Foundation of Math and Pre-Calculus 10 - Synchronous

Chapter 2: Polynomials
Lesson 1: De!ning Polynomials
Introduction to Polynomials
Reference V.6452
No notes available for this video.
Intro to Factoring
Reference V.11905
No notes available for this video.
Degrees of Polynomials
Reference V.1034

Monomials, Binomials, Trinomials and More

Reference V.11977

Intro to Algebra Tiles

Reference V.1035

Like Terms
Reference V.1036

Question #1 Question #10

Reference Q.14475 Reference Q.14485
Identify as a monomial, a binomial, or a trinomial. Use algebra tiles to determine the result of the addition of:

a. a.

b. b.

c.

Question #11
Question #2 Reference Q.14486
Use algebra tiles to determine the result of the subtraction of:
Reference Q.14476
State the degree of each monomial.
a.
a.
b.
b.

c.

d.
Question #12
e. Reference Q.14487
Simplify

a.

b.
Question #3
Reference Q.14477 c.
State whether or not the following are polynomial expressions. If they are
not polynomial expressions, explain why not.
d.

a. e.

b.

c.

d.
Question #13
Reference Q.14488
Simplify the following polynomial expresions by collecting like terms.

e. a.

f. b.

c.

d.

Question #4
Reference Q.14478
Complete the following table. e.
Polynomial Expression # Variables # Terms Name of Polynomial Degree

f.

Question #5
g.
Reference Q.14480
Give an example of

a. a trinomial of degree 2 in one-variable.

b. a binomial in four variables with a constant term of 6.

c. a monomial of degree 3 in two variables with a negative numerical

coe!cient.
Question #14
d. a monomial with a degree of 0. Reference Q.14489

a. Subtract from

b. Subtract the sum of and

from
Question #6
Reference Q.14481
Arrange the following in descending powers of the variable.

a.
Question #15
b. Reference Q.14490
A triangle has a perimeter of One side measures

c. and another side measures

a. Write and simplify an expression for the length of the third side of
the triangle.

b. Determine the measure of each side when

Question #7
Reference Q.14482
Arrange the following in ascending powers of the variable.

a.
Question #16
b.
Reference Q.14491
Which of the following is a polynomial expression of degree 4?
c.

A.
B.

C.
Question #8
Reference Q.14483 D.
State which of the following are true and which are false.

a. is a polynomial.

b. The degree of the polynomial is

Question #17
c. The numerical coe!cient of is Reference Q.14492
Which of the following polynomial expressions, when simpli"ed, is equal to

d. A polynomial may have terms.

A.
e. is a binomial.
B.
C.
f. The degree of the polynomial 0 is 0.
D.
g. The polynomial is written in ascending
powers of

h. The polynomials and are

equivalent. Question #18
Reference Q.14493

Question #9
Reference Q.14484
State the polynomial expression which describes each diagram.

The perimeter of the isosceles triangle shown can be represented by

A. a monomial
B. a binomial
C. a trinomial
a. D. none of the above

Question #19
Reference Q.14494
b.
If the polynomial has degree leading coe!cient
and constant term then the value of is _____.

c.

Lesson 2: Area Models

Area Models with Digits
Reference V.1041

Area Models with Algebra

Reference V.1042

Applying Area Models Inquiry

Reference V.6259
No notes available for this video.
Question #1 Question #9
Reference Q.17940 Reference Q.14496
Which of the following tiles represent the term 1? In each case, state the polynomial product in which is indicated by the
algebra tile diagram. Express the product as a sum or di#erence of terms.

Question #2
Reference Q.17941
Which of the following tiles represent the term

a.

Question #3
Reference Q.17942
Which of the following tiles represent the term ?

b.

Question #4
Reference Q.17943
Complete the diagram below, and state the equation.

c.

Question #5
Reference Q.17944
Complete the diagram below for the following equation.

d.

e.

Question #6
Reference Q.17945
Complete the diagram below, and state the equation.

f.

Question #7
Reference Q.17946 Question #10
Complete the diagram below for the following equation.
Reference Q.14497
For each of the following:

i) Draw an algebra tile diagram to model the product.

ii) Express the product as a sum or di#erence of terms.
iii) Verify the polynomial product when

a.

b.

Question #8
Reference Q.14495
In each case, complete the diagram, state the polynomial product in
express the product as a sum or di#erence of terms.
and
Question #11
Reference Q.14623
Complete the algebra tile diagrams and determine the products.

a.

a.

b.

b.

c.

c.

d.

d.

e.

Question #12
Reference Q.17947
e. A farmer decides to enclose a rectangular garden. The length of the garden
is and the width of the garden is .

a. What is the expression of the area of the rectangular garden (in

terms of )?

b. Draw the algebra tiles for the area expression above.

Question #13
Reference Q.17948
A farmer decides to enclose a rectangular garden. The length of the garden
is and the width of the garden is .

a. What is the expression of the area of the rectangular garden (in

terms of )?

b. Draw the algebra tiles for the area expression above.

Question #14
Reference Q.17949
An open-box container (shown below as an unfolded cardboard) has a
volume of

a. Find the lengths of and .

b. Draw the algebra tiles for the area of the base of this box.

Lesson 3: Multiplying Polynomials

FOIL
Reference V.1043

Steps to Multiplying Polynomials

Reference V.1044

Multiplying Conjugate Binomials

Reference V.1045

Expanding Polynomials: An Example

Reference V.6227

Question #1 Question #22

Reference Q.14654 Reference Q.14658
Expand. A student provides the following expansions for four binomial products.

a.

b.

c.

How many of the student’s expansions are incorrect?

d.
A. One
B. Two
e.
C. Three
D. Four
f.

g.

h.
Question #23
i. Reference Q.14659
Given that for every value of then
j. the value of must be ______.

Question #24
Question #2 Reference Q.14633
Reference Q.14656 Use a diagram to determine the expansion.
Expand and simplify.
a.
a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.
b.
g.

h.

i.

Question #3
Reference Q.14679
Identify the errors in the following and provide the correct simpli"cation.

a.
Question #25
b. Reference Q.14634
Use the distributive law to determine the expansion.
c.
a.
d.
b.
e.

Question #26
Question #4 Reference Q.14635
Reference Q.14680 Expand and simplify.
Expand and simplify
a.
a.
b.
b.
c.
c.

d.

e.
Question #27
f. Reference Q.14636
Expand and simplify.
g.
a.
h.
b.
i.
c.
j.
d.
k.

Question #28
Question #5 Reference Q.14637
Reference Q.14681 Calculate the volume of the cube shown below.
Determine a simpli"ed expression for the area of the given shape.

a.

Question #29
Reference Q.14638
Calculate the volume of the rectangular prism illustrated.

b.

Question #6
Reference Q.14682

Question #30
Reference Q.14639
Simplify.

a.

b.

c.

The algebra tile diagram represents the expansion of:

A.
B.
Question #31
Reference Q.14640
C.
D.

Question #7
Reference Q.14683
Which of the following expansions is incorrect?

A.
B. Which of the following statements is true?
C. A. The student made an error in Line 1.
B. The student made an error in Line 2.
D. C. The student made an error in Line 3.
D. The student's expansion is correct.

Question #8
Reference Q.14684 Question #32
The expression can be Reference Q.14641
written in the form The value of is ______. Subtracting the product of and from the sum
of and results in a polynomial of the

form The value of is ___.

Question #9
Reference Q.14624
Use an area diagram to determine the product of each of the following Question #33
binomials.
Reference Q.14660
a. In each case, the "gures consist of a series of horizontal and vertical lines.
The area of each "gure can be written as a trinomial in the form
b. . Determine the values of and and calculate the
area when .
c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

a.

Question #10
Reference Q.14625
Use an area diagram and no calculator to determine the following products.

a.

b.

c.

d.
b.
e.

f.

Question #34
Reference Q.14661
The "gure consists of a rectangle within a rectangle.
Question #11
Reference Q.14626 a. Determine a simpli"ed expression of the shaded area in terms of
Use the distributive property to determine the following products. and .

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.
 f.

g.

h.

i.

b. Calculate the area when and .

Question #12
Reference Q.14627
Use FOIL to determine each product. Question #35
Reference Q.14662
a.

a. Determine the area of the "gure in the form .

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.
b. Determine the area of the "gure when .

j.

k.

l. Question #36
Reference Q.14663
A square metal plate of side length is heated so that each side
increases in length by .

a. What is the original area of the plate, before heating?

Question #13
Reference Q.14628 b. Write and simplify an expression for the area of the heated plate.
A rectangle has length and width . Determine
c. Write and simplify an expression for the increase in area of the
the area of the rectangle ( in ) by completing each of the following plate.
solutions.
Area = length width = ( )( ) d. If , calculate the increase in area.

a. use a diagram

b. use the distributive property

Question #37
c. use FOIL
Reference Q.14664
A square garden with a side length of contains two square
$ower beds each with a side length of . The remainder of the
garden is grass.

a. Draw a diagram to illustrate this information.

Question #14 b. Write and simplify an expression for the area of grass in the
Reference Q.14629 garden.
Expand and simplify where possible.

a.

b.
Question #38
c.
Reference Q.14665
A metal washer has internal radius and width as shown.
d.
a. Write an expression for the outer radius of the washer.
e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

Question #15 b. Show that the area of the washer, , is given by

Reference Q.14630 .
The area of the rectangle shown can be written in the form
where , , and are natural numbers. What are the
values of , , and ?

Question #39
Reference Q.14668
Solve the following equations where the variable is on the set of real
numbers.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Question #40
Reference Q.14701
The hypotenuse of a right triangle is long and the lengths of
the other two sides are and . Form an
equation and solve it to determine the value of and the lengths of the
Question #16 three sides of the triangle.
Reference Q.14631
The expansion of where is a whole number, results
in a polynomial in with a leading coe!cient of and a constant term of
. The value of is ___?
Question #41
Reference Q.14702
Consider a set of rectangles with sides and .

Question #17 a. Write and simplify an expression in for the area of one of these
Reference Q.14632 rectangles.
Expand and simplify where possible.
b. If one of these rectangles has a perimeter of , determine
a. the length and width of this rectangle.

c. If another of these rectangles is a square, determine the length of

b.
each side.

c.

d.

e. Question #42
Reference Q.14709
f.
A rectangle has length and width .

g. a. Write and simplify an expression for the area of the rectangle in

.
h.
b. If , calculate the area of the rectangle.
i.

j.

k.
Question #43
l. Reference Q.14711
Dice for a children’s board game are cubes with an edge length of
.

a. Write and simplify an expression for the volume of a die in .

Question #18 b. The manufacturer packages dice in cubic containers containing

Reference Q.14642 dice. Determine the volume of the container in if .
Expand and simplify where possible.

a.

b.
Question #44
c. Reference Q.14712
A rectangular prism has length , width , and
d.
height .

e. a. Write and simplify an expression for the volume of the rectangular

prism in .
f.
b. Write and simplify an expression for the surface area of the
rectangular prism in .

c. If , calculate the volume and surface area of the rectangular

prism.
Question #19
Reference Q.14646
Expand and simplify where possible.

a.
Question #45
b. Reference Q.14713
A box is in the shape of a rectangular prism. The length of the box is .
c. The width is less than the length, and the height is more than
the length. If the volume of the box can be written in the form
d.
where and are integers, then how
many of the parameters and are equal to zero?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
Question #20 D. 3

Reference Q.14655
Expand and simplify where possible.

a.
Question #46
b. Reference Q.14714
The square and the rectangle in the diagram are equal in area. The value of
c. , to the nearest tenth, is ______.

d.

e.

f.

Question #21
Reference Q.14657
Expand and simplify where possible.

a.

b.
Question #47
c. Reference Q.14715
The diagram shows the lengths of the sides of right triangle . The
d. perimeter (to the nearest tenth of a ) of triangle is ______.

e.

Lesson 4: Basic Factoring

Greatest Common Factor
Reference V.1096

Binomial Factors
Reference V.1097

Factor by Grouping
Reference V.1098

Removing Factors and Integral Polynomials

Reference V.6228

Question #1 Question #15

Reference Q.14685 Reference Q.14699
Determine the greatest common factor of and . When is factored, the greatest common factor has
degree and the remaining trinomial factor has degree The value of
is ______.

Question #2
Reference Q.14686
Determine the greatest common factor of and Question #16
Reference Q.14700
When the greatest common factor is removed from the binomial
the binomial can be written in the form The
value of is _______.
Question #3
Reference Q.14687
In each case, state the greatest common factor of the following sets of
monomials.

a.
Question #17
Reference Q.14721
b. Factor the following polynomials by removing the greatest common factor.

a.
c.

b.
d.

c.
e.

d.
f.

e.
g.

f.
h.

g.
i.

j. h.

k. i.

l.

Question #18
Reference Q.14722
Question #4 Factor the following polynomials by grouping.
Reference Q.14688
Complete the factoring in each case. a.

a. b.

b. c.

c. d.

d. e.

e. f.

f.

Question #19
Reference Q.14723
Question #5 Factor the following polynomials by grouping.
Reference Q.14689
Factor the following polynomials by removing the greatest common factor. a.

a. b.

b. c.

c. d.

d. e.

e.
f.

f.
g.
g.
h.
h.
i.

Question #6
Reference Q.14690
Question #20
In each case, the greatest common factor has been removed. Complete the Reference Q.14724
factoring. Factor the following polynomials by grouping.

a. a.

b. b.

c.
c.

d.

e.
Question #21
f.
Reference Q.14725
In each case, a common factor has been removed so that the remaining
factor is an integral binomial. Complete the factoring and check mentally by
expanding the factored form.

Question #7 a.

Reference Q.14691
Factor the following polynomials
b.
a.

b. c.

c.

d.

e.
Question #22
f. Reference Q.14726
Complete the factoring and check mentally by expanding the factored form.

a.

Question #8 b.
Reference Q.14692
In each of the following:
c.
i) simplify the expression by combining like terms.
ii) factor the resulting polynomial.

a.

b.
Question #23
c. Reference Q.14727
In each case, remove a common factor so that the remaining factor is an
d. integral polynomial.

a.

b.
Question #9
Reference Q.14693
Factor the following polynomials. Expand your answer to verify the c.
factoring.

a. d.

b.
e.

f.

Question #10
g.
Reference Q.14694
The surface area of a cylinder is given by the formula
where is the radius of the base and is the height
h.
of the cylinder.

Question #24
Reference Q.14728
An object is thrown down from a high building. The distance, metres,
travelled by the object in seconds is given by the formula

a. Express in factored form.

b. Use the factored form to calculate the distance travelled in

seconds if and
a. Calculate the surface area, to the nearest of a cylinder
which has vertical height and base diameter

b. Write the formula for in factored form.

c. Calculate the surface area of the cylinder, to the nearest

Question #25
using the factored form of
Reference Q.14729
d. Which method a) or c) is simpler to use? Identify and explain the error in each of the following polynomial
factorizations.

a.

Question #11 b.
Reference Q.14695
An archer standing on the ground "res an arrow vertically upward into the
c.
air at a speed of
The height ( metres) of the arrow above the ground after seconds can
be approximated by the formula

a. Write in factored form.

b. Use the factored form of to calculate the height for each of the
Question #26
times in the table. Reference Q.14730
Record your answer in the table. One factor of is

A.
B.
C.
c. Explain why the height of the arrow after seconds is the same as
D.
the height of the arrow after seconds.

d. Calculate when Explain why this has no meaning in the

context of the question.

Question #27
Reference Q.14731
How many of the following three statements are true?

Question #12 i)

Reference Q.14696 ii)

A square of side has semicircles drawn externally on each of two
opposite sides. iii)

Find expressions in factored form for A. 0

B. 1
C. 2
D. 3

Question #28
a. the external perimeter of the shape
Reference Q.14732
b. the area of the shape is equivalent to

A.
B.
C.
Question #13 D.
Reference Q.14697
is equivalent to

A.
B. Question #29
Reference Q.14733
C.
Consider the polynomial where is a constant.
D.
If is a factor, then the other factor must be

A.
B.

Question #14 C.
D.
Reference Q.14698
One factor of is
A.
B.
C. Question #30
D. Reference Q.14734
The polynomial has a factor of The
value of is ____.

Lesson 5: Factoring Trinomials and Di"erence of Squares

Optimization and Factoring Polynomials
Reference V.6464
No notes available for this video.
Why We Learn Factoring
Reference V.1791
No notes available for this video.
Factoring Using Algebra Tiles
Reference V.1603

Factoring is the Opposite of Expanding

Reference V.1786

Steps to Factoring a Trinomial Where a=1

Reference V.1787

Di"erence of Squares
Reference V.1792

Question #1 Question #15

Reference Q.14735 Reference Q.14754
The largest value of for which can be factored over the
a. Write the polynomial expression which is represented by the
integers is ______.
algebra tiles.

Question #16
Reference Q.14741
Complete the table to "nd two numbers with the given sum and the given
product.

b. Arrange the algebra tiles into a rectangle and write an expression Sum Product Integers
for the length and width of the rectangle. a) 8 -20
b) -8 -20
c. Use the results above to express the polynomial in factored form.
c) -1 -20
d) 3 -70
e) -11 28
f) 0 -16
Question #2
Reference Q.14736

a. Write a polynomial expression for the group of algebra tiles shown.

Question #17
Reference Q.14742
Factor the following trinomials.

a.
b. Arrange the algebra tiles into a rectangle.
b.
c. State the length and width of the rectangle and hence express the
polynomial in factored form. c.

d.

e.

Question #3 f.
Reference Q.14737
Use algebra tiles to factor the following trinomials.

a.

b. Question #18
Reference Q.14744
c. Factor where possible.

a.

b.

Question #4 c.
Reference Q.14738
Complete the tables to "nd two numbers with the given sum and the given d.
product.
e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

k.

l.

Question #5
Reference Q.14739
Question #19
Complete the following. Reference Q.14748
Factor.
a.
a.
b.
b.

c.
c.

d. d.

e. e.

f. f.

Question #6 Question #20

Reference Q.14740 Reference Q.14749
Factor the following. Consider the following in which the each letter represents a whole number.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e. Determine the value of each letter and hence name the "ctional character
represented by the
f. following code.

(7) (5) (8) (8) (2) (4) (1) (3) (3) (9) (8)

Question #7
Reference Q.14743 Question #21
Factor where possible. Reference Q.14755
Complete the following by determining the missing factor.
a.
a.
b.
b.
c.

c.
d.

e.

f.

g. Question #22
Reference Q.14756
h. Factor the following polynomials using a di#erence of squares.

i. a.

j. b.

k. c.

l. d.

m.

n.

o. Question #23
Reference Q.14757
Explain how factoring a di#erence of squares in one variable can be
regarded as a special case of factoring trinomials by inspection.

Question #8
Reference Q.14745
Question #24
a. The expression can be factored over the integers. Reference Q.14758
Determine all possible values of Factor where possible.

b. If the expression where can be factored a.

over the integers, determine all possible values of
b.

c.

d.
Question #9
Reference Q.14746 e.
A volleyball court has an area of square metres.
f.
a. Factor to "nd binomials that represent the
g.
length and width of the court.

b. If determine the length and width of the court. h.

i.

j.

Question #10 k.

Reference Q.14747 l.
Factor.
m.
a.
n.
b.
o.
c.
p.
d.

e.

f.
Question #25
Reference Q.14759
The $oor of a classroom is rectangular with an area of
square meters.
Question #11 a. Write expressions in and for the length and width of the $oor.
Reference Q.14750
Consider the following in which each letter represents a whole number. b. If the perimeter of the $oor is meters, form an equation in
and and solve for
a.
c. Determine the length and width of the $oor if the length is 25%
b. greater the width.

c.

d. Determine the value of each letter and hence name the famous
person represented by the following code.
Question #26
Reference Q.14760
Factor.

a.

Question #12 b.
Reference Q.14751
c.
Which of the following is not a factor of
d.
A.
B.
 e.
C.
D. f.

g.

h.
Question #13
Reference Q.14752
For which of the following trinomials is not a factor?

A. Question #27
B. Reference Q.14761
C. Factor.
D.
a.

b.

Question #14 c.

Reference Q.14753 d.
The expression cannot be factored if has the value
e.
A.
B. f.
C.
D. g.

h.