DESCRIBE A STEP-BY-STEP PROCESS
SAMPLE
The diagram below shows how olive oil is produced and prepared for sale.
The diagram illustrates the process by which olive oil is produced.
Overall, this is a step-by-step process that is comprised of seven stages, from the harvesting of
the mature fruit from olive trees to the packaging and sale of the finished product.
Initially, ripe olives are harvested from trees by farmers and then taken to a rinsing machine
where they are washed in cold water. After being rinsed, the olives are transferred via a conveyor
belt to another special machine which grinds the olives, thereby separating the fruit from the
seeds. During this stage, the olives are smashed into a paste while the olive stones are removed/,
with the olive stones being removed.
The olive paste is then placed in perforated bags before being put through a pressing machine,
followed by another process where any excess water is separated from the oil. Finally, the olive
oil is packaged and delivered to shops where it can be sold.
Step 1: Write an introduction
The diagram below shows how olive oil is produced and prepared for sale.
The diagram illustrates the process by which olive oil is produced.
Step 2: Write an overview
Overall, this is a step-by-step process that is comprised of seven stages, from the harvesting of
the mature fruit from olive trees to the packaging and sale of the finished product.
Step 3: Use Present Simple, Passive Voice
ripe olives are harvested from trees
Step 4: Use a variety of linking words
Version 1: Simple, mechanical writing
Olives are harvested. Then they are taken to a machine to rinse in cold water, then transferred
through a belt for grinding. The seeds are removed from the olive paste.
Version 2: Fluent and natural writing
Initially, olives are harvested from trees by farmers and then taken to a machine for washing in
cold water. After being rinsed, the olives are transferred via a conveyor belt to another machine
which grinds the olives to separate the fruit from the seeds.
Step 5: Add “Band 7+” finishing touches (why something is done, adjectives, explanations)
Initially, ripe olives are harvested from trees by farmers and then taken to a rinsing machine
where they are washed in cold water. After being rinsed, the olives are transferred via a
conveyor belt to another special machine which grinds the olives, thereby separating the fruit
from the seeds.
WRITNG TEMPLATE
Introduction: The (provided) diagram/ graph
- depicts the production of …
- reveals the process of producing/making …
- illustrates the process by which/in which N is produced.
Overview: Overall, it is evident from the diagram that
- there are distinctly … steps in this process, beginning with … and ending
with ….
- there are … different steps in this process, from the initial … to the
eventual ….
- … main steps are shown in the process, which starts at … and ends at ….
- there are … steps, in which [name of material/ingredient] is used to
produce/make ….
- the process of producing/ making … is done mostly by hand/ is done mostly
in factories with the help of machinery.
Body 1: The process begins with … Subsequently, …. This is followed by
another step in which …
Body 2: After …, … Finally, …
SENTENCE STRUCTURES
1. Using adverbs
Initially/ Firstly/ At the first stage, Initially, ripe olives are collected by farmers.
…
Over the course of …, Over the course of rinsing, the collected olives are put
Next, … into a machine for cold washing.
In the second/third stage, … In the second stage, the collected olives are put into a
rinsing machine for washing with cold water.
Ultimately,/ Finally, … Finally, the finished products are packaged and delivered
At the final stage, … to shops for sale.
2. Using clauses
The process commences/ starts/ The process commences when ripe olives are collected by
begins when … farmers.
The process continues when … The process continues when the cleaned olives are
transferred to a conveyor belt to a special grinding
machine.
The process ends when … The process ends when olive oil is packaged and
delivered to shops for sale.
3. Using noun phrases
The process commences/ starts/ The process commences with the harvesting of ripe
begins with … olives.
The process ends with … The process ends with delivery of the finished products to
shops for sale.
4. Others
where … The collected olives are then taken to a machine where they are
washed with cold water.
which … The collected olives are then taken to a machine which uses cold
water to rinse the fruit.
Once/After stage A, Once the cleaned olives are ground in a special machine, olive paste
stage B is kept while the stones are removed.
Stage A, following The cleaned olives are smashed, following which the resulting olive
which stage B paste is put into perforated bags while the stones are removed.
thereby V-ing The olives are transferred via a conveyor belt to another machine
which grinds the olives, thereby separating the fruit from the seeds.
PRACTICE 1
1. Quy trình bắt đầu khi quả cà phê chín được thu hoạch.
2. Đầu tiên, cà phê chín được thu hoạch bởi người nông dân.
3. Quy trình bắt đầu bằng việc thu hoạch quả cà phê.
4. Trong quá trình làm khô, người nông dân dùng cào để phơi quả cà phê dưới ánh nắng mặt trời,
rồi sau đó đưa cà phê vào một chiếc máy nơi cà phê được rang.
5. Tiếp theo, cà phê được đưa vào một chiếc máy khác mà làm lạnh chúng nhanh, theo sau đó cà
phê được nghiền và trộn với nước.
6. Hỗn hợp được tạo thành được vắt để loại bỏ nước trước khi được đưa vào làm đông.
7. Máy nghiền lại được sử dụng để nghiền dung dịch cà phê đông lạnh, rồi sau đó dung dịch
được đưa vào máy làm khô để loại bỏ ẩm.
8. Quy trình kết thúc khi bột cà phê được cho vào lọ, đóng nắp để bảo quản và dán nhãn.
PRACTICE 2
The diagram shows the stages involved in the process of making leather goods.
Vocabulary
air-dried
loaded onto trucks
chemical treatments
concentrated lime
rolling machine
tank
everyday products