CLASS:VIII MONTH:NOVEMBER SUBJECT:SCIENCE

L-14- CHEMICAL EFFECTS ELECTRIC CURRENT

PRACTICE TIME-1(Pg.N0.196)
A. WRITE TRUE OR FALSE. CORRECT THE FALSE STATEMENT
1. 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F

B. Answer the following questions

1. We consider that the flow of conventional current is from a positively charged body to a
negatively charged body. However, the direction of flow of electron current is from a
negatively charged body to a positively charged body.

2. A conduction tester is a device which is used to determine whether a material allows

electric current to flow through it or not. In other words, it determines if the material is a good
or bad conductor of electricity.
3. In an electrical circuit of electric bulb, screw driver and cell, if we attach wires to the plastic
part of screw driver, it becomes a bad conductor as the bulb will not glow in this case.
If we add salt to distilled water, it becomes a good conductor of electricity.

PRACTICE TIME-2(Pg.N0.192)
1. A substance which conducts electricity when dissolved in water or in its liquid state is
called an electrolyte.
[Link] charged ions are called anions.
[Link] chemical change which takes place in the conducting liquids on passing electric
current is referred to as the chemical effects of electric current.
[Link]. For example, iron is widely used in the automobile industry to make various parts.
Automobile parts are continuously exposed to air, oil, chemicals and water and tend to get
corroded. Hence, electroplating with a coating of zinc is done to protect them from corrosion.

EXERCISE(Pg.N0.197)

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

l.a. 2. c. 3. d. 4. c. 5. a 6.a

B. FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Electromotive force 2. Negatively, positively

[Link] tester 4. Weak 5. Salt .
[Link] 7. Electroplating [Link] or gold

TEACHER SIGN HOD SIGN PRINCIPAL SIGN

__________________________________________________________________________________

NO OF COPIES
[Link] TRUE OR FALSE. CORRECT THE FALSE STATEMENT
I. T

2. F. The shorter lead of LED is connected to the positive terminal of

the battery.

3. T

4. F. Distilled water does not have salt and is a bad conductor of

electricity.

5. F. Electroplating is an example of the chemical effects of current.

6. F. Different metals are used for electroplating other metals.

7. T

8. E. The impure copper is used as anode and a thin strip of pure copper
is used as cathode.

C. VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Give one word or two-word answer for each of the following.

[Link] 2. Vinegar and lemon juice 3. Electrolyte

4. Cathode 5. Magnetic compass

D. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Draw an electric circuit and name the components that make it.

A)

2. Differentiate between good conductors and bad conductors of

electricity.

A) .The materials that allow the current to pass through them are called good conductors of
electricity. For example, copper, aluminium, iron, graphite and so on. Some materials do not
allow the current to pass through them. Such materials are called bad or poor conductors of
electricity. They are also called insulators. For example, plastic, wood, rubber and so on.
3. What is the full form of LED How is it used to test the conductivity of
liquid?
A) LED is Light Emitting Diode. LED has two leads (wires) attached to it. The longer lead is
connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the shorter lead is connected to the
negative terminal of the battery. The LED glows even when there is a weak current flowing in
the circuit.

4. Why is milk considered to be a good conductor of electricity?

A)Milk contains lactic acid and is a good conductor of electricity.

[Link] electrolysis, Write its three uses.

A) Electrolyte breaks down chemically when electric current passes through it. This process
is called electrolysis. Its three uses are electroplating, extraction of metals and purification of
metals

E. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. What are the different types of conduction testers. Explain any two.

A) A conduction tester is a device which is used to determine whether a material allows

electric current to pass through it or not. Types of conduction tester to test the conduction of
electricity in liquids are:
 Conduction tester using cell and a torch bulb.
In this device, one terminal of the cell is connected to one terminal of the bulb by using a
connecting wire. The other terminal of the cell and bulb are connected with a wire which is
brought into contact with different materials which need to be tested. If a material allow the
electric current to flow through it, the circuit becomes complete and the bulb glows If a
material does not allow the electric current to flow through it, the circuit does not ger
completed; hence the bulb does not glow.
 Conduction tester using an LED.
In this method, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) is used instead of a torch bulb in the circuit
LED has two leads (wires) attached to it. The longer lead is connected to the positive
terminal of the battery and the shorter lead is connected to the negative terminal of the
battery. The LED glows even when there is a weak current flowing in the circuit.
 Conduction tester using a magnetic compass.

2. Normal water conducts electricity, whereas distilled water does

not. Explain.

A).Water from a tap, well, river or pond contains salts. This makes water from these sources
a good conductor of electricity. On the other hand, distilled water does not have salts and
therefore is not a good conductor of electricity.
3. Explain with the help of an activity that liquid conducts electricity.

A)Aim: To test the conduction of electricity in liquids using various conduction testers.

Procedure:
1. Collect a few small plastic caps of discarded bottles. Make sure they are clean.
2. In one cap. pour one teaspoon of lemon juice. In the second cap, pour a spoon of vinegar
In the third cap, take some tap water. In the fourth cap, put distilled water.
3. Let the ends of the tester dip into the liquid in the cap. Test which of these solutions
conduct electricity.
Precautions:
1. Perform this activity under the supervision of a teacher or parent
2. Take care that the ends dipped in liquid are not more than 1 cm apart and at the same
time do not touch each other.
3. Remember to wash and wipe dry the ends of the tester after testing each liquid.
4 . The conduction testers using LED and magnetic compass can detest conductivity even if
a weak electric current is flowing. On the other hand, if the current through a circuit is to
weak, the filament of the bulb will not get heated enough and will not glow. Hence, even if
the liquid is conducting electricity, the tester may not show so.

[Link] is electroplating? What are its uses? What are its

drawbacks?
A) The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another material wing
electricity is called electroplating.
The technique of electroplating is widely used in many things. Some of them are listed
below:
 Electroplating is done on many objects to make them appear shiny. For example, the
kitchen and bathroom fittings, taps and so on are coated with chromium metal to give
them a shiny appearance
 Electroplating is done to prevent corrosion. For example, iron is widely used in the
automobile industry to make various parts. Automobile parts are continuously exposed
to air, oil, chemicals and water and tend to get corroded. Hence, electroplating with a
coating of zinc is done to protect them from corrosion.
 In some objects, electroplating is done to make objects scratch-free. For example,
chromium metal does not corrode and is resistant to scratches.
Hence, it is coated on objects to make them scratch proof.

[Link] wants to electroplate an iron nail with copper Explain the

steps of doing so using the technique electroplating.

A) a. Take 250 ml. of distilled water in a clean and dry beaker.

b. Dissolve two teaspoonful of copper sulphate in it.

[Link] a few drops of dilute sulphuric acid to the beaker
d. Connect the nail that needs to be electroplated to the negative terminal of a battery.
e. Connect the copper plate to the positive terminal of the battery.
f. Dip the copper plate and nail in the beaker containing solution. Leave the setup for half
an hour.
When current passes through the copper sulphate solution, it splits the solution into copper
(Cu) and sulphate (SOP). The separated free Cu of the solution gets deposited on the
negative electrode. At the same time, the positive electrode allows the same amount of
copper into the solution. Thus, the loss of copper from the solution is restored. We can say
that the copper from the positively charged electrode (anode) is transferred to the negatively
charged electrode (cathode). This kind of transfer is known as electroplating

[Link] the uses of electroplating.

A) The technique of electroplating is widely used in many things. Some of them are listed
below
 Electroplating is done on many objects to make them appear shiny. For example, the
kitchen and bathroom fittings, taps and so on are coated with chromium metal to give
them a shiny appearance.
 Electroplating is done to prevent corrosion. For example, iron is widely used in the
automobile industry to make various parts. Electroplating with a coating of zinc is done
to protect them from corrosion.
 In some objects, electroplating is done to make objects scratch-free. For example,
chromium metal does not corrode and is resistant to scratches. Hence, it is coated on
objects to make them scratch proof.
 Electroplating is often done using a less reactive metal on more reactive metals to
protect them from getting spoilt. For example, tin is less reactive than iron. Hence, iron
cans are electroplated with tin to prevent spoilage of iron. Similarly, brass objects are
coated with chromium to protect them.
 Electroplating is done on artificial ornaments to make them look as if they are made of
real gold or silver.
 Medical equipment is made up of nickel metal. Nickel should not come in contact with
the body as it is harmful. Hence, nickel instruments are coated with platinum or gold.

7. How does the process of electrolysis help in the following?

a. Extraction of metals b. Purification of metals

A)a)Extraction of Metals:

Metals are naturally found as ores combined with other metals. Electrolysis can be used to
extract more reactive metals from their ores. Metals such as magnesium, calcium and
aluminium are extracted from their ores by this process.
 b. Purification of Metals:

Electrolysis is also used for purification of metals such as copper. The impure copper is used
as anode and a thin strip of pure copper is used as cathode. When electric current passes
through the solution containing copper sulphate, the pure copper from the anode gets
transferred to the cathode.

THINK AND ANSWER

1. Is air a good or bad conductor of electricity? Give reasons.

A) Air is a mixture of neutral or inert gases. Therefore it contains few or no charged

particles or free ions for conduction of electricity. Hence, air is a poor conductor of electricity.

2. What would happen if the electric current is allowed to flow in a freshly

cut potato?

A)Due to the formation of copper ions, there is the formation of a greenish-blue spot around
the copper (positive) electrode. In potato, the chemical effect of the electric current is
observed. When an electric current is passed through the potato chemical reaction takes
place inside the potato.

3. Ruchi wants to put a coating of silver on an iron spoon. She used silver
nitrate solution as the electrolyte. She silver plate as an electrode. To
which terminal of the battery should she connect the spoon and silver
plate?

A)Ruchi should connect the iron spoon to the negative terminal of the battery and the silver
plate to the positive terminal of the battery This is because silver is more electro positive than
iron so the silver ions in the silver nitrate solution will be attracted to the iron spoon and will
deposit on the surface of the spoon to form a coating of silver This is the process of
electroplating

[Link] is electroplated jewellery in demand?

A)Electroplated jewelries are in demand because firstly, they are as shiny and attractive as
real jewelries. They are light-weighted and cost effective. Secondly, one feels free to wear it
because of the growing problem of snatching and theft.

DISCUSS

1. Seawater is a better conductor of electricity than tap water. Why?

A)Sea water is a better conductor because it has dissolved and dissociated ions. The
conductivity of water depends on the concentration of dissolved ions in solution.
2. Why are all electric wires made mostly of copper metal?

A)Copper electrical wires are safer to use than wires made of most other conductive metals
because they are resistant to heat. It has high electrical conductive; it’s inexpensive; it’s
ductile; and it’s thermal resistant.
3. The tester used by the electrician has a plastic handle. Comment.

A)The handles of testers or screw drivers are made of plastic or rubber, because they are
insulators (objects which do not allow electricity to pass through them)

4. Tin is electroplated on iron cans which are used to store food. Give
reason.
A) Tin cans, used for storing food, are made by electroplating tin onto iron. Tin is less
reactive than iron. Thus, food does not come into contact with iron and is protected from
getting spoilt.

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