Hashcat
Hashcat is a password recovery tool. It had a proprietary code
base until 2015, but was then released as open source software. Hashcat
Versions are available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. Examples Developer(s) Jens 'atom'
of hashcat-supported hashing algorithms are LM hashes, MD4, Steube,
MD5, SHA-family and Unix Crypt formats as well as algorithms Gabriele
used in MySQL and Cisco PIX. 'matrix'
Gristina
Hashcat has been publicly noticed because of its optimizations;
partly based on flaws in other software discovered by the creator of Stable release 6.2.6 /
hashcat. An example was a flaw in 1Password's password manager 3 September
hashing scheme.[1] It has also been compared to similar software in 2022
a Usenix publication[2] and been described on Ars technica.[3] Repository [Link]
/hashcat
Variants /hashcat (http
s://[Link]/
Previously, two variants of hashcat existed: hashcat/hashc
at)
hashcat - CPU-based password recovery tool
Operating system Cross-platform
oclHashcat/cudaHashcat - GPU-accelerated tool
(OpenCL or CUDA) Type Password
cracking
With the release of hashcat v3.00, the GPU and CPU tools were
License MIT License
merged into a single tool called hashcat. The CPU-only version
became hashcat-legacy.[4] Both CPU and GPU now require Website [Link]
OpenCL. .net ([Link]
[Link]/)
Many of the algorithms supported by hashcat-legacy (such as
MD5, SHA1, and others) can be cracked in a shorter time with the GPU-based hashcat.[5] However, not all
algorithms can be accelerated by GPUs. Bcrypt is an example of this. Due to factors such as data-dependent
branching, serialization, and memory (and more), oclHashcat/cudaHashcat weren't catchall replacements for
hashcat-legacy.
hashcat-legacy is available for Linux, OSX and Windows. hashcat is available for macOS, Windows, and
Linux with GPU, CPU and generic OpenCL support which allows for FPGAs and other accelerator cards.
Sample output
$ hashcat -d 2 -a 0 -m 400 -O -w 4 [Link] [Link]
hashcat (v5.1.0) starting...
OpenCL Platform #1: Intel(R) Corporation
========================================
* Device #1: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2500K CPU @ 3.30GHz, skipped.
OpenCL Platform #2: NVIDIA Corporation
======================================
* Device #2: GeForce GTX 970, 1010/4041 MB allocatable, 13MCU
* Device #3: GeForce GTX 750 Ti, skipped.
Hashes: 1 digests; 1 unique digests, 1 unique salts
Bitmaps: 16 bits, 65536 entries, 0x0000ffff mask, 262144 bytes, 5/13 rotates
Rules: 1
Applicable optimizers:
* Optimized-Kernel
* Zero-Byte
* Single-Hash
* Single-Salt
Minimum password length supported by kernel: 0
Maximum password length supported by kernel: 55
Watchdog: Temperature abort trigger set to 90c
Dictionary cache hit:
* Filename..: [Link]
* Passwords.: 128416
* Bytes.....: 1069601
* Keyspace..: 128416
The wordlist or mask that you are using is too small.
This means that hashcat cannot use the full parallel power of your device(s).
Unless you supply more work, your cracking speed will drop.
For tips on supplying more work, see: [Link]
Approaching final keyspace - workload adjusted.
$H$9y5boZ2wsUlgl2tI6b5PrRoADzYfXD1:hash234
Session..........: hashcat
Status...........: Cracked
[Link]........: phpass, WordPress (MD5), phpBB3 (MD5), Joomla (MD5)
[Link]......: $H$9y5boZ2wsUlgl2tI6b5PrRoADzYfXD1
[Link].....: Thu Apr 25 05:10:35 2019 (0 secs)
[Link]...: Thu Apr 25 05:10:35 2019 (0 secs)
[Link].......: File ([Link])
[Link]......: 1/1 (100.00%)
Speed.#2.........: 2654.9 kH/s (22.24ms) @ Accel:128 Loops:1024 Thr:1024 Vec:1
Recovered........: 1/1 (100.00%) Digests, 1/1 (100.00%) Salts
Progress.........: 128416/128416 (100.00%)
Rejected.........: 0/128416 (0.00%)
[Link]....: 0/128416 (0.00%)
[Link].#2...: Salt:0 Amplifier:0-1 Iteration:1024-2048
Candidates.#2....: 0 -> zzzzzzzzzzz
[Link].#2..: Temp: 44c Fan: 40% Util: 50% Core:1265MHz Mem:3004MHz Bus:8
Started: Thu Apr 25 05:10:32 2019
Stopped: Thu Apr 25 05:10:37 2019
Attack types
Hashcat offers multiple attack modes for obtaining effective and complex coverage over a hash's keyspace.
These modes are:
Brute-force attack[6]
Combinator attack[7]
Dictionary attack[8]
Fingerprint attack
Hybrid attack[9]
Mask attack[10]
Permutation attack
Rule-based attack[11]
Table-Lookup attack (CPU only)
Toggle-Case attack[12]
PRINCE attack[13] (in CPU version 0.48 and higher only)
The traditional bruteforce attack is considered outdated, and the Hashcat core team recommends the Mask-
Attack as a full replacement.
Competitions
Team Hashcat[14] (the official team of the Hashcat software composed of core Hashcat members) won first
place in the KoreLogic "Crack Me If you Can" Competitions at DefCon in 2010,[15] 2012, 2014,[16]
2015,[17] and 2018, and at DerbyCon in 2017.
See also
Free and open-
source software
portal
Brute-force attack
Brute-force search
Hacker (computer security)
Hacking tool
Openwall Project
Password cracking
References
1. "On hashcat and strong Master Passwords as your best protection" ([Link]
m/2013/04/16/1password-hashcat-strong-master-passwords/). Passwords. Agile Bits. 16
April 2013.
2. Ur, Blase (12 August 2015). "Measuring Real-World Accuracies and Biases in Modeling
Password Guessability" ([Link]
[Link]) (PDF). Proceedings of the 24th USENIX Security Symposium.
3. Goodin, Dan (26 August 2013). " "thereisnofatebutwhatwemake" - Turbo-charged cracking
comes to long passwords" ([Link]
ofatebutwhatwemake-turbo-charged-cracking-comes-to-long-passwords/). Ars Technica.
Retrieved 21 July 2020.
4. "hashcat v3.00" ([Link] Hashcat. Hashcat project. 29
June 2016.
5. "Recent Developments in Password Cracking" ([Link]
2/09/recent_developm_1.html). Passwords. Bruce Schneier. 19 September 2012.
6. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
7. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
8. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
9. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
10. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
11. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
12. "Hashcat [hashcat wiki]" ([Link]
odes).
13. "PRINCE: modern password guessing algorithm" ([Link]
[Link]) (PDF). Hashcat site. Hashcat. 8 December 2014.
14. Team Hashcat ([Link]
15. " "Crack Me If You Can" - DEFCON 2010" ([Link]
html). [Link]. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
16. "Crack Me If You Can 2014 Contest" ([Link] KoreLogic
Security.
17. "Another trophy in the Pocket! Win @ CMIYC contest 2015" ([Link]
-[Link]). [Link]. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
External links
Official website ([Link]
A guide to password cracking with Hashcat ([Link]
ord_cracking_with_Hashcat/)
Talk: Confessions of a crypto cluster operator ([Link]
erbycon5/the-3-way21-confessions-of-a-crypto-cluster-operator-dustin-heywood) based on
oclHashcat at Derbycon 2015
Talk: Hashcat state of the union ([Link]
-hashcat-state-of-the-union-evilmog) at Derbycon 2016
Retrieved from "[Link]