DC Machine
1- The part in Dc machine that carries the field winding is…………………
a) Rotor
b) Stator
c) Armature
d) Commutator
2- What is the purpose of pole shoes in dc machine?
a) They support field coil Stator
b) Decrease reluctance
c) Increase cross section area of magnetic circuit
d) All of above
3- Yoke in dc machine acts as a protecting cover for the whole machine and provides mechanical
support for the poles.
a) True b) false
4- A part in dc machine that carries armature winding & has a cylindrical shape with slots, it is………….
a) Poles
b) Stator
c) Rotor
d) pole shoes
5- A part in dc machine that is a copper cylinder divided into isolated segments connected to armature
terminals, it is………………..
a) Rotor
b) Stator
c) Brushes
d) Commutator
6- A part in dc machine that is direct contact with commutator,it is………………..
a) Rotor
b) Stator
c) Brushes
d) Commutator
7- Commutator is fixed part while the brushes are rotating part.
a) True b) false
8- Commutator and brushes act as……………..
a) Mechanical Rectifier (half wave rectifier)
b) Electrical Rectifier (half wave rectifier)
c) Mechanical Rectifier (full wave rectifier)
d) Electrical Rectifier (full wave rectifier)
9- The main reason that the brushes made of carbon instead of copper that Damage to the
commutators is less then when copper brushes are used on occurrence of sparkover.
a) True b) false
10- When field winding of dc motor is connected in parallel with armature.
a) High shunt resistance , small number of turns , large cross section area
b) small shunt resistance , large number of turns , large cross section area
c) High shunt resistance , large number of turns , small cross section area
d) small shunt resistance , small number of turns , large cross section area
11-when field winding of dc motor is connected in series with armature.
a) High shunt resistance , small number of turns , large cross section area
b) small shunt resistance , large number of turns , large cross section area
c) High shunt resistance , large number of turns , small cross section area
d) small shunt resistance , small number of turns ,large cross section area
12-the rotor of dc motor is laminated to reduce:
a) friction and windage losses
b) eddy current
c) hysteresis loss
d) both b & c
13-the rotor of dc motor is made of silicon steel lamination to reduce
a) friction and windage losses
b) eddy current
c) hysteresis loss
d) both b & c
14- The armature winding of dc motor that has number of parallel parts= 2, it is…………..
a) lap winding
b) field winding
c) core winding
d) wave winding
15- The armature winding of dc motor that has number of parallel parts= number of poles ,it is…………..
a) lap winding
b) field winding
c) core winding
d) wave winding
16- The armature winding of dc motor that has a large number of parallel path, it is…………..
a) lap winding
b) field winding
c) core winding
d) wave winding
17-the armature winding of dc motor that has a large number of series path, it is…………..
a) lap winding
b) field winding
c) core winding
d) wave winding
18-the armature winding of dc motor that has a lower voltage and higher current, it is…………..
a) lap winding
b) field winding
c) core winding
d) wave winding
19-the armature winding of dc motor that has a higher voltage and lower current, it is…………..
a) lap winding
b) field winding
c) core winding
d) wave winding
20- The magnetization curve of dc generator is called
a) short circuit c/c’s
b) open circuit c/c’s
c) load circuit c/c’s
d) current circuit c/c’s
21- In magnetization curve of dc generator, the curve between induced emf and field current at
constant speed is …………………..
a) non –linear
b) linear
c) none of above
22- In magnetization curve of dc generator, the curve between induced emf and speed at constant field
current is …………………..
a) non –linear
b) linear
c) none of above
23- on the stator pole shoe of dc machine …..
a) smallest air gab
b) min flux
c) max flux
d) both a & c
24- in the neutral zone between poles (interpole) of dc machine
a) max flux
b) zero flux
c) largest air gab
d) both b & c
25- (According to external characteristics) the drop voltage in separately excited of dc generator due
to……..
a) Ra drop
b) Armature reaction drop
c) Decrease in field current
d) Both a & b
26-(according to external characteristics) the drop voltage in shunt dc generator due to……..
a) Ra drop
b) Armature reaction drop
c) Decrease in field current
d) All of above
27- External characteristics of shunt dc generator is more dropping than separately excited dc generator.
a) True b) False
28- External characteristics of shunt dc generator, current field decrease as………..
a) Current load increase ,armature reaction decrease , terminal voltage decrease
b) Current load increase ,armature reaction increase , terminal voltage decrease
c) Current load increase ,armature reaction decrease , terminal voltage increase
d) Current load decrease, armature reaction decrease , terminal voltage decrease
29- - external characteristics of shunt dc generator, when we reach the breakdown point if the load
increase after breakdown point
a) Current load decrease , terminal voltage decrease till 𝐼𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 𝐼𝑠𝑐 , 𝑉𝑡 = 0
b) Current load increase , terminal voltage decrease till 𝐼𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 𝐼𝑠𝑐 , 𝑉𝑡 = 0
c) Current load decrease , terminal voltage increase till 𝐼𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 𝐼𝑠𝑐 , 𝑉𝑡 = 0
d) Current load increase , terminal voltage increase till 𝐼𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 𝐼𝑠𝑐 , 𝑉𝑡 = 0
30- Armature reaction occurs due to loading, where 𝐼𝑎 produces flux which opposes main flux, so total
flux and induced emf decrease.
a) True b) False
31- (According to external characteristics) the drop voltage in series dc generator due to……..
a) (Ra + Rf )drop
b) Armature reaction drop
c) Ra drop
d) Both a & c
32-……………..is mounted on back iron of the stator in the neutral zone between poles to speed up
commutation in dc generator.
a) Compensating winding
b) Interpole winding
c) Stator
d) Armature
33-…………. is mounted on back iron of the stator carrying current opposite to armature current to cancel
armature reaction.
a) Compensating winding
b) Interpole winding
c) Stator
d) Armature
34- Induced EMF is………with flux, and EMF is………….with field current.
a) Non-linear , linear
b) Non-linear , Non-linear
c) Linear , linear
d) Linear , Non-linear
35- The EMF vs speed (n) curve is ……………with separately excited dc generator while it is ………….with
shunt dc generator.
a) Non-linear , linear
b) Non-linear , Non-linear
c) Linear , linear
d) Linear , Non-linear
36- In dc generator the induced emf acts as back emf that opposes input supply voltage, while in dc
motor acts as output voltage that supplies power to load.
a) True b) False
37- External characteristics of separately excited dc generator is more dropping than shunt dc generator.
a) True b) False
38- Dc motor is self-starting so, the starting current in dc motor is very low.
a) True b) False
39- At starting dc motor, we limited starting current by adding external diode then removed it when the
motor runs.
a) True b) False
40-when the speed of the rotor of dc machine increase, the armature reaction ………….
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Remain the same
d) None
41- In dc machine, the speed can be controlled by ……………..
a) Changing Ra (by adding Ra external).
b) Changing voltage
c) Field Strengthening
d) Both a & b
42- Series dc motor can be used in traction as it has high starting torque.
a) True b) False
43- Shunt dc generators have external c/c’s more dropping than separately excited generators due to
effect of field Strengthening.
a) True b) False
Transformer
1-the transformer is ……..
a) Static machine b) dynamic
2- The transformers transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another through the
medium of magnetic field by induction
a) True b) false
3- The transformer change frequency.
a) True b) false
4-the iron core of transformers made of iron with laminations
a) Silicon
b) Mica
c) a and b
d) None
5- Core type transformer has …………….while shell type transformer has……………
a) Double magnetic circuit, single magnetic circuit
b) Triple magnetic circuit, double magnetic circuit
c) Single magnetic circuit, double magnetic circuit
6- Core type transformer has …………….while shell type transformer has……………
a) Cylindrical coil, sandwich coil
b) Sandwich coil, cylindrical coil
7- Core type transformer usage is…………….while shell type transformer usage is …………
a) Low voltage transformer, high voltage transformer
b) High voltage transformer, Low voltage transformer
8- The maintenance of Core type transformer is………….while the maintenance of shell type transformer
is…………….
a) Complicated, easy b) easy, complicated
9 -the natural cooling of core type transformer is not effective while the natural cooling of shell type
transformer is effective.
a) True b) false
10 -for step up transformer at the primary winding there is………
a) Low voltage and high tension
b) Low voltage and low tension
c) High voltage and low tension
d) High voltage and high tension
11- The following is right to ideal transformer except……………….
a) Neglect core losses
b) Neglect copper losses
c) Neglect leakage flux
d) Permeability of iron core is finite
12-the hysteresis losses and eddy currents losses are proportional to………….
a) current
b) Voltage
c) Frequency
d) Resistance
13-transformer voltage regulation is measure of change of load voltage from full load to any loading
condition.
a) True b) false
14-transformers connected with……….
a) DC Voltage supply only
b) Ac voltage supply only
c) DC Voltage supply or Ac voltage supply
d) None
An ideal transformer has turns ratio 100/300 is connected to a source of 3.3 KV and impedance of
100+j35 is connected across secondary terminals (Answer Q135 to Q138)
15-max core flux =………….wb
a) 1.2 b) 0.576 c) 0.362 d) 0.148
16-Primary and secondary currents equal…………&……………….A.
a) 93.44 < −19.29° , 200 < −19.29°
b) 93.44 < −29.29° , 280.3 < −19.29°
c) 93.44 < −19.29° , 280.3 < −19.29°
17-Active and Reactive power from supply =………KW,………….KVAR.
a) 873 , 305.6
b) 873 , 540.8
c) 669.3 ,305.6
18- load impedance referred to primary side =……………….ohm
a) 11.11+j 2.88
b) 12.12+j 3.88
c) 11.11+j 3.88
19 A 200/400 V, 50 Hz, 5 KVA, single phase transformer operates on 160V, 40Hz supply with secondary
winding open circuited. Then:
a) Both eddy current and hysteresis losses decrease.
b) Both eddy current and hysteresis losses increase.
c) Eddy current loss remains the same but hysteresis loss increases.
d) Eddy current loss increases but hysteresis loss remains the same.
20-A 200/400 V, 50 Hz, 5 KVA, single phase transformer operates on 200V, 40Hz supply with secondary
winding open circuited. Then: eddy current will..... and hysteresis losses will ............
a) increase - increase
b) remain constant - increase
c) decrease - remain constant
d) increase - decrease
e) decrease - decrease
f) decrease –increase
21- While performing the open circuit test (O.C.T.) and short circuit test (S.C.T.) on transformer to
determine its parameters, the status of the low voltage winding (L.V.) high voltage winding (H.V.) will be
such that:
a) In O.C.T., L.V. is open and in S.C.T., H.V. is shorted
b) In O.C.T., H.V. is open and in S.C.I., L.V. is shorted
c) In O.C.T., L.V. is open and in S.C.I., L.V. is shorted
d) In O.C.T., H.V. is open and in S.C.T., H.V. is shorted.
22- A 500/1000 V, 50 Hz single phase ideal transformer operates on 400 V Zero HZ supply with the
secondary winding connected to a load whose resistance equal 100 ohm. Calculate i2
a) 10A
b) zero
c) 8A
d) 4A
e) no correct answer
f) 5A
23- The flux involved in the emf equation of a transformer has:
a) rms value
b) Average value
c) Maximum value
d) instantaneous value
Final Exam
1-In a single-phase transformer, the flux involved in the induced emf equations in both primary and
secondary windings has maximum value.
a) True b) false
2-The magnetization characteristics of a dc generator is independent of its speed.
a) True b) false
3- The transformer efficiency is always higher than that of rotating machines.
a) True b) false
4- In a 3-phase induction motor the stator iron losses are negligible small.
a) True b) false
5- For understanding the behavior of a transformer, the following laws may be called for:
1. Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.
2. Ohm's law.
3. Newton's second law.
4. Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws.
From these, the correct answer is
a) 2,3
b) 1,2,4
c) 1,2
d) 1,3,4
6- A 3:1 transformer has impedance of (1+j5) on the low voltage side and (9+ j45) on the voltage side.
The total equivalent impedance referred to high voltage side is:
a) (8+j40)
b) (18+j90)
c) (2+j10)
d) (10+j50)
7-The hysteresis and eddy current loss of a transformer works on 200 v, 50 Hz are 𝑝ℎ and 𝑝𝑒
respectively. If the transformer is operated at 160 v, 40 Hz, then the percentage decrease in 𝑝ℎ and 𝑝𝑒
are, respectively:
a) 32, 36
b) 20, 36
c) 25,50
d) 40, 80
8- A 5 KVA 200/400 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer an equivalent impedance referred to primary side
(0.28+0.285). If the transformer delivers rated current at 0.7 power factor lagging, the Voltage
Regulation in Percentage, equals:
a) 5
b) 6
c) 2
d) 4
9- The efficiency of a 20 kVA, 2500/250V, single phase transformer is 98% at full load and half load, both
at unity pf. The transformer core loss and full load cupper loss in watts are, respectively:
a) 136, 272
b) 146, 272
c) 136, 292
d) 146, 282
10- The maximum efficiency of a single-phase transformer occurs at 80% of full load. Its core loss is
𝑝
𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 and full load cupper loss is 𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 . For this transformer, the ratio 𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 equals:
𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟
a) 0.8
b) 1.25
c) 0.64
d) 0.898
11- A 200/400 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer supplies a load at constant voltage and frequency. As
the load current increases, the core losses will:
a) Decrease or increase slightly depending upon the nature of the load.
b) Decrease slightly.
c) Increase slightly.
d) Remain constant.
12- The armature of a dc machine is laminated to reduce:
a) Friction and windage losses
b) Eddy current loss
c) Copper losses
d) Hysteresis loss
13- The direction of generated emf in the armature winding of dc machine is………
1. the same as that of the armature current in a generator.
2. the same as that of the armature current in a motor.
3. opposite to that of the armature current in a generator.
4. opposite to that of the armature current in a motor.
Form these, the correct answer is :
a) 1,4
b) 1,2,4
c) 2,3
d) 1,3,4
14-A self-excited shunt dc generator fails to build up voltage because of:
1. The field circuit is open.
2. The field flux is not in the same direction as the residual flux.
3. The residual magnetism is absent.
4. The armature circuit is open.
From these, the correct answer is:
a) 2,3,4
b) 1,2,4
c) 1,2,3
d) 1,3,4
15-A 220 v dc separately excited machine has an armature resistance of 1 ohm. If the machine operates
as a motor or as a generator, the full load armature current is 20 A. The difference in the induced emf
when the machine is running as a motor or as a generator is:
a) 50
b) 20
c) 60
d) 40
16-A separately excited dc machine operates at constant speed and constant field current with an
induced voltage in the armature equals [Link] armature resistance equals 0.3 ohm. If the terminal
voltage equals 124 V, the armature current and the electromagnetic power will be:
a) 10 A, 1270
b) 10 A ,1250
c) 15 A,1260
d) 30 A, 1230
17-A separately excited dc motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm. If the terminal voltage is 250 V,
the armature current is 20 A at a speed of 1500 rpm. If the field current and speed are kept constant and
the armature current becomes 10 A, the torque developed is:
a) 16 N.m
b) 15.28 N.m
c) 16.92 N.m
d) 16.6 N.m
A 5 KVA, 200/400 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer an equivalent impedance referred to primary side
(0.28+j0.285) Ω. The core loss equals 150 W. (Solve 18-20) [6 Marks]
18- If the transformer operates at 75% loading with load power factor = 0.7 lag., its efficiency in
percentage will be:
a) 91.3 b) 93 c) 95 d) 97
19- The load (in KVA) at which the maximum efficiency occurs, equals:
a) 4 kVA b) 4.2 kVA c) 4.6 KVA d) 4.8 kVA
20- The Voltage Regulation when the transformer delivers rated current at 0.7 power factor lagging
equals, in Percentage.
a) 6 b) 2 c) 4 d) 5
A 5 KVA, 200/400 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer has an equivalent impedance and core loss
resistance referred to primary side equal (0.28+j0.285) Ω and 160 Ω respectively. (Solve 21 and 22)
21- If the transformer operates at 75% loading with load power factor = 0.7 lag, its efficiency in
percentage will be:
a) 91.3
b) 87.1
c) 95
d) 85.3
22- The Voltage Regulation when the transformer delivers rated current at 0.7 power factor lagging, in
Percentage is:
a) 6
b) 2
c) 4
d) 5