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Map Reading Techniques and Concepts

The document outlines various conventional signs used in mapping, including symbols for natural and artificial features such as slopes, ponds, and residential areas. It also covers grid references, map scales, distance measurement, direction, area calculation, contour lines, and cross-section representation. Additionally, it discusses vertical exaggeration and gradient calculations for river profiles.

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s13339
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18 views1 page

Map Reading Techniques and Concepts

The document outlines various conventional signs used in mapping, including symbols for natural and artificial features such as slopes, ponds, and residential areas. It also covers grid references, map scales, distance measurement, direction, area calculation, contour lines, and cross-section representation. Additionally, it discusses vertical exaggeration and gradient calculations for river profiles.

Uploaded by

s13339
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1 CONVENTIONAL SIGNS -​ Draw straight line

-​ Artificial slopes (prevent landslides) -​ Mark contour lines+height


-​ Pond (low land) -​ Title
-​ Farmland( river, alluvium, low flood plain) Y-axis = Height(m)
-​ Residential area X-axis = points
-​ Regular coastline( reclaimed) Special features
Intervisibility
2 GRID REFERENCE (4/6) -draw line on cross section

3 MAP SCALE 9 LONG PROFILE OF A RIVER


a.​ Statement Scale (1cm to 200m) -​ Actual distance method
b.​ Representative fraction (1:200) -​ Mark height
c.​ Linear scale (scale on line) -​ Title
Y-axis = Height(m)
4 DISTANCE X-axis = points
a.​ Actual direct (straight line)
b.​ Actual 10 VERTICAL EXAGGERATION
-​ Vertical scale (cross section Yy)
5 DIRECTION 1cm to ?m
a.​ Reduced circle bearing (N45E) -​ Horizontal Scale (map scale)
b.​ Whole circle bearing (180degrees)
11 GRADIENT
6 AREA -​ Vertical distance / Horizontal Distance
Height diff btw pt / distance x map-scale
7 CONTOUR LINES -​ Cal dou 200/500
-​ Height of a place Then, 1: 500/200
-​ Spot height/ trigo`nometric station = exact

8 CROSS SECTION

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