ED304: SECTION E
TUESDAY 5:00- 8:00 PM
CHAPTER 7:
CULTURE Prepared by:
Sarah Mailyn Celis, Lovely D. Gocela, Camille Olmogues
DISCUSSANTS
Sarah Mailyn Celis Lovely D. Gocela Camille Olmogues
“IT IS NOT OUR DIFFERENCES
THAT DIVIDE US. IT IS OUR
INABILITY TO RECOGNIZE,
ACCEPT, AND CELEBRATE
THOSE DIFFERENCES”
Audre Lorde
DEFINING CULTURE
Culture is a way of life which includes the
language, beliefs, norms, values, costumes and
material objects, which are shared and pass
through from one generation to another
generation.
Culture as unique human efforts .
Culture as refinement and mannerism.
Culture as civilization .
Culture as Shared language, beliefs, and
values .
Culture as dominant or hegemonic culture.
Culture as the shifting tensions between the
shared and the unshared.
CULTURE INVOLVES BELIEFS
Beliefs are shared ideas about
what is true.
Beliefs provide a meaning
system.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
CULTURE
1. Culture is Learned
Culture is acquired through
socialization, observation, and
imitation. It is dynamic process that
adapts to changing environments
and experience.
2. Culture is Shared
Culture patterns are collectively experienced
and agreed upon, creating a sense of belonging
and shared identity within a community.
3. Culture Involves Large Groups of
People
Interaction within larged groups foster
shared perspections and experiences,
contributing to the development and
transmission of cultural values.
4. Culture is Dynamic and Heterogeneous
Culture involves over time and place,
reflecting human adaptation and diverse
perspective within a society.
5. Culture is Affects Behavior
Culture beliefs, values, and norms shape
individual thoughts and actions, influencing
behavior and decision-making.
6. Culture Involves Feelings
Culture not only encompasses ideas and
beliefs but also influence emotions and how
individuals respond to different situations.
7. Culture Involves Beliefs, Values, Norms,
and Social Practices.
Culture provides a framework for
understanding right and wrong, shaping social
interactions and guiding behavior within a
community.
Material and Non-Material
Culture
Material culture consists of all physical, tangible and human-
created objects which people make use of them and share.
This includes tools, buildings, clothing, toys, work of arts, cars,
and broadcast media.
Ferrante 2014- sociologists strive to understand the larger
context in which the object exists by identifying meanings
people assign to the object and the way it is used.
Non- Material culture is intangible, abstract or ideas about
culture. Non- material culture can be found in everyday
patterns of life such as norms, symbols, values, customs, and
beliefs of people.
ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
• the culture on our heads
values, beliefs, knowledge and norms
• communicating culture
symbols and language
• reproducing culture
behaviors and objects
Culture on our Heads- these elements shape the people's
orientation on how the people think, behave and view the
world
Values- these are collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or
bad, and desirable or undesirable
Beliefs- shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture about
what is true
Knowledge- the range of information , awareness, that helps us navigate our
world
Norms- set of established rulesbof behavior or conduct, a
culture's expectations for appropriate behavior
Types of Folkways
general standards of behavior adhered to by a group
Mores- strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior
Communicating Culture- communicate the
concepts and ideas of culture to another person
Language-
Education plays the ability
a vital role in to communicate in symbols, in
passing
an abstract
cultural system
beliefs and knowledge of from
word meanings and symbols
one
generation to another. A culture survives or is
for all aspects of culture ( speech,
preserved through the passing of knowledge
numerals,
symbols
about their own culture from generation to
the next. Thus, education or schooling is really
essential in a cultural pattern or system.
Symbols- gestures, words, sounds, objects
Reproducing Culture- manifest the product of culture
and how it is being transmitted, utilized and shown
from one generation to another
Behavior- actions associated with group that help reproduce a
distinct way of life
Cultural Objects- basic element of material culture , these are
physical items (artifacts) that are created by and associated
with people who share a culture
ESSENTIAL
FUNCTIONS OF
CULTURE
(Kumar)
ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS
OF CULTURE
1. Culture Defines Situations
2. Culture Defines Attitudes, Values, and
Goods
3. Culture is the Treasury of Knowledge
4. Culture Decides Our Career
5. Culture Provides Behavior Pattern
6. Culture somehow dictates what
should be done and thought by an
individual.
ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS
OF CULTURE
7. Culture Makes Man a Human Being
8. Culture Provides Solution for Complicated
Situations
9. Culture Provides Traditional Interpretations
to Certain Situation
10. Culture Keeps Social Relationship Intact
11. Culture Broadens the Outlooks of the
Individual
12. Culture Creates New Needs
CULTURAL
TRANSMISSION
AND EDUCATION
CULTURAL
TRANSMISSION
Cultural transmission is the process of
passing on culture from one generation
to the next.
Two (2) Methods of Cultural Transmission:
1. Enculturation
2. Acculturation
Two (2) Methods of Cultural Transmission:
1. ENCULTURATION
The process of teaching another person
or group of persons about certain
beliefs, values, ideas, and the likes of a
person from a different culture.
2. ACCULTURATION
Acculturation deals with being able to
learn or adapt the behavior of another
culture, in order to fit and be in harmony
with another culture
THE ROLE OF
EDUCATION
Education plays a vital role in passing
cultural beliefs and knowledge from one
generation to another. A culture survives or is
preserved through the passing of knowledge
about their own culture from generation to
the next. Thus, education or schooling is really
essential in a cultural pattern or system.
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