True / False

1. A dressing is used to secure a bandage in place and to apply pressure to bleeding wounds. False
2. Back blows is inward and upward thrusts just above the navel, used in combination with back
blows to force the object out of the airway when a person is choking. False
3. During abdominal injury, the first aid care can replace protruding intestines or abdominal organs
in side and cover with sterile dressings. False
4. Compression-only CPR is a CPR technique that involves giving continuous chest compressions,
with no rescue breaths. True
5. A hard blow to the head can injure the brain or spinal cord even when there are no visible signs of
trauma to the scalp or face. True

What if… I am trying to help a conscious choking person who is much taller than me and I am having
trouble finding the correct landmarks for back blows and abdominal thrusts? In this situation what do you
do? You can then?

If the person to whom you are trying to give back blows and abdominal thrusts is much taller than you
are, and he or she has consented to care, in a calm and reassuring voice have the person kneel down. You
can then begin giving 5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts until the airway obstruction is
dislodged.

You are on a camping trip, and your friend Joe is starting to clean a fish he caught for dinner. Suddenly,
the knife slips and cuts his arm deeply. While the blood does not come gushing out, the blood does start
to flow steadily from the wound. You are bothered a bit by the sight of it, but you know you need to help.
You take a deep breath, control your emotions and go to Joe’s side.

1. From the description, would you suspect that Joe’s bleeding is a result of an injury to an artery, a vein
or capillaries? Why? -The bleeding from Joe’s wound is probably from a vein. The blood is flowing
rather than spurting. Spurting would indicate that the bleeding is from an artery

2. How could Joe’s situation become life threatening? If not controlled, severe bleeding can reduce the
blood volume in the body and become life threatening. An adequate amount of blood is needed to
maintain the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the body, particularly to the vital organs.

3. What precautions should you use to minimize the risk of disease transmission while giving care? 3.
You should use a barrier, such as disposable gloves or plastic wrap. If these items are not available, you
can also use a clean folded cloth or have Joe use his hand to control the bleeding. You should also wash
your hands after giving care even if you wore gloves

You arrive at the local convenience store late Saturday night to satisfy your frozen yogurt craving. As you
enter, you notice drops of blood on the floor. A robbery has just occurred—the store clerk appears to have
been beaten and stabbed. He is conscious but in considerable pain and is having trouble breathing. You
hear a sucking sound coming from his chest when he breathes.

6. What type of injury does the person have? A sucking chest wound
7. Identify the signals that support your answer to question. Trouble breathing; severe pain at the site of
the injury; a sucking sound when person breathes

8. Describe the steps you would take to help this person. Call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number; cover
the wound with a large occlusive dressing, taping the dressing in place except for one side or corner than
remains loose; monitor the person’s breathing; take steps to minimize shock.

2. Match each term with the correct definition (10)

A. Cardiac arrest B. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation C. Choking D. Respiratory arrest

E. Respiratory distress F. Anatomical airway obstruction G. Concussion H. First aid I. Contusion

J. Internal bleeding K. Tourniquet L. External bleeding M. Open wound N. Closed wound

1. ____The escape of blood from an artery, vein or capillary into spaces inside the body

2. ____Occurs when the airway is blocked by the tongue or swollen tissues of the mouth and throat

3. ____Injury resulting in tissue damage beneath the skin’s surface, while the skin remains intact

4. ____Condition that results when the heart stops beating or weakly to circulate blood

5. ____Condition in which breathing stops

6. ____Condition in which breathing becomes difficult

7. ____Blockage of the airway that prevents air from reaching a person’s lungs

8. ____A tight band placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels in order to stop blood flow to

a wound

9. ____A temporary loss of brain function caused by a blow to the head

10. ____A combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths

1. Which is the purpose of CPR?

a. To keep a person’s airway open

b. To identify any immediate threats to life
c. To supply the vital organs with blood containing oxygen
d. All of the above

2. Care for people in respiratory distress always includes which of the following?

a. Helping the person rest in a comfortable position

 b. Giving the person water to drink
c. Giving rescue breaths
d. Delivering abdominal thrusts

2. A woman is choking on a piece of candy but is conscious and coughing forcefully. What should you
do?

a. Slap her on the back until she coughs up the object.

b. Give abdominal thrusts.
c. Encourage her to continue coughing.
d. Perform a check at the back of the throat.

3. What should you do for a conscious infant who is choking and cannot cry, cough or breathe?

a. Give back blows and chest thrusts.

b. Give 1 rescue breath.
c. Give abdominal thrusts.
d. Lower the infant to the floor and open the airway.

4. After checking for consciousness, you determine that the person is unconscious. What should you do next?

a. Have a bystander call 911 or the local emergency number.

b. Give 2 rescue breaths.
c. Check for breathing and severe bleeding.
d. Begin a check for non-life-threatening conditions.

5. When you give rescue breaths, how much air should you breathe into the person?

A. Enough to make the stomach clearly rise

B. Enough to make the chest clearly rise
C. Enough to fill the person’s cheeks
D. As much as you can breathe in 2 seconds

6. At the scene of a car crash, a person has blood seeping from his ears. Which should you do?

a. Loosely cover the ears with a sterile dressing.

b. Do nothing; this is a normal finding in a head injury.
c. Collect the fluid in a sterile container for analysis.
d. Pack the ears with sterile dressings to prevent further fluid loss.

7. Which is your primary concern when caring for an injury to the neck?

A. Infection B. Airway obstruction C. swelling D. Scarring

8. Which one of the following statement is true about Contusions?

A. Caused by a blunt force trauma that damage tissue under the skin
B. Caused by a blunt force trauma that not damage tissue under the skin
C. Caused by a penetrating force trauma that damage tissue under the skin
D. None of the above
12. Which statement applies to all open wounds?

A. They always bleed heavily.

B. They are at risk for infection.
C. They must always be cleaned immediately before bleeding is controlled.
D. They are life threatening.

15. A 6-year-old girl falls on a sharp object. The object is sticking out of her leg. What should you do?

A. Allow the area to bleed freely.

A. Remove the object and control bleeding.
B. Wash the wound with soap and water.
C. Stabilize the object in the position in which you find it

Which are among the most common causes of serious head, neck and spinal injury? a. b. Motor vehicle
accidents Sports-related injuries c. d. Falls All of the above

6. What is the purpose of your initial check of the person?

a. To check for minor injuries

b. To determine whether any life-threatening conditions are present
c. To get consent from the person before giving care
d. To ask for information about the cause of the injury or illness

11. Which is the purpose of CPR?

a. To keep a person’s airway open

b. To identify any immediate threats to life
c. To supply the vital organs with blood containing oxygen
d. All of the above
11. You feel a sudden sharp pain in the bottom of your left foot. You look at the bottom of your left shoe
and see a tack sticking in your shoe. What type of wound do you probably have?
A. Avulsion B. Bruise C. Scrape D. Puncture

1. Describe how to control severe external bleeding.

2. List five signals of severe internal bleeding.
3. List five signals of infection.
4. List and briefly describe six types of open wounds.
5. List three causes of choking in children.
Bonus (2%)

Good Samaritan laws: laws that protect people against claims of negligence when they give emergency
care in good faith without accepting anything in return

2. Circle four signals associated with respiratory distress that you find in the following scenario. When
Rita walked into Mr. Boyd’s office, she found him collapsed across his desk. His eyes were closed but
she could hear him breathing, making a high whistling noise. He was flushed, sweating and seemed to be
trembling uncontrollably. When he heard Rita, he raised his head a little. “My chest hurts,” he gasped,
“and I feel dizzy and can’t seem to catch my breath.” He looked frightened.