial cells B-Ectomesenchymal cells
DR AHMED RAGAB