Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@swissLinkedu.

com Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 SWISSLINK

INTERNSHIP REPORT GUIDE TECHNOLOGY Research Methodology Course Instructor: Intong Ivo (Ph.D
Educational Psychology) Course objective: To be able to write a report at the end of the course Content:
• Understanding research (getting ready for research writing, selecting your topic • Writing the research
project (restricting your topic, evaluating the usefulness of sources, reading sources critically, taking
notes, developing a reasonable thesis, incorporating evidence, avoiding plagiarism • Research Problems
(problem identification, sources of questions qualities or characteristics of a good research problem,
how to write a problem statement) • The research process/steps in research and steps in writing HND
report. • The role of literature review in research. • Methods Data analysis and presentation •
Discussing a research finding, conclusion and recommendation • Identify a problematic situation in the
educational sector or organization which they will develop their research topic from. • Analyze and
identify the different research methodology and which one will best suite their individual topic. Dean of
Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 • Acquired a basic
knowledge in the different citation and referencing styles INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH What is
research? Welcome to the world of educational research! As you read this work, you will learn how to
think about research. In a sense, you will also be learning a new language, the language of researchers,
because researchers use a specialized language or jargon. But we shall define/clarify these concepts. The
word ‘research’ has multiple meanings & its precise definition varies from discipline to discipline &
expert to expert. Across disciplines & experts, however, there seems to be agreement with respect to
the functions it performs, that is, to find answers to your research questions. 1. Research can be defined
as the search for knowledge or any systematic effort designed to discover, establish or ascertain facts.
Scientific research relies on the application of the scientific method to address curiosity or uncertainty.
2. “The word research is composed of two syllables, re and search. The dictionary defines the former as
a prefix meaning again, a new or over again and the latter as a verb meaning to examine closely and
carefully, to test and try, or to probe. Together they form a noun describing a careful, systematic,
patient study and investigation in some field of knowledge, undertaken to establish facts or principles.
Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 Research
methodology is a way to systematically solve a research problem. Research methodology is a structured
and scientific approach used to collect, analyze, and interpret data to answer research questions or
objectives. A research methodology is like a plan for carrying out research and helps keep researchers
on track by limiting the scope of the research STEPS IN THE RESEARCH PROCESS Scientific research
involves a systematic process that focuses being objective and gathering a multitude of information that
will lead the researcher to draw conclusions. In this process, the research study is documented in such a
way that another individual can still read what you documented or carry out a similar study under
similar/dissimilar conditions. In the scientific process you must have a research report. The scientific
research process is a multiple step by step research process where the steps are inter-linked with the
other steps in the process. All the steps are inter-linked. What are these steps? 1. Identify the problem
or topic. There is no research without a problem. What is problematic? 2. Literature review. You must
read. Step two can even come before step one. Because in the course of reviewing literature you can
come across a problem. Now that a Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link]
Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 problem has been identified, the researcher must learn something about
the topic under investigation. To do this, the researcher must review literature around the problem.
What is the history of this problem? What have others said about this problem? If research has been
carried out, what are the conclusions? 3. Clarify the problem. Most often the initial problem is too
broad. In this step three the researcher clarifies the problem by narrowing down the scope of the study.
This can be done only after the literature review has been carried out. Narrow down your topic in an
understandable level. Sometimes there is a literature gap to be filled or a missing link to be filled. In
order to clarify your problem, you need to read. 4. Clearly define terms and concepts. You may take an
English term and contextualize it in your work. You specifically define the terms as they apply in your
study. 5. Define the population. A research can focus on a group of people, events, facilities, programs,
integration of technology etc. The nature of the study will help the researcher to define the population.
Defining the population assists the researcher in several ways. First, it narrows the scope of the study
from a very large population to one that is manageable. Secondly, the population identifies the group
that the researcher’s effort Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director:
(+237) 6 79 89 48 92 will be focused on during the study. Thirdly, by defining the population, the
researcher identifies a group to which the findings/results will be applicable. 6. Collect data. Once the
instrumentation plan is completed, the actual study begins with the collection of data. Therefore,
collection of data is a very critical step in providing the information needed to answer the research
question. Without information, you cannot answer the research question. Collecting data is done in
several ways based on the nature of the study and the design used. For example, a survey means
answers must be measured, closed-ended questions. Case study design cannot use questionnaire,
because it is qualitative. 7. To cite your sources properly. You must acknowledge your sources. You cite
the author in text and in the references. Failure to cite your sources is plagiarism. Follow the APA 6th
Edition which is the latest. 8. Proofread. Read through the text to check for grammar, spelling, citation,
punctuation, paragraphing, repetition, etc. CHOOSING A TOPIC Choosing a topic One of the most
important parts of doing a research report is choosing a topic. By choosing wisely, you can ensure that
your research will go smoothly and that you will enjoy doing it. Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83
info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 Choosing a Subject That You Care About A
subject is a broad area of interest, such as family law, contract law, criminal law, land law, human right
law etc. One way to approach the search for a research- topic is first to choose a general area of interest
and then to focus on some part of it. Make sure that you have a real reason for wanting to explore the
subject. Often the best subjects for research topics are ones that are related to your own life or to the
lives of people you know. For the purpose of the internship report, the topic should emanate from -
Your field of study i.e accountancy, management, marketing, electrical engineering, computer
engineering etc - A concept you understood from your internship i.e what you have seen in practice
from the organization. - Your topic should be innovative - Topic should be specific - Topic should carry a
study area Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92
FORMAT OF THE REPORT Font: Times Romans Front size: 12 Line Spacing: 2:0 The report is divided into 2
major parts that is; preliminary pages and chapterization PART ONE: PRELIMINARY PAGES Preliminary
pages are those write ups that come before the chapter one of every project or research work When
writing your report there are certain things the researcher must take note in relation to preliminary
pages. One of the things is that, these pages are numbered in roman numerals (that is i, ii, iii, iv, v. etc).
The format adopted by SwissLink Higher Institute is as follows; I. Cover page II. Blank page III. Cover page
again IV. Dedication V. Certification VI. Acknowledgment VII. Abstract VIII. List of abbreviations IX. List of
figures (if any) X. Table of content Example COVER PAGE It carries the name of the School, the Faculty,
and department, title of your internship, the student name and matricule, your supervisor name and
qualification and date of submission. Note should be taken that the supervisor name is not need on the
cover page for postgraduate students when you are submitting in the Library. But for defence purposes,
you must put the supervisor’s name on the cover page and his/her qualifications. Example Dean of
Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 SWISSLINK HIGHER
INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT THE
EFFECT OF ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE ON CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION: THE CASE OF ORANGE
CAMEROON By Your Name Matricule Number An Internship Report Submitted to the Department of
Management, School of Business, SwissLink Higher Institute of Business and Technology Kumba in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of HND in Management JUNE 2021 Supervisor
Intong Ivo (PhD in View) Lecturer, SwissLink Higher Institute of Business and Technology Dean of Studies
(+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 Blank page Dean of Studies
(+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 SWISSLINK HIGHER
INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT THE
EFFECT OF ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE ON CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION: THE CASE OF ORANGE
CAMEROON By Your Name Matricule Number An Internship Report Submitted to the Department of
Management, School of Business, SwissLink Higher Institute of Business and Technology Kumba in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of HND in Management JUNE 2021 Supervisor
Intong Ivo (PhD in View) Lecturer, SwissLink Higher Institute of Business and Technology Dean of Studies
(+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 DEDICATION A dedication
page is the author's chance to write a personal note to a person or people who have influenced them in
some way. As the name suggests, it's the author's way of dedicating the book to that person or those
people You dedicate to your love ones e.g parents, wife, husband etc Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19
83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 CERTIFICATION SWISSLINK HIGHER INSTITUTE
OF BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY KUMBA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT This
internship report of…………. SLBOO1 entitled “THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ON
CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION” submitted to the Department of Management, School of Business,
SwissLink Higher Institute of Business and Technology, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the
award of the HND in Management, is the original work of the candidate. (For undergraduates)
_______________ Date__________________ Supervisor name Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83
info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 ACKNOWLEDGMENT It begins with a first
paragraph acknowledging your supervisor (if you are acknowledging God, it shouldn’t be the first
paragraph before your supervisor. The second paragraph acknowledge your lecturers and it is always
good for the researcher to write out their names. The other people or institutions you want to
acknowledge can follow in any other Logically, people should be acknowledged base on importance,
contribution to the research. Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director:
(+237) 6 79 89 48 92 ABSTRACT An abstract is a summary of the entire dissertation from chapter one to
the last chapter. It is a concise summary of a research paper or entire thesis. It highlights key content
areas. it is a well-developed single paragraph of approximately 250 and above words in length which is
indented and single space as the case in some universities. The function of an abstract is to outline
briefly all parts of the research. Although it is placed at the beginning of the research, it is always the last
thing that you write, once you are sure of the conclusion you will reach. Why write an abstract?
Abstracts are important for both selection and indexing purposes. Selection: it allows readers who may
be interested in the research to quickly decide whether it is relevant to their purposes and whether they
need to read the whole work. Indexing: most academic journal databases accessed through the library
enable you to search abstracts Abstracts are usually written or required for - submission of articles, -
application for research grants - completion and submission of theses - submission of proposals for
conferences For the sake of project writing, the following are ingredients of an abstract 1) introduction
(one sentence) 2) statement of the problem(sentence) 3) principal aim 4) methodology 5) major
summary of findings 6) major conclusion 7) major recommendation As a requirement, it should be in
one page Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS This section relates specifically to abbreviations and acronyms that you used in
the research under study. It is often arranged alphabetically Example: AER ALL England Report AU
African Union CPC Criminal Procedure Code ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights PC
Penal Code UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UN United Nations Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54
24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 TABLE OF CONTENT It is a section of the
preliminary pages which carry both preliminary pages and a detailed summary of the other chapters.
Each item in the table of content must indicate the page where it is found. It is numbered in roman
numerals just like the other preliminary pages. Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83
info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 PART TWO: CHAPTERIZATION CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION Introduction Announce what will be seen in the chapter. This is like a caption
of your topic where variables should be exposed. Background to the Study The background is based on
an evolutionary perspective of the topic under investigation. The researcher must write constructively
with clearly stated paragraphs and citations. Statement of the Problem The statement of the problem is
an intellectual stimulus calling for a response in the form of a scientific inquiry. It identifies the issues to
be investigated upon. This is based on an abnormal situation in the organization under investigation.
General Research Objective Research objectives are concise statements that describe what the research
is aiming to achieve. They define the scope and direction of the research and maintain focus. The
objectives should be SMART—specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound The research
objective comprised of the general objective and the specific objectives. - General Objective This is the
objective that is generated from the main topic - Specific Objectives These are the specific issues that
guide the researcher Research Questions A research question is "a question that a research project sets
out to answer". The research questions are the tasks to be embarked on in question form. It is often
stated in general and specific form. General Research Question It is often stated in reflection to the
research topic under investigation question form Specific Research Questions Dean of Studies (+237) 6
54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 Significance of the Study A research
is undertaken because some people have to benefit from the work. The significance is therefore the
importance or worth of the research work to persons. Scope of the Study This involves the limitation of
the study in terms of geographical and content scope Definition of Key Terms This involves definition of
key terms or variables of the study Organization of the Study This is actually a synopsis of the work or
better still an overview of the work in terms of the chapters lay out. Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19
83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction Introduce or announce the chapter what will be written under the chapter. - Conceptual
Review Here, the candidate is expected to discuss concepts (Teach the reader what your variables are all
about). Develop the concepts here as textbooks or internet say. Do this objective by objective -
Theoretical Review The candidate is expected to identify and discuss theories or models related to the
issues to be investigated and pinpoint their relevance to the work. - Empirical Review What is required
here is a review of literatures on the topic or some related literatures. This involves identify the scholar,
where the study was carried out, the approach or methodology, results and recommendations. Dean of
Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 CHAPTER THREE
DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA/ INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES -Introduction Always introduce your chapters by
announcing what will be done. - Background of the Organization/Institution The candidate is expected
to present the evolution or history of the organization where he/she did the internship - Organizational
Structure/ Composition of the organization - Weekly activities Week1 Week2 Week3 Week4 Method of
System Analysis and Design Here, candidates are expected to present an analysis and design a proposed
system which will serve as solution to the problem identified. It also includes a clearly stated
methodology of design, implementation and possible deployment. System Development Life Cycle (E.g
Waterfall, RAD, JAD, SCRUM, etc) System Design Methodology (E.g Object Oriented Method) System
Modelling Unified Modelling Language –UML: Briefly state that UML will be used in modeling the
system, explain the use UML and why the choice of UML. System Requirements Analysis a) Hardware
Requirements (Give minimum specifications, purpose in the work) Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83
info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 b) Software Requirements (Give minimum
specifications, purpose in the work) c) Functional Requirement Bring out the general system functions,
the actors and their descriptions d) Non-Functional Requirements Definite statements on the system’s
User-friendliness, Security, Scalability, etc e) Use Case Diagrams Draw Use Case Diagrams for all actors
System Design a) Activity Diagram (s) b) Sequence Diagram (s) c) Class Diagram (s) d) ER Diagram (s) e)
Deployment model Ethical Consideration A statement of assurance of non-infringement of ethical issues
in the whole process research, system development and by the final deliverable (software package).
Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 CHAPTER
FOUR PRESENTATION OF RESULTS Introduction Findings from the Internship Present clear facts of what
was found from observation, participation, interview etc during the internship. These facts concern only
the topic under study and not internship activity is relevant here. They are more of presenting
investigation findings to support the necessity for developing a solution. System Implementation Present
all components of the developed system in the form of a user-manual which can enable a reader
appreciate the system without your assistance. Screenshots should be used at every stage to guide the
user. The following components may feature: a) Database A screenshot of the database (Maybe the
MySQL database) of the system; showing all tables. A brief explanation of should be given. b)
Deployment Brief explanation of how the system can be moved from the development computer to the
user-end or host. c) Login (If any) give a brief step-by-step process and what to do if it fails. d) Homepage
Briefly explain what is seen on the homepage and what can be done on the homepage (if any) After the
home page, continue with other system function according to the objectives of the system. E.g. User
Registration (Give a brief explanation of who can do it and the precise steps involved) Dean of Studies
(+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6 79 89 48 92 CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY
OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS -Introduction -Summary of Findings The
summary of findings constitutes the outcome or better still result of the investigation of the research.
The best way to present the summary of findings is to explain how the research objectives have been
attained. This means the summary of findings must be in accordance with the research objectives. -
Conclusion The conclusion is like the final chord in a song. Limitations of the Study State clearly what
you think could have limited you to make the work has more quality. Don’t state your personal issues
such as time factors or financial issues. -Recommendations Here, the candidate proposes solutions to
the problems raised Steps of writing the recommendation Step 1: State a recommendation Step 2:
Describe the recommendation Step 3: Explain how the recommendation will help -Suggestions for
Further Research State clearly other similar topics that other researchers could research on.
BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES - Must contain books, articles - Can also contain theses, reports,
newspapers, websites Dean of Studies (+237) 6 54 24 19 83 info@[Link] Director: (+237) 6
79 89 48 92 APPENDIX Includes: - Interview guide (if any) - Questionnaires (if any) - Any additional
document, figures, charts etc.