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Python String Functions Overview

This document provides an overview of various string handling functions in Python, including methods for capitalization, title casing, indexing, and case conversion. It explains the syntax and usage of functions like capitalize(), title(), index(), upper(), lower(), isupper(), islower(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isalnum(), isspace(), split(), join(), startswith(), endswith(), and swapcase(). Each function is illustrated with examples to demonstrate its functionality.

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9 views13 pages

Python String Functions Overview

This document provides an overview of various string handling functions in Python, including methods for capitalization, title casing, indexing, and case conversion. It explains the syntax and usage of functions like capitalize(), title(), index(), upper(), lower(), isupper(), islower(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isalnum(), isspace(), split(), join(), startswith(), endswith(), and swapcase(). Each function is illustrated with examples to demonstrate its functionality.

Uploaded by

Godspell
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

====================================

String Handling Part-2


====================================
=>On String Data, we can perform Indexing, Slicing Operations and with these
operations, we can also perform different type of operations by using pre-defined
functions present in str object.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
Pre-defined Functions in str object
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
1) capitalize()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function is used for capitalizing the first letter First word of a given
Sentence only.
=>Syntax: [Link]()
(OR)
strobj=[Link]()
-----------------
Examples:
-----------------
>>> s="python"
>>> print(s,type(s))-------------------python <class 'str'>
>>> [Link]()--------------------'Python'
>>> s="python is an oop lang"
>>> print(s,type(s))-------------------------python is an oop lang <class 'str'>
>>> [Link]()-----------------------------'Python is an oop lang'
-------------------------------------
>>> s="python"
>>> print(s,type(s))--------------------python <class 'str'>
>>> [Link]()--------------------'Python'
>>> print(s,type(s))----------------python <class 'str'>
>>> s=[Link]()
>>> print(s,type(s))-----------------Python <class 'str'>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
2) title():
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This is used for obtaining Title Case of a Given Sentence (OR) Making all words
First
Letters are capital.
Syntax: [Link]()
(OR)
s=[Link]()

------------------
Examples:
------------------
>>> s="python"
>>> print(s,type(s))-------------------python <class 'str'>
>>> [Link]()---------------------'Python'
>>> [Link]()-----------------------------'Python'
----------------------------------------------------------
>>> s="python is an oop lang"
>>> print(s,type(s))------------------python is an oop lang <class 'str'>
>>> [Link]()--------------------'Python is an oop lang'
>>> [Link]()----------------------------'Python Is An Oop Lang'
>>> print(s)----------------------------python is an oop lang
>>> s=[Link]()
>>> print(s)--------------------------Python Is An Oop Lang
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
3) index()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function obtains Index of the specified Value
=>If the specified value does not exist then we get ValueError
=>Syntax: [Link](Value)
=>Syntax: indexvalue=[Link](value)

Examples:
-----------------
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]("p")------------------0
>>> [Link]("y")-------------------1
>>> [Link]("o")-----------------4
>>> [Link]("n")----------------5
>>> [Link]("K")----------------ValueError: substring not found

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
4) upper()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>It is used for converting any type of Str Data into Upper Case.
=>Syntax:- [Link]()
OR
strobj=[Link]()
-----------------
Examples:
=---------------
>>> s="python"
>>> print(s)------------------------------python
>>> [Link]()-----------------------'PYTHON'
>>> s="python is an oop lang"
>>> print(s)---------------------------------python is an oop lang
>>> [Link]()--------------------------------'PYTHON IS AN OOP LANG'
>>> s="Python IS an OOP lang"
>>> print(s)-------------------------------Python IS an OOP lang
>>> [Link]()--------------------------'PYTHON IS AN OOP LANG'
>>> s="AbCdEf"
>>> print(s)------------------------AbCdEf
>>> [Link]()----------------------'ABCDEF'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> print(s)--------------------PYTHON
>>> [Link]()-----------------'PYTHON'
>>> s="123"
>>> print(s)------------------123
>>> [Link]()----------------'123'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
5) lower()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>It is used for converting any type of Str Data into lower Case.
=>Syntax:- [Link]()
OR
strobj=[Link]()
Examples:
-----------------
>>> s="Data Science"
>>> print(s)--------------Data Science
>>> [Link]()------------'data science'
>>> s="python"
>>> print(s)-------------python
>>> [Link]()-----------'python'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> print(s)-------------PYTHON
>>> [Link]()------------'python'
>>> s="PYThon"
>>> print(s)----------PYThon
>>> [Link]()---------'python'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
6) isupper()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function returns True provided the given str object data is purely Upper
Case otherwise it returns False.
Syntax: [Link]()

Examples:
-----------------
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()-----------True
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()----------False
>>> s="Python"
>>> [Link]()----------False
>>> s="PYThon"
>>> [Link]()----------False
>>> s="123"
>>> [Link]()------------False
>>> s="%$#^&@"
>>> [Link]()-----------False

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
7)islower()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function returns True provided the given str object data is purely lower
Case otherwise it returns False.
Syntax: [Link]()
-----------------
Examples:
-----------------
>>> s="pythopn"
>>> [Link]()------------True
>>> s="pythOn"
>>> [Link]()------------False
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()-----------False
>>> s="123"
>>> [Link]()----------False
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
8) isalpha()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function returns True provided str object contains Purely Alphabets
otherwise returns False.

Syntax: [Link]()
-------------------
Examples:
-------------------
>>> s="Ambition"
>>> [Link]()--------------------True
>>> s="Ambition123"
>>> [Link]()-------------------False
>>> s="1234"
>>> [Link]()------------------False
>>> s=" "
>>> [Link]()------------------False
>>> s="#$%^@"
>>> [Link]()-----------------False
>>> s="AaBbZz"
>>> [Link]()----------------True
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
9) isdigit()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function returns True provided given str object contains purely digits
otherwise returns False
Examples:
--------------------
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()------------------False
>>> s="python123"
>>> [Link]()----------------False
>>> s="123"
>>> [Link]()-----------------True
>>> s="123 456"
>>> [Link]()---------------False
>>> s="1_2_3"
>>> [Link]()---------------False
>>> s="123KV"
>>> [Link]()-------------False
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
10) isalnum()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------
=>This Function returns True provided str object contains either Alpabets OR
Numerics or Alpha-Numerics only otherwise It returns False.
=>Syntax: strobj. isalphanum()
---------------------------
=>Examples:
---------------------------
>>> s="python310"
>>> [Link]()-----------------True
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()-----------------True
>>> s="310"
>>> [Link]()-----------------True
>>> s="$python310"
>>> [Link]()-----------------False
>>> s="python 310"
>>> [Link]()----------------False
>>> s="$python3.10"
>>> [Link]()----------------False
>>> s="python3.10"
>>> [Link]()-------------False
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
11) isspace()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
=>This Function returns True provided str obj contains purely space otherwise it
returns False.
=>Syntax: [Link]()
------------------------
Examples:
----------------------
>>> s=" "
>>> [Link]()-----------True
>>> s=""
>>> [Link]()--------------False
>>> s="python Prog"
>>> [Link]()-------------False
>>> s="Prasana Laxmi"
>>> [Link]()--------------False
>>> [Link]()-----------False
>>> [Link]() or [Link]()-----------False
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
12) split()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
=>This Function is used for splitting the given str object data into different
words base specified delimter ( - _ # % ^ ^ , ; ....etc)
=>The dafeult deleimter is space
=>The Function returns Splitting data in the form of list object
=>Syntax: [Link]("Delimter")
(OR)
[Link]()
(OR)
listobj= [Link]("Delimter")
(OR)
listobj=[Link]()
----------------
Examples:
----------------
>>> s="Python is an oop lang"
>>> print(s)----------------Python is an oop lang
>>> [Link]()----------------['Python', 'is', 'an', 'oop', 'lang']
>>> len([Link]())-----------5
>>> x=[Link]()
>>> print(x,type(x))---------['Python', 'is', 'an', 'oop', 'lang'] <class 'list'>
>>> len(x)---------------5
>>> s="12-09-2022"
>>> print(s)-------------12-09-2022
>>> [Link]("-")----------['12', '09', '2022']
>>> s="12-09-2022"
>>> dob=[Link]("-")
>>> print(dob,type(dob))------------['12', '09', '2022'] <class 'list'>
>>> print("Day",dob[0])----------Day 12
>>> print("Month ",dob[1])---------Month 09
>>> print("Year ",dob[2])----------Year 2022
---------------------------------------------------------
>>> s="Apple#Banana#kiwi/Guava"
>>> words=[Link]("#")
>>> print(words)-----------['Apple', 'Banana', 'kiwi/Guava']
>>> words=[Link]("/")
>>> print(words)------------------['Apple#Banana#kiwi', 'Guava']
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13) join():
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=>This Function is used for combining or joining list of values from any Iterable
object
=>Syntax: [Link](Iterableobject)
Examples:
------------------------------
>>> lst=["HYD","BANG","AP","DELHI"]
>>> print(lst,type(lst))------------------['HYD', 'BANG', 'AP', 'DELHI'] <class
'list'>
>>> s=""
>>> [Link](lst)---------------'HYDBANGAPDELHI'
>>> s=" "
>>> [Link](lst)------------------'HYD BANG AP DELHI'
-------------------------------------------------------------------
>>> t=("Rossum","is", "Father" "of" ,"Python")
>>> print(t,type(t))
('Rossum', 'is', 'Fatherof', 'Python') <class 'tuple'>
>>> k=" "
>>> [Link](t)
'Rossum is Fatherof Python'
>>> t=("Rossum","is", "Father", "of" ,"Python")
>>> k=" "
>>> [Link](t)
'Rossum is Father of Python'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------
14) startswith():
----------------------
=>The startswith() Function returns True if the string starts with the specified
value, otherwise False.
Examples:
-------------------
>>>s="Python is an oop lang"
>>>[Link]("Python")------------True
>>>[Link]("python")------------False
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------
15) endswith():
----------------------
=>The endswith() Function returns True if the string ends with the specified value,
otherwise False.
Examples:
-------------------
>>>s="Python is an oop lang"
>>>[Link]("Python")------------False
>>>[Link]("lang")------------True
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------
16) swapcase()
----------------------------
=>Make the lower case letters upper case and the upper case letters lower case:
Examples:
>>>s="PyThOn"
>>>[Link]()--------pYtHoN
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------
MISc Examples
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()
'Python'
>>> s="python is an oop lang"
>>> [Link]()
'Python is an oop lang'
>>> s="python is an oop [Link] is also fun lang"
>>> [Link]()
'Python is an oop [Link] is also fun lang'
>>>
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()
'Python'
>>> s="python is an oop lang"
>>> [Link]()
'Python Is An Oop Lang'
>>> s="python is an oop [Link] is also fun lang"
>>> [Link]()
'Python Is An Oop [Link] Is Also Fun Lang'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
'Python'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
'Python'
>>>
>>>
>>> s="PyThOn"
>>> [Link]()
'pYtHoN'
>>> s="PYThon"
>>> [Link]()
'pytHON'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
'python'
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()
'PYTHON'
>>> s="12345"
>>> [Link]()
'12345'
>>> s="Python3.11"
>>> [Link]()
'pYTHON3.11'
>>> s="$%^&*()"
>>> [Link]()
'$%^&*()'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
'python'
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
'python'
>>> s="PYThon"
>>> [Link]()
'pytHON'
>>> [Link]()
'python'
>>>
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()
'python'
>>> [Link]()
'PYTHON'
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()
'PYTHON'
>>> s="PYThon"
>>> [Link]()
'PYTHON'
>>> s="PYThon"
>>> [Link]()
'python'
>>>
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="PYTHon"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="java"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="JAva"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="1234"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> [Link]()
False
>>>
>>>
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]('p')
0
>>> [Link]('o')
4
>>> [Link]('k')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: substring not found
>>> [Link]('2')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: substring not found
>>> s="python"
>>> [Link]('thon')
2
>>> [Link]('khon')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: substring not found
>>> s="python is an oop lang"
>>> [Link]('is')
7
>>> [Link]('o')
4
>>> [Link]('an')
10
>>> [Link]('10')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: substring not found
>>> [Link]("""an""")
10
>>> s="Apple"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="Apple123"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="Ap ple"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="123"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="Pyth$on"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="PYTHON311"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="PYTHON"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="311"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="PYT HON"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="PYTHON3.11"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="PYTH$on"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="123.56"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="123"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="123.45"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="123$23"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s="2"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="32"
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="PYTHON311"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s=" "
>>> [Link]()
True
>>> s="123 456"
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s=""
>>> [Link]()
False
>>> s=" "
>>> [Link]()
True
>>>
>>> s="Apple is in red"
>>> [Link]()
['Apple', 'is', 'in', 'red']
>>> x=[Link]()
>>> print(x,type(x))
['Apple', 'is', 'in', 'red'] <class 'list'>
>>> len(x)
4
>>> s="08-07-2023"
>>> print(s)
08-07-2023
>>> x=[Link]("-")
>>> print(x)
['08', '07', '2023']
>>> print("Day=",x[0])
Day= 08
>>> print("Month=",x[1])
Month= 07
>>> print("Year=",x[2])
Year= 2023
>>> s="Apple#Mango#kiwi-Banana"
>>> print(s)
Apple#Mango#kiwi-Banana
>>> x=[Link]("#")
>>> print(x)
['Apple', 'Mango', 'kiwi-Banana']
>>> y=[Link]("-")
>>> print(y)
['Apple#Mango#kiwi', 'Banana']
>>> y[0]
'Apple#Mango#kiwi'
>>> y[0].split("#"]
File "<stdin>", line 1
y[0].split("#"]
^
SyntaxError: closing parenthesis ']' does not match opening parenthesis '('
>>> y[0].split("#")
['Apple', 'Mango', 'kiwi']
>>> y[0:1]=y[0].split("#")
>>> print(y)
['Apple', 'Mango', 'kiwi', 'Banana']
>>>
>>> s="123$456$678$156$"
>>> print(s)
123$456$678$156$
>>> [Link]("$")
['123', '456', '678', '156', '']
>>> s="123$456$678$156"
>>> [Link]("$")
['123', '456', '678', '156']
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> lst=["apple","mango","kiwi","guava"]
>>> print(lst,type(lst)
... )
['apple', 'mango', 'kiwi', 'guava'] <class 'list'>
>>> k=""
>>> [Link](lst)
'applemangokiwiguava'
>>> print(k)

>>> k
''
>>> lst=["apple","mango","kiwi","guava"]
>>> print(lst,type(lst))
['apple', 'mango', 'kiwi', 'guava'] <class 'list'>
>>> k=""
>>> k=[Link](lst)
>>> print(k)
applemangokiwiguava
>>> k
'applemangokiwiguava'
>>>
>>> lst=["apple","mango","kiwi","guava"]
>>> print(lst,type(lst))
['apple', 'mango', 'kiwi', 'guava'] <class 'list'>
>>> k=" "
>>> k=[Link](lst)
>>> print(k)
apple mango kiwi guava
>>> lst=["Python","is","an","oop","lang"]
>>> k=" "
>>> k=[Link](lst)
>>> print(k)
Python is an oop lang
>>> print(k,type(k))
Python is an oop lang <class 'str'>
>>> [Link]()
['Python', 'is', 'an', 'oop', 'lang']
>>> s=" "
>>> [Link]()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'isnull'
>>>
>>>
>>> s="Python is an oop lang"
>>> print(s)
Python is an oop lang
>>> [Link]("Python")
True
>>> [Link]("Pyt")
True
>>> [Link]("p")
False
>>> [Link]("p".upper())
True
>>> [Link]("lang")
False
>>> s="Python is an oop lang"
>>> print(s)
Python is an oop lang
>>> [Link]("Python")
False
>>> [Link]("lang")
True
>>> [Link]("la")
False
>>> [Link]("ng")
True
>>> [Link]("n")
False
>>> [Link]("g")
True
>>> [Link]("lang".upper())
False
>>>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------

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