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Vector Algebra and Calculus Overview

The document discusses key concepts in vector algebra and vector calculus, including line integrals, surface integrals, and volume integrals. It defines the circulation of a vector field, divergence, and curl, providing mathematical expressions for each. Additionally, it references a textbook for further reading on electromagnetics.

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tirthankardatta904
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9 views7 pages

Vector Algebra and Calculus Overview

The document discusses key concepts in vector algebra and vector calculus, including line integrals, surface integrals, and volume integrals. It defines the circulation of a vector field, divergence, and curl, providing mathematical expressions for each. Additionally, it references a textbook for further reading on electromagnetics.

Uploaded by

tirthankardatta904
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

VECTOR ALGEBRA AND VECTOR

CALCULUS
LINE INTEGRAL-
The line integral ‫𝐴 ׬‬. 𝑑𝑙 is the integral of the tangential component of A
along curve L. Given a vector A and a curve L, we define the integral
b
   [Link]   A cos  dl .
a
L

𝜓 = ර 𝐴. 𝑑𝑙 is called
𝐿

the circulation of A around L


SURFACE INTEGRAL-
Given a vector field A, continuous in a region containing the smooth surface S,
surface integral or the flux of A through S as

   [Link] represents net outward flux of A from S


s

Surface
VOLUME INTEGRAL-the scalar  over the volume v is

  dv
v
DEL OPERATOR-
  
  ax  a y  az
x y z

V V V
V  ax  ay  az
x y z
DIVERGENCE OF A VECTOR- the divergence of A at a given point P
is the outward flux per unit volume as the volume shrinks about P.

‫𝑆𝑑 · 𝐴 ׯ‬ ………(6)
𝑑𝑖𝑣𝐴 = 𝛻 · 𝐴 = lim𝛻𝑣→0
𝛥𝑣

From the definition we have


CURL OF A VECTOR-the curl of A is
an axial (rotational) vector whose
magnitude is the maximum circulation of
A per unit area as the area tends to zero
and whose direction is the normal direction
of the area when the area is oriented so as
to make the circulation maximum.

…………(7)

from the definition of the curl of A

ර 𝐴 · 𝑑𝑙 = න 𝛻 × 𝐴 . 𝑑𝑆 …………(8)
𝐿 𝑆
REFERENCES

 MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU, Elements of Electromagnetics,


Oxford University Press,4th edition,2007,New Delhi, India.

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