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Eco-Friendly Travel Tips Guide

The document is a guide for eco-tourists, emphasizing responsible travel practices that benefit local communities and minimize environmental impact. It suggests eating local food, staying with families, and using public transport to enhance cultural experiences and reduce harm to destinations. Additionally, it provides tips on respecting local customs and being mindful of wildlife and heritage sites.

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Ana Irina
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
24 views10 pages

Eco-Friendly Travel Tips Guide

The document is a guide for eco-tourists, emphasizing responsible travel practices that benefit local communities and minimize environmental impact. It suggests eating local food, staying with families, and using public transport to enhance cultural experiences and reduce harm to destinations. Additionally, it provides tips on respecting local customs and being mindful of wildlife and heritage sites.

Uploaded by

Ana Irina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Travel

n's Guide for Ecotou


How can you enjoy travelling without harming the places and people
you visit? Read this handy guide before you travel and pack it with the
rest of your luggage!

Don't just stick to the food in your If you make the effort to learn a bit of
luxury hotel. If you do, most of your the local language, local people will
money will go to an international hotel appreciate it. Not only does it show
chain. If you eat local food in local respect towards your hosts, but it can
restaurants, local people benefit far also make your stay more pleasant -
more! If you consume local produce, and cheaper!
not only does it benefit communities 6
financially but it also gives you a Don't take your car unless you really
chance to taste authentic local cuisine! need it. If you want to get around, take
2 the bus or walk. On the Greek island of
If you stay with a family, you will Hydra there are no motorised vehicles
help the local economy while learning at all, so if you want to get around the
about how people really live. Ordinary If you visit a church or a temple you island - and you don't want to walk -
people are often the most hospitable and should observe the local dress code. you will have to take a... donkey. If you
interesting you will ever meet. If you If, for instance, you visit a Buddhist think donkeys are impractical, why not
stay with a family, you will also learn temple, take off your shoes. Generally, try cycling? If we cycled more while on
more of the language and customs of the if you wear scruffy clothes, locals will holiday we would be healthier and the
region and get more out of your visit. think you are disrespectful. environment would be cleaner.
4
You won't bump into much of the
PLEASE TAKE country's wildlife unless you make the
effort to visit remote areas. If you get
NOTHING BUT away from the urban centres and well-
known tourist sites, you will get to see
PICTURES wild flora and fauna in their natural state.

LEAVE NOTHING
Moreover, if fewer people visited great
monuments, such as Machu Picchu or the

BUT FOOTPRINTS Parthenon, less damage would be done to


these World Heritage Sites.

Complete these statements giving advice on


how to be a responsible eco tourist. Match these definitions with the words in bold
When you travel... in the text.
1 if possible, eat 1 confront with
2 try to stay 2 like, be pleased
3 if you visit a temple or church, 3 forms of transport with wheels
4 travel around by 4 economically
5 far away
( o ) 1.13 Listen and read these paragraphs 6 untidy or dirty
from Lynn's Guide for Ecotourists and check 7 friendly, welcoming
your answers. Then write these headings in 8 have a good effect on
the correct spaces.
a What to say d Where to go FLASH FORWARD
b What to eat e How to behave Write some advice for ecovisitors to your town
c How to get about f Where to stay (what to see, where to stay, where to eat).

34
Vocabulary: Travel and transport
Zero, first and second conditional 6 Add the words in the box to the correct
If you eat in local restaurants, local people category.
benefit far more!
luxury hotels set off depart plan
If you wear scruffy clothes, locals will think day trip trek public transport
you are disrespectful. take off tent y o u t h hostel
If fewer people visited great monuments, less flight reserve package holiday
damage would be done. hovercraft ferry walking holiday
motel c o a c h rail business trip
Find more examples of these structures in the by sea round trip guesthouse

text. Underline them.


means of transport:
|] Grammar reference p. 118
actions:
4 Underline the correct form in the following types of journey:
sentences. accommodation:
1 If you book/will book the flight online,
it will/would be cheaper. Say it!
2 If you will catch/caught the ferry, it would take/
take you two hours. Complete the sentences so that they are true
for you. Then compare with a partner.
3 If we travel/travelled by public transport,
we would/won't save money. 1 If I go to the desert, I will travel by
4 We don't/wouldn't pollute the environment if because...
we travelled/will travel by bike. 2 On my summer holiday this year, I will stay
because...

© FLASHPOINT
You won't meet local people, unless you leave the
3 My favourite kind of holiday is because...
4 If I were offered a free holiday, I would go to
because...
hotel, (if you don't)
I'll take my umbrella with me, in case it rains.
(as a precaution) Critical thinking
As/So long as you study a lot, you'll do well in the
test, (on condition that) 8 In groups of four, discuss the following
Provided (that) the flight is on time, we will arrive statements.
by midnight, (only if)

We should not be flying to distant places - it is


5 Complete the sentences with unless, in case, bad for the environment.
as/so long as, provided that. More than one
answer is possible.
We should take 'staycations', holidays where
1 They won't let you through customs, we stay at home.
you have your passport.
2 I'll go by plane, I can have a window
Agree or disagree? Give your reasons.
seat.
3 You can take an extra suitcase you pay
for it.
4 Phone the airline, there's a delay.

35
Safe travel
Discuss with a partner what you would do in the following situations.
1 You see a pickpocket in action on the bus or metro.
2 You arrive at your destination and the airline has lost your luggage.
3 You are on a turbulent flight and the person next to you is very nervous.

2 1.14 You are going to listen to some tips from a travel website that provides advice to travellers.
Listen and fill in the gaps with the missing information.

a ^ o
cn I c + «

The awesome and t h e gruesome o f t r a v e H t n g k

H e r e are some tips to help you avoid


disasters on your trip
a If you are flying, make sure you check that the
(1) is on time and there are no delays
before you set off. You can either phone the
(2) or check the online departures
information. Remember you can now check-in
and get your (3) pass online, too.
b During the flight, there may be (4) . If
this happens, do up your seatbelt and keep
calm. It's quite common. The (5) crew
are there to help you.
c When you are picking up your suitcases from
the conveyor belt, make sure you don't take the
wrong (6) by mistake. Many suitcases
look very similar. If you use a bright red name
tag, it will make your case stand out from the
others.
d On arrival, if you use public (7) beware
of pickpockets. Watch your bags and make
sure they are zipped up. If you can, do not
carry large amounts of money in your pocket,
especially not in your back trouser pockets.

© 1.15 Listen to four people talking about 4 1.15 Q Listen again. Choose from the list
bad travel experiences. Which tips a-d should A - F what each speaker says. Use the letter
they remember next time? only once. There is one extra letter which you
Speaker 1 CD do not need to use.
Speaker 2 • Which speaker...
Speaker 3 • A C D was terrified?
Speaker 4 • B CD missed their holiday?
C D could't do extra shopping?
D • couldn't book a flight?
E CD had a surprise at the hotel?

36
Vocabulary: Travel
5 Write the words below in the correct column. Mixed and inverted conditionals
If I hadn't lost my case, I wouldn't have all
c o a c h driver rucksack sleeping bag traveller
these nice new clothes, would I?
reception area host lost p r o p e r t y office
harbour holdall tour guide cheque arrivals Had the flight lasted much longer, I would have
sightseer travel agent stewardess cabin crew had a heart attack.
guest holidaymaker departure lounge backpack |j Grammar reference p. 119

8 Complete these sentences with the correct


People Places Objects form of the mixed and inverted conditionals.
1 If they had not invented air travel, I
be sitting here on a beach in Kenya.
2 If it been so cheap, I wouldn't be
here now.
3 I known the country was so
beautiful, I would have booked a longer
holiday.
4 If I could cancel my flight, I , but I
would have to pay a fine.
5 I not told my boss I'd be back in a
week, I phone her today and tell her
6 Now add other words that you already know
I'm going to be late.
to the table in exercise 5.

FUNCTIONS
Expressing regret
Third conditional and wish for
If I had gone by train, I would have got there
regrets earlier!
If I hadn't lost my wallet, I would have booked I wish I hadn't flown.
another flight. If only I had gone by train.
I would have gone by bus if I had known what I felt silly when I asked for ham in a Jewish
was going to happen. restaurant...
If only I hadn't been so careless!
I wish I had stayed home!
jj Grammar reference p. 119 Write it!
7 Complete the second sentences. 9 Have you ever found yourself in an
embarrassing situation while on holiday? Write
1 I got up late. I missed my flight.
sentences using these prompts.
If I hadn't
2 I was afraid of flying. I didn't go by plane. 1 I felt ashamed when...
If I 2 If I hadn't... I wouldn't have...
3 I booked an expensive hotel. A cheap hotel 3 I felt embarrassed when I...
would have been better. 4 I wish I hadn't...
I wish I 5 I felt silly when...
4 What a fool. I didn't go to Paris with you. 6 If only I hadn't...
If only I
5 We didn't take a taxi because we didn't have Say it!
enough money.
If we 10 Work in pairs. Talk about silly mistakes you
6 I bought all these new clothes because I lost have made and give each other advice.
my suitcase. A I booked a very cheap holiday in Corfu, and
If I I wish I hadn't. The hotel was a dump, the
food was awful.
| Language development: Modal B Look, if you had spent a little more money,
verbs in conditional sentences p. 99 you would have had a better holiday.

37
Use of English
Compound nouns: Travel 5 Q For questions 1-8, use the word given in
Match these words to make compound nouns brackets to form a word that fits in each gap.
connected with travel.
A bad start
1 boarding a D crew
2 package b D maid I am not the world's most enthusiastic (1)
3 pass c • hiker (TRAVEL) but I was feeling very (2) (EXCITE)
4 guide d D pass about my first trip abroad and by the fact that this
5 guest e • book was going to be my first (3) _ (FLY) in a real
6 tourist f Q holiday aeroplane! We had booked a cheap (4) (PACK)
7 sight g D house holiday in the Costa del Sol. We were going to stay in
8 suit h D lounge luxury (5) (ACCOMMODATE) - a five-star
9 cabin i D attraction hotel. Anyway, along with twenty other people -
10 hitch j D seeing mostly foreigners - we arrived by coach at
11 departure k D case the airport and headed for the (6)
12 chamber 1 • port (DEPART) hall. The first thing we had to do
was to check in our luggage; I had a massive
2 Now write six sentences with the words (7) (SUIT) and unfortunately they
above. asked me to pay more money for the extra
weight. I felt really (8) (MISERY).
Collocations: take and go My holiday had got off to a bad start.

" take the bus, a taxi, a suitcase, your time, a


6 Match the underlined words with one of these
long time, part in, place, care of, a photo
verbs of similar meaning.
• go by car, by taxi, by air, by plane, by ship, by
sea, on foot, shopping, sightseeing escape leave the ground begin a journey
visit ring find by chance
3 Complete the sentences with take or go in the
correct form. 1 The ferry set off on time at 7.30.
1 The flight doesn't leave for another hour, so 2 The plane took off late and we missed our
your time. There's no rush! connection.
2 At the airport, I made a mistake and 3 They had never set foot in Africa before.
the wrong suitcase from the conveyor belt.
3 The local music festival place every 4 The alarm didn't go off so I missed my flight.
year in August.
4 If we to Mykonos by boat, it will 5 Try and get away from the big tourist sites.
four hours.
6 I came across an old friend when I went to
Word building: verb > noun Edinburgh.

4 Complete the missing words in this chart.


7 B Complete the gaps with the most suitable
word.
Verb Noun
The most exciting moment during a flight for me is when
depart (0) departure the plane takes (1) .I remember my first flight.
arrive (1) I had never set (2) on a plane before. You
see, if I have a choice, I prefer to travel (3)
(2) reception, receptionist
train. I don't like buses. Not only do they take a long
travel (3) (4) , but they are uncomfortable. When I travel,
accommodate (4) I like to relax and (5) my time. I hate being in
(5) attraction a hurry. I don't mind arriving later at my destination, as
cancel (6) (6) as I can get up and move around, as you
can do taking (7) train. When I arrive at the
(7) visitor
station, I take (8) metro to the hotel. I'd go
see (8) (9) foot because I like walking, but it's usually
too far to walk. I stay in small hotels in the suburbs because
I like to get (10) from the noisy city center.
Ê Language development p. 99
X
38
Flash on Grammar
First and second conditional Mixed and inverted conditionals
I Use these prompts to write sentences in the 7 Complete these sentences to make mixed and
first conditional. inverted conditionals.
1 you / go / to bed / early / feel / better 1 I known they had cancelled the flight,
2 you / use / public transport / save energy I wouldn't have to the airport.
3 she / stay / in a hotel / be / more comfortable 2 If I emigrated to Canada, my life
4 we meet / local people / stay / in a private house be different now.
5 they / help / local economy / eat / local produce 3 Had I you were coming, I have
made you a meal.
Use these prompts to write sentences in the 4 she married Paulo, her life would
second conditional. really boring now.
5 They wouldn't bought a car, if public
1 you / visit / Japan / have / a good time
transport better, but it's awful!
2 you / learn / Chinese / enjoy / the trip to
6 I you hadn't invited me to this party,
Beijing / more
I wouldn't here, would I?
3 you / travel / first-class / pay / much more
4 you / meet / famous people / go / to Hollywood | WBp.31
5 I / go / round the world / have / a million Round up!
pounds 8 Choose the first, second or third conditional of
the verbs in brackets.
3 Underline the correct option.
1 If the weather (be) cloudy, I
1 Take some more money with you unless/in (take) an umbrella. I'll see.
case you have to get a taxi back. 2 My life (be) very different, if I
2 You will enjoy the flight unless/in case there is (born) in the XIX century.
a lot of turbulence. 3 Imagine where you (travel), if you
3 I wouldn't mind going to the beach as long as/ (win) a lot of money.
in case the sea is clean. 4 If I _ (miss) the flight, I (catch)
4 Don't worry, I will arrive at the station on time, the next but I got there in time.
if/unless there are no delays. 5 If I (move) to America, I (live)
| WBp.30 in California; but that will never happen.
Third conditional 6 What you (do) if there
(be) no train tickets left? Will you take the bus?
4 Use these prompts to write sentences in the
third conditional.
9 0 Complete the gaps with one suitable word.
1 pilot /fly / lower/we / crash
2 born / 200 years ago /1 / not / go / to school
3 we / know / the hotel / be / so expensive / Hi Penny,
stay / in a tent I'm writing to you from a beautiful house by the
4 we / miss / the flight / if / arrive / fifteen sea. Why don't you (1) the next flight and
minutes later join us? If you get a cheap flight, It (2)
5 she / enjoy / the voyage / she / had / company
costyou much and you'll be here In no time.
(3) only you could see the view from my
5 Rewrite sentences 1-5 above, reversing the
order of the clauses. window! I think you (4) really love It! When
I have the time, I (5) take a photo and
6 Rewrite this information to express a regret. send it t o you. The village is very quiet. There
are no buses so (6) people want t o get
1 I missed the flight because I didn't read the
ticket properly. around the island, they (7) by donkey! We
2 We didn't book an appropriate hotel, and we walk a lot. If we (&) brought our car, we
regretted it. would have (9) able to see more of the
3 Sadly, we didn't take enough money with us! island, but it's OK. Better without. We like the
4 Next time, listen to my advice and go to Spain village. If - or when - you (10) here, you'll
for a holiday!
see why. I wish you were here!
5 I never want to go on holiday with Lisa again.

£ WBp.3i

39
Flash on Skills

USA: the beginning Listening


( ° ) 1.16 Listen to an interview from Desert
Before you read Island Discs, a popular British BBC 4 radio
Do this quiz about the origins of the United programme, and answer these questions.
States. Write T (true) or F (false). 1 What does the programme consist of?
1 The Mayflower was the name of a 2 Who is the 'castaway' in this interview?
plant in America. 3 Would Paul manage well on the island? Why?
2 The first English settlers arrived Why not?
in the New World in 1620. 4 What is Paul's hobby?
3 At first, the native Indians of 5 What does Paul want to take with him?
America attacked the visitors. 6 What does Paul disagree with?
4 The Native Americans did not
speak English.

The Mayflower
5 Americans celebrate Thanksgiving Day
on November 4th.

The journey of the Mayflower from Plymouth to America


Reading changed the history of the world.
2 Read the text and check your answers.
The Mayflower set off for the New World from Plymouth
with the first English colonists on board in 1620. The
Read the text again. Who does this information
travellers were Pilgrims (people who make a journey
refer to, the Pilgrims or the Native Americans?
in order to visit a religious site) escaping from religious
1 They wanted to find freedom. persecution and poverty. Just imagine: if there had
2 They were welcoming. been religious freedom in England at the time, the
3 They were not very practical. history of the world would be very different. There
4 They knew how to cultivate the land. might never have been a United States or, at least, it
5 They learnt new skills. probably would have been very different from how It is
6 They spoke a difficult language. today.
What kind of people were these Pilgrims to the New
4 Here are the answers to questions about the World? What did they take with them on that historic
text. Complete the missing information in the voyage? On board the Mayflower, there were tailors, a
questions. printer, merchants, shopkeepers and hatters and with
1 Why to the New World? them they carried the most useless baggage. They
They wanted to be free to practise their faith. were not very well prepared for the dangers they were
What mean? going to face. One pilgrim, William Mulllns, packed 126
Someone who travels for religious reasons. pairs of shoes and 13 pairs of boots. It would have
What with him? been more useful, if he had taken a cow or a horse;
126 pairs of shoes and 13 pairs of boots. it would have been easier to start producing food and
Why 'Captain Shrimp'? farming the land. The captain was a man with the
Because he was ver small. nickname 'Captain Shrimp' because he was so small.
What the colonists? If there had been a hunter or two on board, it would
They taught them to crops and catch have made it easier for the settlers to survive. Many
animals. died after a few weeks in the New World.
• The first Thanksgiving, by Jean Leon Gerome Ferris, 1621
Nf* vT; J R sm
- M
Culture

6 1.16 Q Listen again and complete these Speaking


notes. 7 G Now it's your turn to play Desert Island
Discs. In pairs, ask and answer these
Paul comes from a large family and he has
questions.
(1) sisters.
His parents encouraged him to become If you were a castaway on a desert island...
(2 ) . 1 which pieces of music would you take with you
Paul is making things with his (3) ; he and why?
doesn't like eating (4) but he doesn't 2 and you had to save one piece of music from
mind eating (5) the waves, which would it be?
His first record is called (6) 3 which book would you take and why?
4 which luxury would you take and why (for
example, a pillow, a notebook and pencil, a
camera, a piano, tools)?

Writing
8 Castaways sometimes keep a diary to help
them remain sane! You are going to write
your diary about life on the island. Before
you begin, take notes using these questions
as prompts (remember to make it up and use
your imagination)!
1 What is the island like? Describe the
vegetation, the weather, the animals.
2 How did it feel at first? Were you lonely? Were
you afraid?
3 What have you been doing on the island?
4 How did you manage to survive?
5 What skills have you learnt whilst on the island?
• Embarkation of the Pilgrims, by Robert Walter Weir, 1857 -
6 What will you do if you are rescued?
Brooklyn Museum

For two months, they tried to make contact with the 9 Q Now write your desert island diary.
natives, but every time they spotted any, they ran I've been alone on a desert island all alone for
away. Nobody knew the Native American language, two years.
Algonquian; It was incredibly complex and therefore
difficult to pick up. For example, this is how
they said 'how long have you been sick?': T Pilgrim Monument
Tashuckunne cummauchenaumis. in Provincetown,
Massachusetts
But then their luck changed. A miracle
happened. Two Native Americans, Samoset
and Tisquantum, became friends with the
colonists. If the colonists had not come
across these friendly Native Americans, they
would probably have perished or given up and
gone back home. Samoset and Tisquantum
showed them how to plant corn and hunt
animals. Before long, the Pilgrims were doing
very well and were celebrating their success
at Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of
November.
What happened to the Mayflower? Three
years after their arrival, the Puritans broke up
the Mayflower and used it for firewood. If they
had had any sentimental feelings about the
ship, they would have kept it. But they didn't.

41
Flashback
GRAMMAR Simple future, Future continuous,
be going to vs will for future Future perfect
Complete the mini dialogues with going to or Complete the sentences using the verbs in
will and the words in brackets. brackets in the correct future form.
1 A I'm (go) for a walk. 1 I my homework and then I'll help you
B 1 need a break. 1 (come) with you. lay the table, (finish)
2 A How's the match? 2 I might be a bit late. for me? (wait)
B Great. Look. Perilo (score)! 3 Don't call me after ten. I .
3 A When (you/leave) home? (sleep)
B When 1 get a job! 4 I until late tonight. I've got an exam
4 A What would you like to drink? in the morning, (study)
B 1 (have) a glass of mineral water, 5 By next June, I school, (leave)
please. 6 The newspaper says the concert is at nine,
5 A There's a transport strike tomorrow so there but they never start on time. I'm sure if we get
(not be) any buses. there at nine fifteen it . (start)
B That means 1 (not be able) to go
to school. Great! First conditional
6 A You don't look well, what's up?
Complete the sentences with if, unless or in
B 1 know, 1 think 1 (be) sick!
case.

will vs Present continuous for future 1 Call me you need any more information.
2 Can you let me know you are going to the
Complete the mini dialogue with will or cinema?
the Present continuous using the verbs in 3 Take some fruit you get hungry.
brackets. 4 You won't pass the exam you study.
Sally Don't forget Pete's birthday party on Friday. 5 you don't hurry up, you'll be late for
Lisa Don't worry. I (1) (forget). Are you school!
going? 6 I'll give you my email you want to write to
Sally Yes, I (2) (go) straight after work, me.
so I (3) (see) you there.
Lisa How many people do you think (4) Second and third conditional
(be) there?
Complete the sentences with a suitable form
Sally About twenty? Why?
of the words in brackets.
Lisa I (5) (make) the cake for the party,
remember! 1 If I (know) you were coming, I would
Sally Do you think you (6) (have) time to have cooked something special.
get the champagne? You (7) (buy) 2 If I could afford it, I (go) to New York
the champagne remember! for Christmas.
Lisa Don't worry. I promise I (8) (get) it 3 We would have got a table if you
today. (call) to book one.
4 He (buy) an expensive car even if he
Present simple, Present continuous, could afford one.
5 If you could go anywhere In the world, where
be going to, will for future (you/go)?
Underline the correct form of the future. 6 They (not sell) the jacket if you had
1 Don't worry, I'm sure you will pass/are passing left a deposit.
your exam. 7 If I (forget) my wallet, I would have
2 Sorry, I can't come to the cinema. I am been able to pay for my lunch.
rehearsing/will rehearse with my band tonight. 8 I (ask) my brother for a lift, if my car
3 When do you leave/will you leave for your weren't being repaired.
summer holidays?
4 I'll carry11 carry your suitcase for you.
5 The film will start/starts at 8.30.
6 I'm not going/don't go out tonight. I'm feeling
really tired, I want to get an early night.

42
Flashback
M
Third conditional and wish for regrets VOCABULARY
Complete the second sentences with a phrase
from the box.
Compound nouns: entertainment
Complete the compound nouns in the
sentences.
I
remember not say anything
leave house earlier not stay out so late 1 The film didn't do well at the box
2 Iron Man is a fiction movie.
1 My train was at nine thirty. I left the house at 3 The special in the film Inception were
nine and I missed the train. amazing!
If I 4 I enjoyed the film Argo and I bought the sound
2 I went out really late and didn't wake up in
time for my lesson.
If only I Travel
3 I said I didn't like Anna's hair. She was really
10 0 Decide which answer best fits each gap.
upset.
I wish
4 It was Liz's birthday yesterday. I forgot and did The Perfect Journey
not call her. At Wonderful Journeys Travel we know that the right
If I ,1 would have got her a (1) can make all the difference, so our hotels are
present. always comfortable and clean. We know that different
(2) have different tastes: some like to travel slowly
Round up! and (3) their time; others are in a hurry to get to their
Underline the correct option to complete the (4) . The friendly staff at Wonderful Journeys
dialogue. (5) every effort to take care of you from the moment
you arrive at the airport (6) lounge to the moment you
Joe I've decided I (1) 'm going to/will study
get back home. On (7) at your destination, there will
music. be someone to greet you and (8) you to your hotel.
Mum Yes, but you don't know anything about
music! If I were you, I (2) 'd study/will 1 A reception B accommodation
study art or graphic design. You're really C attraction D tour guide
good at it. If I (3) had/had had your talent D sightseers
2 A travellers B passengers C hikers
I'd go to art school. B pass C take D get
3 A make
Joe I want to be in a band. I (4) 'm going to/ B destination C place D attraction
4 A arrival
will be a star. D make
5 A take B do C have
Mum But you don't even play an instrument. D boarding
6 A departure B shopping C travel
Joe I've got dad's old guitar. I (5) 'II ask/am B reaching C arrival D going
7 A leaving
asking him to give me lessons. D bring
8 A carry B go C take
Mum That's crazy! If you had wanted to play the
guitar, you (6) would have done/had done SÄfe
something about it years ago!
Joe I think Dad (7) will/would be happy I have Phrasal verbs: down
made a decision. (8) Unless/In case you Complete the sentences with a word from the
stop being so negative I (9) am not going box in the correct form.
to tell/will not be telling you anything else
about my plans! break (x 2) go look get take let
Mum OK. I'm sorry! I promise I (10) will/am
1 I down the name of my hotel.
going to listen, but talk to your dad too.
2 I really hope you come and see me in my
Joe OK, I ( U ) 'm thinking/'ll think about it.
show. Don't me down.
Mum He (12) 'II be going/'II go away on
3 Stories in the news about people being killed
business tomorrow morning for ten days,
me down.
so (13) unless/if you don't speak to him
4 When she got a job as a model she started to
tonight, It'll be too late.
down on her old friends.
5 My car kept down.
6 Her audition was a disaster. She down
and cried when she came out.
7 Usain Bolt will down in history as the
fastest runner ever.

43

Common questions

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Ecotourists consider various factors when choosing transportation, aiming to balance economic and environmental impacts while enhancing their travel experience. They prefer using public transport as it is more economically efficient and has a lower environmental impact compared to private vehicles. As outlined in Source 1, options like bikes are seen as less polluting, helping in reducing carbon footprint, whereas other forms such as flights are considered more damaging due to their higher emissions . Additionally, ecotourists seek to engage with local cultures by traveling by means that allow more interaction with the community, thus contributing positively to the local economy and minimizing their environmental impact.

Ecotourists can optimize their travel experience and minimize environmental impacts by choosing eco-friendly accommodations, using public transport, and engaging in sustainable activities. Source 2 suggests staying in accommodations like small hotels in suburbs to avoid noisy city centers, promoting more tranquil experiences . Using trains over buses allows for relaxation and less discomfort while also presenting a lower environmental impact due to reduced carbon emissions. Avoiding major tourist sites and exploring less crowded areas reduces strain on popular destinations and encourages more authentic interactions with local communities, enhancing the overall travel experience while being mindful of the environment .

Balancing tourism with environmental sustainability requires a multifaceted approach that ecotourists can effectively implement through strategic decisions and behaviors. According to Source 1, engaging with local economies by dining at local restaurants or using eco-friendly transportation options like bikes or public transport reduces environmental impacts while supporting local communities. Avoiding major tourist attractions and instead visiting less-congested areas can prevent ecological degradation. Additionally, responsible accommodation choices, such as staying in local guesthouses instead of high-impact hotels, minimize resource use. Ecotourists must also practice mindful consumption and waste management, employing renewable energy sources where possible, and minimize their carbon footprint through conscientious travel planning and execution . Such strategies enable the benefit of tourism to local economies while safeguarding environmental integrity.

Ecotourists may prefer trains over other forms of transportation due to the comfort, environmental benefits, and the opportunity for leisurely travel they provide. Trains are favored for their ability to allow passengers to move around freely and relax, as suggested in Source 2, where the author notes a preference for train travel that provides a low-carbon footprint alternative to buses and planes . This aligns with sustainable travel goals, minimizing environmental impact while maximizing comfort and enjoyment, making trains an attractive option for eco-conscious travelers who value both the journey and the destination.

Conditional structures, such as first, second, and third conditionals, help ecotourists convey different scenarios and outcomes by allowing them to express future possibilities, hypothetical situations, and past regrets. For example, using the first conditional, ecotourists can state, 'If you eat in local restaurants, local people benefit far more!' This structure discusses a future result based on a present condition . Second conditionals can be used to talk about unlikely or hypothetical situations, as in 'If fewer people visited great monuments, less damage would be done,' showing how an unreal situation in the present could lead to a different current outcome. Third conditionals are used for past hypothetical scenarios, such as 'If I had known the hotel was so expensive, I would have stayed in a tent,' reflecting on alternative outcomes had the past been different . These structures offer flexibility in planning and reflecting on travel decisions.

Choosing local produce has a positive impact on local economies by directing spending towards community businesses, thereby fostering economic growth and sustainability. Source 1 emphasizes that eating in local restaurants helps local communities benefit economically much more than patronizing international chains or importing food . This action supports local farmers and businesses, promotes sustainability by reducing the carbon footprint associated with importing goods, and strengthens the local food system. For ecotourists, such choices reflect a commitment to sustainable tourism practices and can enrich their travel experiences by allowing them to engage more meaningfully with the host culture.

Conditionals play a crucial role in planning sustainable travel itineraries by articulating various scenarios and their potential outcomes, facilitating decision-making for responsible travel. Source 1 provides examples where conditionals are used to explore different travel choices: 'If we travel by public transport, we would save money' illustrates how the second conditional can present hypothetical savings through sustainable options. Meanwhile, 'Provided that the flight is on time, we will arrive by midnight' uses the first conditional to plan for future contingencies . These grammatical structures help travelers anticipate and plan for both expected and unforeseen scenarios, ensuring that sustainability and practicality are considered when making travel plans.

Third conditional sentences are used to express hypothetical situations that did not happen, focusing on regrets or missed opportunities. In a travel context, these structures allow individuals to reflect on different outcomes that could have occurred if past actions had been different. For example, 'If I had left the house earlier, I would not have missed the train' expresses a traveler’s regret about not allowing enough time, illustrating how a simple change in the past could prevent a negative outcome in the present . Similarly, 'If we had known the hotel was so expensive, we would have stayed in a tent' highlights a decision that could have led to a different experience . These sentences offer a grammatical framework for analyzing and understanding the implications of these missed opportunities.

The choice of accommodation significantly impacts an ecotourist's experience and environmental footprint. Staying in accommodations like small hotels in the suburbs is recommended as they not only avoid the chaotic, noisy city centers but are often more sustainable and reflective of local culture . Such choices can enhance the travel experience by providing more peaceful and authentic local engagements, while also reducing the environmental footprint associated with large, resource-intensive properties often found in urban centers. By opting for smaller, locally managed accommodations, ecotourists can contribute to local economies and enjoy a deeper cultural and community-centric experience.

Dressing appropriately is vital in ecotourism as it shows respect for local cultures and communities, which can significantly affect locals' perception of tourists. Inappropriate dressing, such as wearing scruffy clothes, might lead locals to perceive tourists as disrespectful, impacting the relationship between them and potentially affecting the sustainability of tourism activities . Conversely, dressing in a way that aligns with local customs demonstrates cultural sensitivity, fostering positive interactions and enhancing the overall ecotourism experience.

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