METHODOLOGY
1. Gathering of Materials
"First, we collected the necessary materials, prioritizing recyclability and
cost-efficiency. These materials include:
Old fans (2 pcs) – repurposed for airflow
PVC pipes (32mm) (2 pcs) – for the air duct system
Plank wood or bamboo (3 pcs) – structural framework
HEPA Filters (6 pcs) – for capturing airborne particles
Arduino Uno (1 pc) – to control the system and monitor air quality
Universal 2-gang (3-Pole) sockets (8 pcs) – for power outlets
Solar Panels (200W) (3 pcs) – for renewable energy supply
Plastic Bottles (200 pcs) – for insulation and structural support
Electrical wiring and accessories (8 pcs) – for connectivity and safety"
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2. Constructing the Filtration Unit
"We built a filtration chamber using plank wood or bamboo. Inside the
chamber, we installed six HEPA filters to trap airborne particles. Optionally,
active carbon filters can be added to enhance air purification by absorbing
harmful gases and odors."
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3. Constructing the Fan System
"To optimize airflow, we disassembled two old fans, extracted their motors,
and modified the blades for better efficiency. The motors were securely
mounted onto a stable structure, ensuring consistent and effective air
circulation."
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4. Assemble and Install the System
"We used PVC pipes (32mm) to create an air duct system that channels
airflow through the filters. The axial fans were connected to the ducts to
distribute purified air evenly. For stability, the entire structure was reinforced
using plank wood or bamboo."
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5. Creating the Skeletal Body
"The framework of the system was built using plank wood or bamboo for
durability. The filtration unit and fan assembly were securely placed inside.
We also used recycled metal or plastic drums and mesh screens from old air
filters to allow proper air intake and prevent debris from entering the
system."
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6. Monitoring Air Quality
"We installed air quality sensors (MQ135 & PM2.5) inside the filtration
chamber to monitor pollution levels. These sensors detect harmful gases and
fine particulate matter, displaying real-time air quality data."
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7. Preparing the Outer Casing
"For insulation and durability, we assembled plastic bottles around the
structure. The casing was designed to be weather-resistant while allowing
proper ventilation for optimal airflow."
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8. Installing the Filtration System
"The purification system consists of multiple layers for efficient filtering:
Pre-Filter: A sponge or mesh screen (from old air conditioners) to trap large
particles.
Middle Layer: A tray filled with activated carbon (charcoal from burnt wood or
coconut shells) to absorb harmful gases.
Top Layer: A homemade HEPA filter made from layers of cotton cloth."*
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9. Attaching the Exhaust Fan
"We installed an exhaust fan to ensure proper airflow. This fan pushes clean
air back into the environment while maintaining continuous circulation inside
the filtration chamber."
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10. Integrating the Solar Power System
"To power the system sustainably, we installed three (3) 200W solar panels
on top of the purifier. These panels were connected to a rechargeable battery
and charge controller, ensuring stored energy is available for nighttime
operation. Proper wiring was done to connect the solar power to the fan and
monitoring system."
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11. Installing the Air Quality Monitoring System
"The MQ135 (for CO₂ and pollution detection) and PM2.5 sensors were
connected to an Arduino Uno. This system was programmed to display real-
time air quality levels using an LED indicator or LCD screen."
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12. Assembling and Testing the System
"Once all components were in place, we:
✅ Tested the airflow by turning on the fan.
✅ Checked air quality readings using sensors.
✅ Ensured the system operated efficiently under different environmental
conditions."*
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POTENTIAL RISKS AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT
Solar Panels
Risk: Electrical hazards and sharp edges.
Solution: Proper insulation and protective gloves.
Battery System
Risk: Leakage or explosion from overcharging.
Solution: Secure battery placement and use of a charge controller.
Axial Fans
Risk: Rotating blades causing injury.
Solution: Protective casing around fans.
HEPA + Active Carbon Filters
Risk: Dust inhalation when handling used filters.
Solution: Wear masks and gloves during maintenance.
Air Quality Sensor (MQ135 & PM2.5)
Risk: Fragile sensor head.
Solution: Careful handling and placement in a secure location.
Construction Materials (Wood, Metal, PVC)
Risk: Cuts, splinters, or tool-related injuries.
Solution: Use gloves, safety goggles, and proper tools.
FINAL TESTING AND EVALUATION
"Once the system was fully assembled, we conducted final tests to measure:
✅ Airflow efficiency – ensuring purified air is effectively circulated.
✅ Pollutant reduction – measuring before-and-after air quality.
✅ Power efficiency – testing the solar energy storage for nighttime