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Capacitor Theory and Energy Storage

The document discusses the capacitance of various capacitor configurations, including parallel and cylindrical capacitors, and the effects of dielectrics on capacitance. It also explains the principles of electric potential, energy storage, and the shielding properties of conductors. Additionally, it highlights the mechanical analogy of charging a capacitor and the modifications needed for electrostatic equations in dielectric materials.

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addictsupra7
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4 views1 page

Capacitor Theory and Energy Storage

The document discusses the capacitance of various capacitor configurations, including parallel and cylindrical capacitors, and the effects of dielectrics on capacitance. It also explains the principles of electric potential, energy storage, and the shielding properties of conductors. Additionally, it highlights the mechanical analogy of charging a capacitor and the modifications needed for electrostatic equations in dielectric materials.

Uploaded by

addictsupra7
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

anActively

capacitance of parallel combination offcapacitors, CyG +G,+ C


Equivalent
capacitor
Energy
| inthe
stored

density, u:
Electricenergy 2E
sphericalsystems
Capacity of Connected spheres
Inner has givencharge Inner is earthed and outer Connccted
System (outer is earthed) has given charge spheres (far away)
E0 Q E+0 C

Diagram

|C= 4nEabl[b-a] C=4ne,b/[b-a] C= 4TE b C- C +C, =4TE4(a +b)


Capacity

Capacity of cylindrical capacitor, C= 2re/In(bla)


diameter). By means of a
on de Graaff generator consists of a large spherical conducting shell (a few metre in difference of the order
and potential
aning belt andsuitable brushes, charge is continuously transferred to the shell particles.
fseveral millionvolts is built up, which can be used for accelerating charged

COMPETITI}N
EDGE
defined, it is infinite.
Electric potential due to a point charge q at its location is not
It is worth noting that electrostatic
. Acavity inside a conductor is shielded from outside electrical influences.
inside the cavity, the exterior of the
shielding does not work the other way round; that is, if you put charges
conductor is not shielded from the fields by the inside charges.
lines within a small region of space.
Acapacitor isso configured that it confines the electric ield between between the two conductors
difference
Thus even though field may have considerable strength, the potential
of acapacitor is small.
measure to its ability to store charge
Capacitance is always a positive quantity. The capacitance of a device is
and electrical potential energy.
a metal plate is inserted in the
Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor increases whether a dielectric slab or
rogion between its plates. to raise a mass through
One mechanical analogue of the process of charging a capacitor is the work required
some vertical distance in the presence of gravity.
molecules.
The amount of polarisation developed by non-polar molecules is not as great as it is in polaris to give the
However, for both polar and non-polar dielectrics, the net effect of the external electric field
dielectric positive and negative surface charges.
Aconductor can be a medium of infinite dielectric constant.
In aregion that is illed by adielectric, all electrostatic equations containing E, must be modified by replacing
o with e,£, or K[, as e, is K(dielectric constant).
Acharge Q is distributed over two concentric hollow spheres of radii r and R(> ) such that the surface
deIstties are equal. The clectric potentialat the common centre is
QR+r)

191

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