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Dustless Refuse Collector Guidelines

Refuse is defined as solid waste and includes various types such as street, market, domestic, industrial refuse, and stable litter. Health hazards associated with refuse include water pollution, food contamination, and attraction of pests, necessitating proper storage and disposal methods like controlled tipping, incineration, composting, and burial. The document outlines the drawbacks of open dumping and recommends dustless refuse collectors for improved environmental hygiene.

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12 views2 pages

Dustless Refuse Collector Guidelines

Refuse is defined as solid waste and includes various types such as street, market, domestic, industrial refuse, and stable litter. Health hazards associated with refuse include water pollution, food contamination, and attraction of pests, necessitating proper storage and disposal methods like controlled tipping, incineration, composting, and burial. The document outlines the drawbacks of open dumping and recommends dustless refuse collectors for improved environmental hygiene.

Uploaded by

tejasshingne208
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Refuse Disposal

Definition –
Refuse – It is a solid waste.
Types –
[Link] refuse
[Link] refuse
[Link] refuse – Ash
4Rubbish Garbage
[Link] refuse
[Link] litter

Health Hazards of Refuse –


 Pollution of Water/so
 Contamination of food through dust and flies
 Decomposed refuse favours propagation of house flies/breeding Attracts rodents
and vermin
 Nuisance by sight and smell

Storage
Collection – (environmental Hygiene Committee)
 House to house
 Public bins
Open carts for collection have been banned
DUSTLESS REFUSE COLLECTOR ARE RECOMMENED

Methods of Disposal –
[Link] – refuse is dumped in low lying areas partly as a method of reclamation
of land.
Bacterial action refuse decreases in volume – humus – cultivation
Drawbacks of open dumping –
-Exposed of flies and rodents
-Nuisance & unsightly
-Dispersed by action of wind
-Pollution of surface & ground water
-PUBLIC HEALTH COMMITTEE – 1967 – INSANITORY METHOD

[Link] tipping –
Controlled tipping or sanitary landfill – satisfactory method of refuse disposal,
covered with earth.
Three methods –
•Trench method -6 -12 ft. deep & 12 -36 ft.-1acre land /10,000 population.
•Ramp Method – sloping is there
•The area method – used to filling land depression ,disused quarries & clay 2-2.5 ft. –
each layer is covered with 30 cm mud.
60degree temp. – 7days – 2 – 3 weeks to cool – 4 – 6 months
[Link] –
-Hygienically
-If suitable land is not available Hospital waste
-Industrialized countries where suitable land is not available Not used in India – ash
-Separation of ash & dust is needed
-Heavy out lay , expenditure & manipulative difficulties are for it’s use.

[Link] –
- Refuse ,nightsoil or sullage
- Organic matter break down by bacterial action – Moist , Co2 & heat – destroys
eggs ,larvae , seeds & pathogenic organism – compost
Methods of composting used –

A)Bangalore Method (anaerobic Method) – 800 meters away from city


-Trench 3ft. deep x 5-8 ft broad x 15 -30 ft. long
- Alternate layer of refuse (15cm) & night soil (5cm) - heap rises 30cm above ground
– finally covered with excavated earth.
- Six – seven month – decomposition is complete For 100,000 population.

b)Mechanical Composting (Aerobic ) –


Refuse segregation – bones ,metal, glass – pulverization – to reduce size then refuse
mixed with sullage ,sewage or night soil –carbon nitrogen, moisture, temperature, pH
& aeration – 4 to 6 weeks – composting Manure pits –
-Rural area
-Individual households
-At the end of day covered with earth
-Two pits needed
-5- 6 months manure is formed

5. Burial –
-Small camps
-2m deep & 1.5 m wide
-At end of each day covered 20 -30cm with earth above 40 cm then covered with
earth

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