LESSON GUIDE

SCIENCE 7
QUARTER III – WEEK 6
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I. Attributes, Curriculum Content, Performance Standard, and Learning
Competencies

A. Attributes Key • Environmental Steward: Be able to

Stage Outcome participate in preserving the environment
(Indicator) including managing resources. (Raises
awareness on environmental and climate
justice.)
B. Content Standard Learners learn that scientists and engineers
conduct innovative research to find solutions to
the current global energy crisis by seeking
renewable energy solutions.
C. Performance By the end of the Quarter, learners employ
Standard scientific techniques, concepts, and models to
investigate forces and motion and represent
their understanding using scientific language,
force diagrams, and distance-time graphs. They
use their curiosity, knowledge and
understanding, and skills to propose solutions
to problems related to motion and energy. They
explore how modern technologies might be used
to overcome current global energy concerns.
D. Learning Learning Competency
Competency and Identify advantageous and disadvantageous
Objectives examples of conduction, convection and
radiation.

Objectives
1. Identify and describe examples of conduction,
convection, and radiation in everyday life.
2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of
each method of heat transfer.
3. Show interest in discussing how
understanding heat transfer can help
improve everyday processes.

E. Content Heat Transfer

F. Learning Resources a. Metal spoon

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 b. Hot water
c. Food coloring
d. Transparent container
e. Lamp/light bulb
f. Whiteboard or flip chart
g. Markers, pens, or pencils
h. Projector (Optional)

G. References • Department of Education (2023). MATATAG

Curriculum Guide;
• Ministry of Basic, Higher and Technical
Education (2024). Bangsamoro Basic
Education Contextualization Framework;
• Department of Education (2023). MATATAG
Lesson Exemplars

II. Teaching and Learning Procedures

Preliminaries
• Prayer
• Attendance
• Review
• Motivation

Agreement Toward Successful Learning Experience

After presenting the lesson objectives, the teacher ensures that the learners
agree through the following questions:
• Do you understand the objectives of the lesson?
• Are you ready to commit to staying focused on our objectives and
working together to achieve them?
• What will you do to achieve the objectives?

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 A. Lesson Proper (Experiential and Contextualized Learning
Approach)

A. Engage

Introduction to Heat Transfer

Activity: SHOW THEM (Environmental Steward)

Metal spoon in hot water Kettle boiling on the stove Standing near a campfire

Guide Questions:
1. What have you observed in the pictures?
2. How do you think heat is transferred in these situations?
3. What is occurring when heat is transferred from one object to another?

Unlocking Difficulties:
1. Heat - is a form of energy that is transferred between substances or
systems due to a temperature difference.
2. Heat transfer - is the process by which thermal energy (heat) moves
from one object or substance to another.

B. Explore

Activity: Exploring Heat Transfer: A Hands-On Study of Conduction,

Convection, and Radiation (Environmental Steward)

Interactive Stations: Have three stations where the student is able to explore
each type of heat transfer.

Station 1: Conduction-Heat transfer by direct contact. The students can

make use of a metal spoon kept in hot water to understand the flow of heat
through the metal.

Station 2: Convection-Heat transfer in fluids (liquids and gases). Students

may prepare a simple experiment on convection using food coloring and hot
water in a transparent container.

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Station 3: Radiation - Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves. Let
the students sit near a lamp or a light bulb and discuss how the heat is
transferred there without direct contact.

Guided Exploration:
1. Send the students in pairs or small groups around each station to
observe and write what they have experienced about how the heat is
transferred in each of these stations.
2. Make sure that the teacher invites students to record observations and
determine in which case of each given station, which method of heat
transfer is happening.

Guide Questions:

Station 1: Conduction
1. What happens to the spoon in hot water?
2. How do you know heat is moving through the spoon?

Station 2: Convection
1. What happens to the food coloring in hot water?
2. How does this show how heat moves in liquids?

Station 3: Radiation
1. How do you feel the warmth of the lamp or light bulb?
2. Why do you feel it although you are not in contact with it?

C. Explain

Introduce the following concepts through discussion:

Heat transfer
Heat transfer is the movement of heat from one item or material to
another. Heat moves only from areas of higher temperature (hotter) toward
areas of lower temperature (cooler). There are three primary forms of heat
transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. How these types of heat
transfer work explains many different everyday objects and natural processes
- what cooks food and how weather patterns work.

Types of Heat Transfer

1. Conduction
Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between
materials or substances. The heat is transferred from the hotter object to the
cooler one until both are at the same temperature.
In conduction, particles (atoms or molecules) in the hotter part of an
object vibrate faster and pass their energy to the cooler particles next to them.
This happens in solids where particles are close together.

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Examples of Conduction:
a. Touching a metal spoon in a pot of hot soup (the heat travels through
the metal to your hand).
b. Ironing clothes: The heat from the iron gets transferred to the fabric.
c. Cooking on a stove: The pan gets heated and the heat gets transferred
to the food.

2. Convection

Convection refers to the method of carrying out heat transfer in fluids,

(liquids or gasses), which is carried out through the movement of the fluid
itself. The warmer parts of the fluid move upwards and cooler parts move
downwards thus creating a circular flow of heat.
A fluid such as water or air becomes less dense when heated. The density
of a cooler fluid is greater and sinks. The movement of fluid transfers heat
with it, producing a continuous convection current.

Examples of Convection:
a. Boiling water: Hot water at the bottom of the pot rises to the top, and
cooler water sinks to the bottom.
b. Air movement in a warmed space: Warm air rises, and cool air enters
from below.
c. Ocean currents: Warm water flows pole ward from the equator, and
cooler water flows equator-ward from the poles.

Kettle boiling on the stove Ocean Currents

3. Radiation

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves.

Unlike conduction and convection, radiation does not depend on any medium
in the form of solid, liquid, or gas for transferring heat. It can even go through
a vacuum.
Heat is transferred through the radiation of electromagnetic waves, one
form of which is infrared radiation, which travels through air or even the
vacuum of space. This is why the Sun heats the Earth.

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Examples of Radiation
a. Sun's heat: The sun's light travels across space and heats up the Earth.
b. Campfire: Warmth coming from the fire travels outward in all
directions.
c. Microwave oven: A microwave utilizes radiation. The food is heated by
exciting water molecules through radiation.

Sun’s heat Campfire Microwave oven

Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Type of Heat Transfer

1. Conduction

Advantages
- Good in solids: Best in solid materials, that is metals, whose
conductivity of heat is great.
- It can transfer heat hot over short distances, which is why the cooking
process using pots and pans is speedy.

Disadvantages
- Slower in gases and liquids: Gases and liquids are much less effective
at conducting heat due to the space between their particles.
- Can lead to unwanted heat loss: In some scenarios, conduction leads
to a type of heat loss that is undesirable, for example in buildings with
low-quality insulation.

2. Convection

Advantages
- Efficiency in liquids and gases: Convection supports heat transfer in
fluids, including in the boiling of water or wind blowing around in the
atmosphere.
- Crucial to natural processes: Convection aids in spreading heat
throughout the Earth's atmosphere and oceans and can change the
weather conditions and climate.

Limitations
- Diffusion is relatively slower compared to conduction in a solid.
It doesn't work in solids, because there is no fluid to move and carry the heat.

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 3. Radiation

Advantages
- Can travel through empty space: Since radiation does not require a
medium, this is why we feel the heat from the Sun even though it is
empty between us.
- Radiation heat transfer allows heat to be transferred directly to objects
without actually having contact with them-this is why you will feel
warmth from a fire even though you do not stand in it.

Disadvantages
- Radiation over long distances means poor efficiency since even though
it goes through space, the farther it has to travel, the more dispersed
and less intense it becomes.
- Difficult to Control: It is fairly challenging to steer radiation in a given
space since it travels within space and can be generated even without
the existence of materials. The conduction and convection move about
through materials and fluids at a pretty controlled rate.

Summary of Heat Transfer

Type How It Works Examples Advantages Disadvantages

Conduction Heat moves Metal Fast in Slower in
through direct spoon in solids, liquids/gases,
contact in hot water, efficient for causes heat
solids. frying pan cooking. loss in
on stove. buildings.
Convection Heat moves Boiling Efficient in
through the water, air liquids and Slow process,
movement of currents in gases, requires a fluid
fluids. a room, affects
ocean weather.
currents.
Radiation Heat moves Can travel Less efficient
through Sunlight, through over long
electromagnetic campfire, space, heats distances,
waves. microwave without hard to control
contact.

From cooking food to heating homes, and even understanding the

Earth's atmosphere in which we live, many everyday processes involve the
phenomenon of heat transfer. Understanding heat transfer can explain what's
happening in these processes, and knowing the advantages and
disadvantages of one over the other helps us decide how to use heat in a given
situation.

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D. Elaborate

Activity: Heat Transfer Real-Life Applications

I. Objectives
1. Apply knowledge of conduction, convection, and radiation to real-
life applications.
2. Further improve understanding of how heat transfer plays a role
in more everyday processes.
3. Develop teamwork, communication, and presentation skills in
the analysis and explanation of scenarios in real life.

II. Materials Needed

1. Scenario cards with different examples of real-life heat transfer
written on them
2. Whiteboard or flip chart for group presentations
3. Markers, pens, or pencils for note-taking among the students
4. Projector available for classroom presentation (Optional)

III. Procedures:

Introduction to Heat Transfer

1. Briefly review the three modes of heat transfer: conduction,

convection, and radiation.
2. Explain how each mode of heat transfer works in different
materials and scenarios:
Conduction: Transfer of heat through direct contact of particles.
Convection: Heat transfer by fluid motion, liquids, or gases.
Radiation: Transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. It can
travel in a vacuum.
3. Divide the class into Small Groups (3-4 students per group):
4. Give each group a set of scenario cards. Each card has a real life
scenario with one of the three heat transfer methods.
Scenarios:
a. Heating up a cup of coffee at the stove (conduction).
b. The Sun warming your skin (radiation).
c. Water boiling in a pot (convection).
d. Using a space heater to warm up a room (convection).
e. A metal spoon heating up if left in a pot of soup
(conduction).
f. Ice melting in the sun (radiation).
g. Warm air rising in a room (convection).

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 Learners will discourse among themselves the various situations. For
each scenario, they must:
1. Identify which type of heat transfer is occurring (conduction,
convection, or radiation).
2. Explain why that particular type of heat transfer is the best
explanation for what's going on.
3. Discuss the motion of heat in the given case.

Guide Questions:
1. What did you learn about how heat transfer impacts real life?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. How do engineers, architects, chefs, etc utilize this knowledge?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Engineers, chefs, and architects use knowledge of heat transfer in order

to improve everyday processes such as ways of designing energy efficient
homes, cooking food faster, building better insulation, etc. Having knowledge
of heat transfer may help them in better day-to-day decisions, such as
choosing proper materials to cook or keep a room cool.

E. Evaluate

I. Multiple Choice

Direction: Read each statement carefully. Select and encircle the correct
answer.

1. Heat transfer due to direct contact between materials is called

a. Radiation
b. Convection
c. Conduction
d. Evaporation

2. Which of the following is an example of convection?

a. A metal spoon heating up in a hot pot
b. Warm air rising from a heater
c. Heat from the sun warming your skin
d. Cooking food in a microwave

3. Which type of heat transfer does not require a medium-solid, liquid, or gas-
to transfer heat?
a. Conduction
b. Convection
c. Radiation
d. All of the above

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4. What is happening in convection in a liquid or gas?
a. Heat is transferred directly from one particle to another.
b. Warm particles move up, and cooler particles move down, creating a
current.
c. Heat is transferred via electromagnetic waves.
d. Heat only occurs when particles have direct physical contact with each
other.

5. What is the principal drawback of conduction in gases and liquids?

a. It happens too quickly.
b. It isn't very good because particles are too far apart in gases and liquids.
c. It can only work in solids.
d. It causes too much radiation loss.

II. True or False

Direction: Read each statement and write T if the statement is correct and F
if the statement is wrong.

_____ 6. Radiation can transfer heat through a vacuum, such as from the Sun
to the Earth.
_____ 7. Convection only works in solids because particles in solids are too
close together.
_____ 8. Microwave oven heat transfer relies on radiation to energize the
molecules of water in food.
_____ 9. Conduction is the best method of heat transfer when dealing with
fluids and gases.

III. Essay

Direction: Answer the following questions.

1. Describe how convection occurs in the atmosphere and give an example.

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Advantages of radiation over conduction and convection in heat transfer.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Describe a daily situation in which you experience heat through
conduction.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

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 Answer Key

Test I. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. c) Conduction
2. b) Warm air rising from a heater
3. c) Radiation
4. b) Warm particles move up and cooler particles move down, creating a
current.
5. b) It is less efficient because particles are farther apart in gases and
liquids.

Test II. True or False

6. a) True
7. b) False
8. a) True
9. b) False

Test III. Essay (Possible answer)

1. Conduction is the process of heat transfer through direct contact with
particles. When in contact between a hotter object and a cooler object,
the heat flows out from the hot into the cooler until they are equal in
temperature.
A metal spoon heats up when it is plunged into a bowl of hot soup
because the heat transferred from the soup into the spoon.

Convection is the transfer of heat in fluids-that is, either liquids or

gases. A heated fluid expands and becomes less dense, causing it to
rise. The cooler, denser fluid sinks, creating a cycle for the transfer of
heat called a convection current.
Example: The warm air near the heater rises and the cooler air moves
in to replace it, thus warming the room.

2. Advantages of radiation: Radiation can transfer heat without a need for

any medium; therefore, it can travel by space, such as the heat from
the sun to reach Earth. This makes radiation very effective for
transferring heat over long distances, especially in a vacuum.

3. Example of conduction: The simplest example of conduction in my life

is when I touch a metal spoon that has remained for quite some time in
a hot bowl of soup. It is hot because the heat from the soup was
transferred directly to the spoon from the soup.

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 Rubric for Heat Transfer Real-Life Applications Activity

Needs
Criteria Excellent (4) Proficient Basic (2) Improvement
(3) (1)
Understanding Demonstrates a Demonstrat Demonstrates Demonstrates
of Heat thorough es a good some little or no
Transfer understanding understandi understanding understanding
of all three ng of heat but has of the types of
types of heat transfer difficulty heat transfer.
transfer types and correctly Incorrectly
(conduction, correctly identifying or identifies or
convection, identifies explaining fails to explain
radiation). and explains certain heat heat transfer
Accurately most of the transfer types. methods.
identifies and scenarios.
explains the
type of heat
transfer for all
scenarios.
Application of Actively Actively Participates Little to no
Knowledge to participates, participates but may have participation
Scenarios listens, and and difficulty in the group
contributes to contributes; working with discussion or
the discussion. however, others or may activity.
All group some not contribute Group work is
members members equally to the poorly
collaborate may group’s work. coordinated.
equally and contribute
effectively less than
others.
Clarity and Presentation is Presentation Presentation Presentation
Organization clear, well- is clear and is somewhat is
of Presentation organized, and organized, unclear or disorganized,
easy to follow. but minor poorly unclear, and
The explanation issues with organized, difficult to
is logically flow or making it follow.
structured, with clarity. difficult to
a strong follow.
introduction
and conclusion.
Explanation of Provides a Provides a Provides a Fails to
Heat Transfer detailed and clear basic explain the
Process accurate explanation explanation, heat transfer
explanation of of the heat but lacks process or
the heat transfer clarity or provides
transfer process, misses key inaccurate or
process, using with minor details in the incomplete
scientific terms errors or process. information.
correctly and omissions in
appropriately. detail.

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 Creativity and The group The group The group The
Engagement shows presents the presents presentation
exceptional examples in examples, but lacks
creativity in an engaging with little creativity and
explaining the manner with creativity or fails to engage
real-life some engagement. the class
examples and creativity. effectively
engages the
class effectively.

Scoring Guide:

• 16-20 Points: Excellent – Demonstrates strong understanding,

excellent teamwork, clear presentation, and a comprehensive
explanation of heat transfer concepts.
• 11-15 Points: Proficient – Demonstrates a good understanding of the
concepts, with some minor issues in teamwork, explanation, or
presentation.
• 6-10 Points: Basic – Shows limited understanding and difficulty
applying heat transfer concepts. Some problems with teamwork,
explanation, and presentation.
• 1-5 Points: Needs Improvement – Demonstrates little or no
understanding of the concepts, with issues in both group work and
presentation.

Rubric for Essay on Heat Transfer

Needs
Criteria Excellent (4) Good (3) Satisfactory Improveme
(2) nt (1)
Content Fully Answers most Incomplete Lacks
Accuracy answers all questions answers with important
and questions clearly, but missing or details and
Completen with clear, some details unclear contains
ess accurate or examples details/exampl factual
details and may be es. errors.
relevant missing.
examples

Understan Shows a deep Shows a good Basic Lacks

ding of understandin understanding understanding understandi
Concepts g of but with , but some ng or has
convection, minor confusion or major
radiation, mistakes or misunderstan misconcepti
and oversimplificat dings. ons.
conduction. ions.

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 Use of Provides Good Some Missing or
Examples clear, examples for examples, but unclear
relevant most they may not examples.
examples for concepts, but be fully
each some may be relevant or
concept. vague. explained.
Clarity Well- Organized, Somewhat Lacks
and organized, but some disorganized, structure,
Organizati easy to transitions hard to follow difficult to
on follow. Each may be at times. follow.
question is unclear.
clearly
answered.

Depth of Provides Good analysis, Basic analysis, Lacks

Analysis detailed but lacks full but doesn't meaningful
analysis, depth or explore analysis or
making connections. concepts real-world
connections deeply. connections
to real-world .
applications.

Language Clear, Few Several errors, Many

and concise, and grammar/spel making it errors,
Mechanics free of ling errors, harder to read. difficult to
grammar/sp but still understand
elling errors. readable.

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