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Mathematical Modeling in Engineering

The document discusses mathematical modeling and engineering problem-solving, particularly focusing on the dynamics of a falling parachutist using Newton's second law of motion. It provides examples of modeling the motion through differential equations and numerical methods, including the implementation of a MATLAB script for simulation. Additionally, it covers concepts such as derivatives, discretization, and matrix operations relevant to the modeling process.

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lst6123
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3 views10 pages

Mathematical Modeling in Engineering

The document discusses mathematical modeling and engineering problem-solving, particularly focusing on the dynamics of a falling parachutist using Newton's second law of motion. It provides examples of modeling the motion through differential equations and numerical methods, including the implementation of a MATLAB script for simulation. Additionally, it covers concepts such as derivatives, discretization, and matrix operations relevant to the modeling process.

Uploaded by

lst6123
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 1

Mathematical Modeling and


Engineering Problem solving
engineering problem solving process
Example 1: modeling of a falling parachutist
Problem definition
According to Newton's 2nd law of Motion
which states that “the time rate change of momentum of a body is
equal to the resulting force acting on it.”
F=ma 

dv Fdv 
F ==m 
dt mdt
 Mathematical

F = FD  modeling
FD = mg 

dv 
=g
dt 
v = gt + v0 Solution (Numerical or Experimental)
Implementation
Example 2: modeling of a falling parachutist
dv F
=
dt m

F = FD + FU
FD = mg
FU = −cv → FU = −cv n
dv mg − cv dv mg − cv n
= → =
dt m dt m

v(t ) =
gm
c
(
1 − e −( c / m )t ) v(t ) = ??
Definition of Derivative

dv v(t i + ∆t ) − v(t i ) vi +1 − vi vi +1 − vi
= lim = lim ≈
dt ∆t →0 ∆t ∆t → 0 t i +1 − t i t i +1 − t i

ti +1 = ti + ∆t
Discretization
Differential Eq.Algebraic Eq.

dv mg − cv n
=
dt m
n
vi +1 − vi mg − cvi
→ =
t i +1 − t i m
 mg − cvin 
→ vi +1 = vi + (t i +1 − t i ) 
m 
 
참고: i = i + 1
fid=fopen('[Link]','w')

m=68.1;
g=9.8; v(t ) =
gm
c
( )
1 − e −( c / m )t
c=12.5;  mg − cv ni 
vs. vi +1 = vi + (t i +1 − t i ) 
 m 
 
v=0;
dt=2;
n=1;
for t=2:dt:12
v=v+dt*(m*g-c*v^n)/m;
exact=g*m/c*(1-exp(-c/m*t));
fprintf(fid,'%.1f %12.3f %12.3f \n',t,v,exact);
end
 mg − cv ni 
v(t ) =
gm
c
(
1 − e −( c / m )t ) vs. vi +1 = vi + (t i +1 − t i )
 m


 

❖ ∆t , accuracy
computation time
memory required
Example 3
dv mg − cv n
= interval: x = 0 ~ 12
dt m
 1st step: ODE
function dvdt=ex2(t,v)
m=68.1;
n=1;
g=9.8;
c=12.5;
dvdt=(m*g-c*v^n)/m;

 2nd step: run


>> [t,v]=ode45(‘ex2’,[0 12],0);

 plot
>> plot(t,v,)
Example 4
y + 2 y + 7 y = 0 y (0) = −1, y (0) = 2

>> A=[1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 0]; >> inv(A)


>> A = ans =
1 2 3 -1.7778 0.8889 -0.1111
4 5 6 1.5556 -0.7778 0.2222
7 8 0 -0.1111 0.2222 -0.1111

>> A^2 >> A*inv(A)


ans = ans =
30 36 15 1.0000 0 -0.0000
66 81 42 -0.0000 1.0000 0
39 54 69 0.0000 -0.0000 1.0000
A=[1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 0];
A=[1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 0];
B=zeros(3)
for i=1:3
A^2
for j=1:3
for k=1:3
B(i,j)=B(i,j)+A(i,k)*A(k,j);
end
end
end
B

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