Coordinate Geometry & Circle

The diagram shows a rectangle ABCD, where A is (3, 2) and B is (1, 6).

(i) Find the equation of BC. [4]

Given that the equation of AC is y
x  1, find

(ii) the coordinates of C, [2]
(iii) the perimeter of the rectangle ABCD. [3]
Ans: (i) 2y=x+11 (ii) C(13, 12) (ii) 35.8
2
y

y = 3x − 20
x + 1
2 + y − 2
2 = 85

A
C
x
O

The circle with equation x + 1
2 + y − 2
2 = 85 and the straight line with equation y = 3x − 20 are
shown in the diagram. The line intersects the circle at A and B, and the centre of the circle is at C.

(a) Find, by calculation, the coordinates of A and B. [4]

(b) Find an equation of the circle which has its centre at C and for which the line with equation
y = 3x − 20 is a tangent to the circle. [4]
3 The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + 6x − 2y − 26 = 0.

(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of the circle and the radius. Hence find the coordinates of the
lowest point on the circle. [4]
(b) Find the set of values of the constant k for which the line with equation y = kx − 5 intersects the
circle at two distinct points. [6]

4 The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + ax + by − 12 = 0. The points A 1, 1
and B 2, −6
lie on the

circle.

(a) Find the values of a and b and hence find the coordinates of the centre of the circle. [4]

(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle at the point A, giving your answer in the form
px + qy = k, where p, q and k are integers. [4]

5
y

B 0, 2

O P
x

x − 2
2 + y + 4
2 = 20

The diagram shows the circle with equation x − 2
2 + y + 4
2 = 20 and with centre C. The point B
has coordinates 0, 2
and the line segment BC intersects the circle at P.

(a) Find the equation of BC. [2]

(b) Hence find the coordinates of P, giving your answer in exact form. [5]
6 The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 − 4x + 6y − 77 = 0.

(a) Find the x-coordinates of the points A and B where the circle intersects the x-axis. [2]

(b) Find the point of intersection of the tangents to the circle at A and B. [6]

7 Points A and B have coordinates 8, 3
and p, q
respectively. The equation of the perpendicular
bisector of AB is y = −2x + 4.

Find the values of p and q. [4]

8 The point A has coordinates 1, 5
and the line l has gradient − 23 and passes through A. A circle has

centre 5, 11
and radius 52.

(a) Show that l is the tangent to the circle at A. [2]


(b) Find the equation of the other circle of radius 52 for which l is also the tangent at A. [3]

9 Points A −2, 3
, B 3, 0
and C 6, 5
lie on the circumference of a circle with centre D.

(a) Show that angle ABC = 90Å. [2]

(b) Hence state the coordinates of D. [1]
(c) Find an equation of the circle. [2]

The point E lies on the circumference of the circle such that BE is a diameter.

(d) Find an equation of the tangent to the circle at E. [5]

10 A circle with centre 5, 2
passes through the point 7, 5
.

(a) Find an equation of the circle. [2]

The line y = 5x − 10 intersects the circle at A and B.

(b) Find the exact length of the chord AB. [7]

11 A circle has centre at the point B 5, 1
. The point A −1, −2
lies on the circle.

(a) Find the equation of the circle. [3]

Point C is such that AC is a diameter of the circle. Point D has coordinates 5, 16
.

(b) Show that DC is a tangent to the circle. [4]

The other tangent from D to the circle touches the circle at E.

(c) Find the coordinates of E. [2]

12
y

B
P

A
x
O

The diagram shows the circle with equation x2 + y2 − 6x + 4y − 27 = 0 and the tangent to the circle at
the point P 5, 4
.

(a) The tangent to the circle at P meets the x-axis at A and the y-axis at B.

Find the area of triangle OAB, where O is the origin. [5]

(b) Points Q and R also lie on the circle, such that PQR is an equilateral triangle.

Find the exact area of triangle PQR. [3]

2 2
13 The line y = 2x + 5 intersects the circle with equation x + y = 20 at A and B.

(a) Find the coordinates of A and B in surd form and hence find the exact length of the chord AB.
[7]
A straight line through the point 10, 0
with gradient m is a tangent to the circle.

(b) Find the two possible values of m. [5]

14 A circle with centre C has equation x − 8
2 + y − 4
2 = 100.

(a) Show that the point T −6, 6
is outside the circle. [3]

Two tangents from T to the circle are drawn.

(b) Show that the angle between one of the tangents and CT is exactly 45Å. [2]
The two tangents touch the circle at A and B.

(c) Find the equation of the line AB, giving your answer in the form y = mx + c. [4]
(d) Find the x-coordinates of A and B. [3]
15 The coordinates of the points A and B are −1, −2
and 7, 4
respectively.

(a) Find the equation of the circle, C, for which AB is a diameter. [4]

(b) Find the equation of the tangent, T , to circle C at the point B. [4]

(c) Find the equation of the circle which is the reflection of circle C in the line T . [3]

16 The equation of a circle with centre C is x2 + y2 − 8x + 4y − 5 = 0.

(a) Find the radius of the circle and the coordinates of C. [3]

The point P 1, 2
lies on the circle.

(b) Show that the equation of the tangent to the circle at P is 4y = 3x + 5. [3]

The point Q also lies on the circle and PQ is parallel to the x-axis.

(c) Write down the coordinates of Q. [2]

The tangents to the circle at P and Q meet at T .

(d) Find the coordinates of T . [3]

17 (a) The coordinates of two points A and B are −7, 3
and 5, 11
respectively.

Show that the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB is 3x + 2y = 11. [4]

(b) A circle passes through A and B and its centre lies on the line 12x − 5y = 70.

Find an equation of the circle. [5]

18
y
C h, 3h
D

B
0, 2

x
O A 4, 0

The diagram shows a trapezium ABCD in which the coordinates of A, B and C are 4, 0
, 0, 2
and
h, 3h
respectively. The lines BC and AD are parallel, angle ABC = 90Å and CD is parallel to the
x-axis.

(i) Find, by calculation, the value of h. [3]

34 Rudra Prasad Pandey

 (ii) Hence find the coordinates of D. [3]

19 Two points A and B have coordinates 1, 3
and 9, −1
respectively. The perpendicular bisector of
AB intersects the y-axis at the point C. Find the coordinates of C. [5]

20 The point M is the mid-point of the line joining the points 3, 7
and −1, 1
. Find the equation of the
x y
line through M which is parallel to the line + = 1. [4]
3 2

21 Two points A and B have coordinates 3a, −a
and −a, 2a
respectively, where a is a positive
constant.

(i) Find the equation of the line through the origin parallel to AB. [2]

(ii) The length of the line AB is 3 13 units. Find the value of a. [3]

22 Two points A and B have coordinates −1, 1
and 3, 4
respectively. The line BC is perpendicular to
AB and intersects the x-axis at C.

(i) Find the equation of BC and the x-coordinate of C. [4]

(ii) Find the distance AC, giving your answer correct to 3 decimal places. [2]

23
y
B

A
0, 4

x
O C 8, 0

The diagram shows a kite OABC in which AC is the line of symmetry. The coordinates of A and C
are 0, 4
and 8, 0
respectively and O is the origin.

(i) Find the equations of AC and OB. [4]

(ii) Find, by calculation, the coordinates of B. [3]

24 Points A and B have coordinates h, h
and 4h + 6, 5h
respectively. The equation of the perpendicular
bisector of AB is 3x + 2y = k. Find the values of the constants h and k. [7]

25 The coordinates of points A and B are −3k − 1, k + 3
and k + 3, 3k + 5
respectively, where k is a

constant (k ≠ −1).

(i) Find and simplify the gradient of AB, showing that it is independent of k. [2]

(ii) Find and simplify the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB. [5]

26 The point A has coordinates −2, 6
. The equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line AB is
2y = 3x + 5.

(i) Find the equation of AB. [3]

(ii) Find the coordinates of B. [3]

27 A −1, 1
and P a, b
are two points, where a and b are constants. The gradient of AP is 2.

(i) Find an expression for b in terms of a. [2]

(ii) B 10, −1
is a third point such that AP = AB. Calculate the coordinates of the possible positions
of P. [6]

28 C is the mid-point of the line joining A 14, −7
to B −6, 3
. The line through C perpendicular to AB
crosses the y-axis at D.

(i) Find the equation of the line CD, giving your answer in the form y = mx + c. [4]

(ii) Find the distance AD. [2]

29 Three points, A, B and C, are such that B is the mid-point of AC. The coordinates of A are 2, m
and
the coordinates of B are n, −6
, where m and n are constants.

(i) Find the coordinates of C in terms of m and n. [2]

The line y = x + 1 passes through C and is perpendicular to AB.

(ii) Find the values of m and n. [5]

30 Three points have coordinates A 0, 7
, B 8, 3
and C 3k, k
. Find the value of the constant k for
which
(i) C lies on the line that passes through A and B, [4]
(ii) C lies on the perpendicular bisector of AB. [4]

31 Triangle ABC has vertices at A −2, −1
, B 4, 6
and C 6, −3
.

(i) Show that triangle ABC is isosceles and find the exact area of this triangle. [6]

(ii) The point D is the point on AB such that CD is perpendicular to AB. Calculate the x-coordinate
of D. [6]
32 The line with gradient −2 passing through the point P 3t, 2t
intersects the x-axis at A and the y-axis
at B.

(i) Find the area of triangle AOB in terms of t. [3]

The line through P perpendicular to AB intersects the x-axis at C.

(ii) Show that the mid-point of PC lies on the line y = x. [4]

33 Points A, B and C have coordinates A −3, 7
, B 5, 1
and C −1, k
, where k is a constant.

(i) Given that AB = BC, calculate the possible values of k. [3]

The perpendicular bisector of AB intersects the x-axis at D.

(ii) Calculate the coordinates of D. [5]

34 A is the point
a, 2a − 1 and B is the point
2a + 4, 3a + 9, where a is a constant.

(i) Find, in terms of a, the gradient of a line perpendicular to AB. [3]


(ii) Given that the distance AB is
260, find the possible values of a. [4]

Answers

Coordinate Geometry:
(2) (8, 4) (5.-5) Equation of circle is ( x + 1)2 + ( y − 2 )2 = 62 12 (3) (a) (-3, 1) 6 (-3, -5) (b) k<0 & k>4/3
(4) (a) a=4, b=6 (-2, -3) (b) 4y+3x=7 (5) (a) y= 2-3x (b x  2  2 , y  3 2  4 (6) (a) -7 & 11 (b) (2, 27)

(7) -4 & -3 (8) Equation is (x + 3)2 + (y + 1) = 52 (9) (b) (2, 4) (c) ( x − 2 )2 + ( y − 4 )2 = 17 (d) 4y=x+23
2

(10) (a) Equation of circle is ( x − 5)2 + ( y − 2 )2 = 13 (b) AB = 26 (11) (a) (x − 5)² + (y − 1)² = 45 or (-1, 4)
1
(14) y=7x-2, 0, 2 (15) Equation of C is ( x − 3) + ( y − 1) = 25
2 2
(12) (a) 289/6 (b) 30 3 (13) rt 60, m = ±
2
(b) 3y+4x=40 (c) equation is ( x − 11) + ( y − 7 ) = 25 (16) (4, -2), 5 (c) (7, 2) (d) (4, 14/4)
2 2

(17) (x − 5) + ( y + 2 ) = 169 (18) h=2, (7, 6) (19) (0, -9) (20) y-4=-2/3(x-1) (21) 4y=-3x, a=2/3 (22) x=6, 7.071
2 2

(23) 2y=-x+4, y=2x, (3.2, 6.4) (24) 2, 36 (25) 1/2, y+2x=6 (26) 3y+2x=14, (4,2) (27) b=2a+3, a=4, -6 b=11, -9
(28) y=2x-10, 14.3 (29) (2n-2, -m-12) -9, -1 (30) 2.8, 0.6 (31) 34, 2/5 (32) 16tsq (33) k=-7 & 9, (-2, 0)
(34) -(a+4)/(a+10), a=4 &10