Scribd
Upload
6 views3 pages

Water Treatment Plant Design Calculations

The document outlines the design and calculations for water treatment processes, including alum dosage, tank dimensions, and power requirements for mixing and flocculation. It provides specific examples with calculations for alum needed, tank volume and dimensions, velocity gradients, and chemical feed rates for treatment systems. Additionally, it discusses the design of flocculation tanks for a larger flow rate, including dimensions and power requirements for multiple stages.

Uploaded by

anakhokhethelo8
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views3 pages

Water Treatment Plant Design Calculations

The document outlines the design and calculations for water treatment processes, including alum dosage, tank dimensions, and power requirements for mixing and flocculation. It provides specific examples with calculations for alum needed, tank volume and dimensions, velocity gradients, and chemical feed rates for treatment systems. Additionally, it discusses the design of flocculation tanks for a larger flow rate, including dimensions and power requirements for multiple stages.

Uploaded by

anakhokhethelo8
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial

1. The design flow for a water treatment plant is 3.8 x 10 3 m3/d. The rapid mixing tank will have a mechanical
mixer, and the average alum dosage will be 30mg/l. The theoretical mean hydraulic detention time of the
tank is 1 min. Determine the amount of alum needed daily in kg/d, the tank's dimensions in meters with
equal length, width and depth and the power input required in kW for a velocity gradient of 900 sec -1 for a
water temperature of 10oC.

Solution

a) the quantity of alum needed on a daily basis in kg/d,

Amount needed = Q x dose

3.8 x 103 mg x 30 mg/l {1kg/106mg x 1000l/m3}

= 114 kg/d

b) the dimensions of the tank in meters for a tank with equal length, width, and depth,

Volume = QtR

3.8 x 103 m3 m3/d x 1min {1d/1440min} = 2.64m3

V = L x W x D = 2.64m3

For a tank of equal length, width and depth, L = W = D, So

V = X3 = 2.64m3 , X = 1.4m

Therefore, L = W = D = 1.4m

c) The velocity gradient G is given as

G = (P/μV)0.5

So, P = μVG2 = 1.307 x 10-3 kg/m-s x 2.64m3(900s)2 = 2795 kg-m2/s3 =2.8kW

Note that: kg – m2/s3 = kg – m/s2(m/s) = N(m/s) = J/s = W

2. A 10m long, 3m wide and 3m deep flocculation tank has a design flow of 0.05m3/s. Three paddle wheels
achieve flocculation, each with two blades 2.5m by 0.3m, the centre line of the blades is 1m from the shaft
at mid-depth of the tank. The paddles rotate at 3 rpm, and the mean velocity of the water in the tank is ¼ of
the paddle velocity. If CD for the blades = 1.8 and the kinematic viscosity of water at 20 oC = 1.011 x 10-6
m2/s, calculate
i) The velocity differential between the blades and the water (0.23m/s)
ii) The power required for flocculation (49.3w)
iii) The flocculation time (30mm)
iv) The velocity gradient (23.3s-1)
3. 0.08m3/s of river water is passed through a chemical flocculation treatment system; retention times of the
rapid mixing chamber and flocculation tank are 30 seconds and 40minutes respectively. 25mg/l of
Aluminium Sulphate and 10mg/l of hydrated lime are required for satisfactory treatment. Determine the
chemical feed rates in kg/h and the storage needed for 30 days supply of each chemical. Let the density of
Aluminium Sulphate be 0.96g/ml, and the density of hydrated lime be 0.72g/ml.
(7.2kg/h; 2.9kg/h; 5.4m3; 2.9m3)

4. Flocculation tanks are to be designed for a total flow rate of 49,200 m3/d. The following conditions apply to
the design: water temperature of 10oC, total mean detention time of 45 min, basin depth of 3.5 m, 3 parallel
trains of flocculators (each train receives one third of the total flow), 3 flocculation stages of the same
dimensions for each train (so a total of 9 flocculators), the first stage velocity gradient (G) is 50 sec -1, the
second stage G is 35 sec-1, and the third stage G is 20 sec-1. Determine:
a. The dimensions of the tank for each stage as well as the overall dimensions, in meters,
b. the average G times detention time product (the “Gt” Camp parameter) for the overall process and
compare to the Camp criterion, and
c. the power required for each stage, in kW.

You might also like