THE IMPORTANCE OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, RATIONAL
CHOICE, AND INSTITUTIONALISM IN EXAMINING
SOCIOCULTURAL, ECONOMIC, AND POLITICAL
CONDITIONS
SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS ARE CUSTOMS, LIFESTYLES AND VALUES
THAT CHARACTERIZE A SOCIETY OR GROUP. CULTURAL ASPECTS
INCLUDE CONCEPTS OF BEAUTY, EDUCATION, LANGUAGE, LAW
AND POLITICS, RELIGION, SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS, TECHNOLOGY
AND MATERIAL CULTURE, VALUES AND ATTITUDES (TATAD 2016).
Background
ECONOMICS is regarded as a social science because it
uses scientific methods to build theories that can
help explain the behavior of individuals, groups and
organizations. Economics attempts to explain
economic behavior, which arises when scarce
resources are exchanged
POLITICS is the activities associated with the
Governance of a country or other area,
especially the DEBATE Or CONFLICT Among
Individuals Or parties having or hoping to
achieve
POWER (OXFORD 2020)
PSYCHOANALYSIS OF CULTURE
The primary psychological tool for psychoanalytic cultural analysis is depth
psychology, which is integral to psychoanalysis, plus personality psychology, cross-
cultural psychology, Jungian psychology, and social psychology. These tools are
best suited to examine the full range of culture in all aspects. Additional specialized
tools include psychology of religion, archetypal psychology, relational psychology,
community psychology, psychologies of liberation, peace psychology, and eco-
psychology. Important elements of culture to be analyzed include religion,
mythology, social networks, social conditions, public awareness and discourse, and
institutions of all kinds. Social location takes into account many of these factors and
is critical to locating the person, relationship, society, and culture itself in time and
place. (Leeming 2014)
ECONOMIC MODEL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
In brief, the economic model of psychoanalysis
played a great role in the conception of the
flow of energy in the human mind and how
different drives tend to satisfy our instincts
whereas others don't
There are few studies and references approaching psychoanalysis
and economics. Such approach can be started in the face of the fact
that economics is treated as a human science and therefore a social
science. This means that it is thought and managed by individuals
who are inserted and organized in a form of society. Thus, the fields
of study of economics, among them: relations between individuals,
way of society organization in relation to production, the exchange
and consumption of services and goods in general, exchange of
currencies - are the result, and inevitably, pass by individual and
social meanings. (Guerra 2016)
CORRELATING THE CONCEPTS MENTIONED ABOVE, PSYCHOANALYSIS CAN
CONTRIBUTE IN THE SPHERE OF ECONOMICS - SINCE THEY ARE TWO SCIENCES THAT
PERPASS THE SOCIAL/HUMAN
relations - going beyond the conceptions of conscience, considering the
unconscious character that transpasses the actions of the inserted subjects in a
society. Moreover, psychoanalysis disrupts the individual's psychic and social
alienation and can help with the apprehension/understanding and
transformation of the production relations and monetary exchanges as
conceptions of value. That is, the psychoanalytic investigation can become an
important element, allowing the reflection and transformation of the subjects'
actions against the markets and its transactions. (Guerra 2016)
PSYCHOANALYSIS IN POLITICS
Psychoanalysis has a mixed reputation as a
source of political understanding. On the one
hand, it is an individualistic discipline that
focuses on privatized psychotherapeutic work
Data Analysis
(Springer 2020).
RATIONAL CHOICE IN SOCIO-CULTURAL
CONDITION
Rational choice theory is one attempt to
explain how and why actors behave the way
they do. Rational choice theory is a theory in
social science that argues human behavior,
and social life in general, can be explained in
terms of rational choices of individuals
RATIONAL CHOICE IN ECONOMICS
Rational choice theory states that individuals rely on rational
calculations to make rational choices that result in outcomes
aligned with their own best interests. Rational choice theory
is often dominate across behavioral economics but there are
many economists who also study irrational choices (Ganti
2020).
RATIONAL CHOICE IN POLITICS
The rational choice approach to politics assumes that
individual behavior
is motivated by self-interest, utility maximization, or, more
simply put,
goal fulfillment.
INSTITUTIONALISM IN SOCIO-CULTURAL
CONDITION
Institutional and socio-cultural structures. Existing social
structures create institutional and socio-cultural conditions
that either support or hamper measures. Hence, for the
realization of an adaptation strategy, it might be necessary
to change social structures. (Roosjen 2015)
INSTITUTIONALISM IN ECONOMICS
Institutional economics focuses on understanding the role of
the evolutionary process and the role of institutions in shaping
economic behavior. Its original focus lay in Thorstein Veblen's
instinct-oriented dichotomy between technology on the one
side and the "ceremonial" sphere of society on the other
(Heussner 2016).
INSTITUTIONALISM IN POLITICS
As "positive theory", rational choice is increasingly criticized for its
failure to construct a model. (Petracca 1991)
Institutionalism in Socio-cultural Condition
Institutional and socio-cultural structures. Existing social structures
create institutional and socio-cultural conditions that either
support of hamper measures. Hence, for the realization of an
adaptation strategy, it might be necessary to change social
structures. (Roosjen 2015)
RecommendInsI
INSTITUTIONALISM IN POLITICS
Neo-institutionalism, also spelled neo-institutionalism, also called new
institutionalism, methodological approach in the study of political science, economics,
organizational behavior, and sociology in the United States that explores how
institutional structures, rules, norms, and cultures constrain the choices and actions of
individuals when they are part of a political institution. Such methodology became
prominent in the 1980s among scholars of U.S. politics. That so-called new
institutionalism combined the interests of traditionalist scholars, who focused on
studying formal institutional rules and structures, with behaviorist scholars, who
examined the actions of individual political actors. (Ishiyama 2011)
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