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Understanding Matrices and Their Types

A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers, with origins traced back to India and China, and is denoted by capital letters while its elements are represented by small letters. The document discusses various types of matrices, including null and identity matrices, as well as concepts like linear combinations, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors. Additionally, it touches on normal distribution, binomial expansion, and the definition of positive definite matrices.

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3 views3 pages

Understanding Matrices and Their Types

A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers, with origins traced back to India and China, and is denoted by capital letters while its elements are represented by small letters. The document discusses various types of matrices, including null and identity matrices, as well as concepts like linear combinations, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors. Additionally, it touches on normal distribution, binomial expansion, and the definition of positive definite matrices.

Uploaded by

attarifaqeer
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Matrix/Matrices

A rectangular array of numbers is called as matrix

Origin of matrix is from India and China

A= [ 22 14]
Matrix is denoted by capital letters and the numbers which are called elements are denoted by small
letters i.e. a ij

The horizontal lines in the matrix are called rows

And the vertical lines in the matrix are called columns

Number of rows and columns in the matrix is called as the order of a matrix

There are different types of matrices

Null matrix

All the elements are zero

Oij =
[00 00]
Identity matrix

[ 10 01]
I ij =

They are linearly dependent

They are coorelated

Linearly dependent

Quadratically dependent

Matrices are linear combinations

Can we say that matrices are linear combinations

What is linear combination

2x+3y = 6

4x+7y = 7

In matrix form

[ 24 37] [ xy ]=[ 67]


A ⏟X = B
What is the concept of linear combination?

What is the concept of linearly dependent?

How we find linearly dependence?

A=
[ 11 30] , Find Eigen vaues and Eigen vector

λI =λ
[ 10 01]=[ 0λ 0λ]
A−λI =
[11 03]−[ 0λ 0λ]=[1−1 λ 0
3−λ ]
⌊ A−λI ⌋=( 1−λ ) ( 3− λ )- (0)(1) = 3- λ−3 λ+ λ 2=λ 2−4 λ+3
Apply Quadratic formula for a = 1, b = -4, c = 3

−b ± √b 2−4 ac λ=3∧ λ=¿1


λ= ,
2a
Normal distribution
The pdf for normal distribution is given as

1
f ( x )= exp ⁡¿
σ √2 π
Binomial Expansion

(a+ b) =
n
( n0) a b ( n1) a
n−0 0 n−1 1
b +… +( nn) a n−n
b
n

Where n is the total no of terms which are finite

(n0) ,( n1) , … ,( nn) are the coefficients of binomial expansion


Derive the pdf for Normal distribution

Also find the mean and variance for normal distribution

Positive definite matrix

A matrix is said to be positive definite if for any vector a ≠ 0 the following form exists
~
x A x >0

Type equation here .

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