Group 2 R&W5 - SAT

A. Reading
I. IELTS Reading structure – Nguyễn Trần Anh Như
1) Overview of IELTS Reading

The IELTS Reading test lasts 60 minutes and consists of 3 passages with a
total of 40 questions. There are two types of IELTS Reading tests:
Academic Reading and General Training Reading, each designed for
different test-takers.

2) IELTS Academic Reading

For the Academic Reading test, passages are taken from books, journals,
magazines, and research articles. The topics cover academic subjects such
as science, history, and culture. The difficulty level increases with each
passage, requiring strong reading comprehension skills.

3) IELTS General Training Reading

The General Training Reading test is divided into three sections:

 Section 1: Short texts like notices, advertisements, and schedules.

 Section 2: Workplace-related texts such as instructions and

regulations.

 Section 3: A longer passage, usually descriptive or analytical. This

test is designed for everyday reading situations rather than academic
topics.

4) Common Question Types

The IELTS Reading test includes various question formats, such as:

a. Multiple Choice – Choose the correct answer.

b. True/False/Not Given – Determine if statements are accurate.

c. Yes/No/Not Given – Identify opinions or claims.

d. Matching Headings – Match headings to paragraphs.

 e. Matching Information – Find specific information in the text.

f. Sentence Completion – Fill in the missing words.

g. Summary Completion – Complete a summary with missing words.

h. Flowchart/Table/Diagram Completion – Fill in tables or diagrams.

i. Short Answer Questions – Answer concisely using information from

the text.

5) Effective Strategies for IELTS Reading

Here are some important strategies to improve your performance:

a. Manage Your Time Well: Spend about 20 minutes per passage.

b. Read the Questions First: This helps you focus on key details.

c. Use Skimming & Scanning: Skim for main ideas and scan for
specific details.

d. Underline Keywords: Highlight important words in the text and

questions.

e. Watch for Synonyms & Paraphrasing: IELTS often rewords

information.

f. Never Leave an Answer Blank: There is no penalty for wrong

answers, so always attempt every question.

II. IELTS Reading passage analysis - Lưu Châu Thanh Thúy

Educating psyche

A. (27) Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks

at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of
emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One
theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov,
which focuses on the power of suggestion.
B. Lozanov’s instructional technique is based on the evidence that the
connections made in the brain through unconscious processing (which
he calls non-specific mental reactivity) are more durable than those
made through conscious processing. Besides the laboratory evidence
for this, we know from our experience that we often remember what
we have perceived peripherally, long after we have forgotten what
 we set out to learn.(28, 29)If we think of a book we studied
months or years ago, we will find it easier to recall peripheral
details – the colour, the binding, the typeface, the table at the
library where we sat while studying it – than the content on
which we were concentrating. If we think of a lecture we
listened to with great concentration, we will recall the
lecturer’s appearance and mannerisms, our place in the
auditorium, the failure of the air-conditioning, much more
easily than the ideas we went to learn. Even if these peripheral
details are a bit elusive, they come back readily in hypnosis or when
we relive the event imaginatively, as in psychodrama. The details of
the content of the lecture, on the other hand, seem to have gone
forever.
C. This phenomenon can be partly attributed to the
common counterproductive approach to study (making extreme
efforts to memorise, tensing muscles, inducing fatigue), but it also
simply reflects the way the brain functions. Lozanov therefore made
indirect instruction (suggestion) central to his teaching system. (30)In
suggestopedia, as he called his method, consciousness is
shifted away from the curriculum to focus on something
peripheral. The curriculum then becomes peripheral and is
dealt with by the reserve capacity of the brain.
D. The suggestopedic approach to foreign language learning provides a
good illustration. In its most recent variant (1980), it consists of the
reading of vocabulary and text while the class is listening to music. The
first session is in two parts. In the first part, the music is classical
(Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms) and the teacher reads the text slowly
and solemnly, with attention to the dynamics of the music. The
students follow the text in their books. This is followed by
several minutes of silence. In the second part, they listen to
baroque music (Bach, Corelli, Handel) while the teacher reads
the text in a normal speaking voice. During this time they have
their books closed. During the whole of this session, their attention is
passive; they listen to the music but make no attempt to learn the
material.
E. Beforehand, the students have been carefully prepared for the
language learning experience. (32) Through meeting with the staff
and satisfied students they develop the expectation that
learning will be easy and pleasant and that they will
successfully learn several hundred words of the foreign
 language during the class. In a preliminary talk, the teacher
introduces them to the material to be covered, but does not ‘teach’ it.
Likewise, the students are instructed not to try to learn it during this
introduction.
F. Some hours after the two-part session, (33) there is a follow-up
class at which the students are stimulated to recall the
material presented. Once again the approach is indirect. The
students do not focus their attention on trying to remember the
vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate (e.g.
through games or improvised dramatisations). Such methods are not
unusual in language teaching. What is distinctive in the suggestopedic
method is that they are devoted entirely to assisting recall. The
‘learning’ of the material is assumed to be automatic and effortless,
accomplished while listening to music. The teacher’s task is to assist
the students to apply what they have learned paraconsciously, and
in doing so to make it easily accessible to
consciousness. (36) Another difference from conventional
teaching is the evidence that students can regularly learn 1000
new words of a foreign language during a suggestopedic
session, as well as grammar and idiom.
G. Lozanov experimented with teaching by direct suggestion during sleep,
hypnosis and trance states, but found such procedures unnecessary.
Hypnosis, yoga, Silva mind-control, religious ceremonies and faith
healing are all associated with successful suggestions, but none of
their techniques seem to be essential to it. Such rituals may be seen
as placebos. (37, 38) Lozanov acknowledges that the ritual
surrounding suggestion in his own system is also a placebo but
maintains that without such a placebo people are unable or
afraid to tap the reserve capacity of their brains. Like any
placebo, it must be dispensed with authority to be effective. Just as a
doctor calls on the full power of autocratic suggestion by insisting that
the patient take precisely this white capsule precisely three times a
day before meals, Lozanov is categoric in insisting that the
suggestopedic session be conducted exactly in the manner designated,
by trained and accredited suggestopedic teachers.
H. (39, 40) While suggestopedia has gained
some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern
languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular
results of Lozanov and his associates. We can, perhaps, attribute
mediocre results to an inadequate placebo effect. The students have
 not developed the appropriate mind set. They are often not motivated
to learn through this method. They do not have enough ‘faith’. They do
not see it as ‘real teaching’, especially as it does not seem to involve
the ‘work’ they have learned to believe is essential to learning.

Task 1: Multiple choice – Choose the correct answer

27. The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

 A. the power of suggestion in learning.

 B. a particular technique for learning based on emotions.

 C. the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.

 D. ways of learning which are not traditional.

 Infor: Para A, first sentence

 Answer: D

28. Lozanov’s theory claims that, when we try to remember things

 A. unimportant details are the easiest to recall.

 B. concentrating hard produces the best results.

 C. the most significant facts are most easily recalled.

 D. peripheral vision is not important.

 Infor: Para B, third sentence

 Answer: A

[Link] this passage, the author uses the examples of a book and a lecture to
illustrate that

1) A. both of these are important for developing concentration.

2) B. his theory about methods of learning is valid.

3) C. reading is a better technique for learning than listening.

4) D. we can remember things more easily under hypnosis.

 Infor: Para B, the third and fourth sentences

  Answer: B

30. Lozanov claims that teachers should train students to

 A. memorise details of the curriculum.

 B. develop their own sets of indirect instructions.

 C. think about something other than the curriculum content.

 D. avoid overloading the capacity of the brain.

 Infor: Para C, the last two sentences

 Answer: C

Task 2: True / False / Not given – Verify the statement’s accuracy

31. In the example of suggestopedic teaching in the fourth paragraph, the
only variable that changes is the music.

 Infor: Para D, from sentence 3 to the end

 Answer: False

32. Prior to the suggestopedia class, students are made aware that the
language experience will be demanding.

 Infor: Para E, the first and the second sentences

 Answer: False

33. In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in
conventional classes.

 Infor: Para F, the first and the second sentences

 Answer: True

34. As an indirect benefit, students notice improvements in their memory.

 Infor: key word in Para F but information about “the benefits

for students's memory” is not given.
 Answer: Not given
35. Teachers say they prefer suggestopedia to traditional approaches to
language teaching.

 Infor: key word in Para F and Para H but information about

“Which method do teachers prefer” is not given
 Answer: Not given

36. Students in a suggestopedia class retain more new vocabulary than

those in ordinary classes.

 Infor: Para F, the last sentence

 Answer: True
Task 3: Summary completion - Complete a summary with missing words
Suggestopedia uses a less direct method of suggestion than other
techniques such as hypnosis. However, Lozanov admits that a certain
amount of 37………… is necessary in order to convince students, even if this
is just a 38………… Furthermore, if the method is to succeed, teachers must
follow a set procedure. Although Lozanov’s method has become quite
39………… the results of most other teachers using this method have been
40…………

A. spectacular ( B. teaching ( C. lesson

ngoạn mục) giảng dạy) (bài học)

E. unpopular
D. authoritarian F. ritual (
(không phổ
(độc tài) lễ nghi)
biến)

I. involve
G. unspectacula
H. placebo (g d (có
r (không ngoạn
iả) liên
mục)
quan)

J. appropriate (t K. well-
hích hợp) known (phổ
 biến)

 Question 37 + 38:
 Infor: Para G, the third sentence
 Answer:
o 37) F – ritual
o 38) H – placebo

 Question 39 + 40:
 Infor: Para H, the first sentence
 Answer:
o 39) K – well-known
o 40) G - unspectacular

III. Task-solving strategies – Lưu Châu Thanh Thúy

1) Skim the Passage (2-3 minutes)
o Read titles, headings, first & last sentences to get the main idea.
2) Read the Questions Carefully (2 minutes)
o Identify keywords & understand question types.
3) Scan for Keywords (5-7 minutes per passage)
o Look for numbers, dates, names, and synonyms.
4) Read in Detail & Find the Answer
o Focus on the sentence containing the answer, watch out for
traps.
5) Write the Answer Correctly
o Check spelling, grammar, and word limits.
6) Manage Your Time Wisely
o Spend 20 mins per passage, don’t get stuck on one question.

IV. Tips for reading – Lưu Châu Thanh Thúy

1) Use only the passage information, not personal knowledge.
2) Watch for synonyms
o The text rarely repeats exact words.
3) Be careful with absolute words (always, never, only)
o They often indicate False.
 4) Not Given ≠ False
o If there’s not enough info, choose Not Given.
5) Manage your time well
o Don’t spend too long on one question.
6) Read instructions carefully
o Follow word limits exactly.
7) Pay attention to question order
o Answers usually follow the passage sequence
8) If stuck, move on
o Don’t waste time; come back later if needed.

V. Introduce new vocabulary – Lưu Châu Thanh Thúy

Word Lev Part of Definition Synonyms

el speech

Associate B2 N To connect Link, connect,

something with affiliate
something else; a
partner

Emulate C1 V To try to be like Imitate,

someone or mimic, copy
something you
admire

Notoriety C1 N The state of being Infamy,

famous for disrepute,
something bad dishonor

Placebo C1 N A substance with Dummy pill,

no effect, used as a fake
control in testing treatment

Categori C1 Adj Expressed very Absolute,

c clearly with no definite,
doubt explicit

Paraconsciously C2 Adv In a way that is Subconscious

beyond normal ly,
conscious subliminally
awareness

Preliminary C1 Adj Happening before Initial,

something more preparatory,
 important introductory

Solemnly C1 Adv In a serious and Seriously,

formal way gravely,
formally

Counterproducti C1 Adj Having the Ineffective,

ve opposite effect of harmful, self-
what is intended defeating

Elusive C1 Adj Difficult to find, Mysterious,

catch, or achieve vague,
intangible

Mannerism C1 N A habitual gesture Quirk,

or way of speaking peculiarity,
or behaving habit

Peripheral C1 Adj Not central or most Secondary,

important minor,
marginal

VI. Useful structures – Lưu Châu Thanh Thúy

Structure Function General Ex from the

Formula Passage
Relative Adds extra Noun + [relative "Educating
Clause information about a pronoun Psyche by Bernie
noun concisely. (who/which/that)] Neville is a book
+ clause which looks at
radical new
approaches to
learning."
Reduced Condenses Noun + "...describing the
Relative descriptive details (present/past effects of
Clause/Participi without starting a participle) [+ emotion,
al Phrase new sentence. additional info] imagination and
the unconscious
on learning."
Comparative Compares qualities to Subject + be + "The connections
Structure highlight differences. comparative made in the brain
adjective + than through
 + object unconscious
processing are
more durable
than those made
through
conscious
processing."
Conditional Expresses a condition If + condition "If we think of a
Sentence and its result (cause– clause, (then) book we studied
effect relationship). result clause months or years
ago, we will find
it easier to recall
peripheral
details..."
Concessive Introduces a Although/Even if "Even if these
Clause contrasting idea or + clause, main peripheral details
concession before the clause are a bit elusive,
main point. they come back
readily in
hypnosis..."

B. Writing
I. Introduce - Nguyễn Trần Thảo An
 Topic: Should scientific research focus mainly on health problems, or
are there more important issues? Discuss both views and give your
opinion
 Key phrase: Scientific studies- should health be the top priority
II. Analyze the Question

While scientific research on health issues is essential for safeguarding

human well-being, it is equally important to address other pressing global
challenges. By diversifying scientific efforts, humanity can achieve
sustainable progress and tackle a wider range of issues that affect our planet
and future generations.

1) Critical thinking question discussion

● Should scientific research be guided by immediate human needs, such as health, or long-
term global challenges like climate change? Why?

 Scientific research should balance both short-term health emergencies and long-
term global challenges to ensure sustainable development.

● Is it ethical to allocate more funding and resources to health-related research when

environmental issues and food security also threaten human survival?

 Allocating resources fairly across different fields is essential to address the

diverse needs of humanity and avoid neglecting critical global issues.

● How can governments and scie–ntific institutions strike a balance between investing in
health research and other scientific advancements like renewable energy or space
exploration?

 Governments and scientific institutions can achieve balance by funding both

health initiatives and advancements in technology, energy, and agriculture.

● Can advancements in health research, such as biotechnology, contribute to solving other

global issues like hunger and pollution?

 Biotechnology can contribute to solving environmental issues and food security

through innovations like genetically modified crops and renewable energy
solutions.

● How can scientific research address the needs of both developed and developing
countries, especially in areas like healthcare, clean water, and sustainable agriculture?
  Scientific research should focus on both developed and developing nations to
ensure equal access to healthcare, clean water, and food security.

● What are the potential risks of focusing too heavily on health research while neglecting
environmental and technological innovation?

 Overemphasis on health research may hinder progress in other fields, leading to

environmental degradation and food shortages.

● How can collaboration between health scientists, environmental researchers, and

engineers lead to more holistic solutions for global issues?

 Collaboration between scientists from different fields can lead to holistic solutions
that address health, environment, and technology challenges simultaneously.

● Should scientific research be driven by government funding or private companies’

interests? How does this influence the focus on health or other fields?

 A balanced partnership between public and private sectors can ensure innovation
while maintaining ethical standards and accessibility.

2) Brainstorm the Ideas following PEEL structure (Point -

Explain - Example - Link)
a) Introduction
 Hook (General statement to attract attention): The role of
scientific research in addressing global challenges has sparked debate
in recent years.

 Background Information (Explain the topic briefly): Some argue

that scientific research should primarily focus on solving health
problems, others believe that other global issues, such as climate
change and food security, also require attention.

 Thesis Statement (State your opinion clearly): While health-

related research is essential for saving lives, other scientific fields like
environmental protection and technology innovation are equally
significant.
 b) Body Paragraph 1: Prioritize Health Research
 Point: Scientific research should focus on health problems as it
directly affects human life and well-being.

 Explain: Health issues, such as pandemics and chronic diseases, pose

immediate threats to global populations and require urgent solutions.

 Example: The COVID-19 pandemic and the rapid development of

vaccines saved millions of lives and prevented further economic
collapse.

 Link: Without scientific advancements in healthcare, society would

struggle to control future diseases and improve public health
outcomes.

c) Body Paragraph 2: Focus on Global Challenges (Environmental and

Technological Research)
 Point: Investing in other fields like renewable energy and
environmental protection can address long-term global challenges.

 Explain: Climate change and pollution threaten human survival and

future generations.

 Example: Scientific advancements in renewable energy and water

purification technology can prevent global warming and provide clean
water for developing countries.

 Link: Scientific efforts in these areas are essential to ensure

sustainable development and improve living standards globally.

d) Body Paragraph 3: Balance Between Health and Other Fields

 Point: A balanced approach that prioritizes both health research and
other scientific fields is necessary.

 Explain: Over-focusing on health might neglect other critical issues

like food security and environmental degradation.

 Example: Biotechnology not only improves healthcare but also

contributes to agriculture through genetically modified crops, solving
hunger and malnutrition.

 Link: Integrating scientific knowledge from multiple fields can lead to

holistic solutions for global problems.
 e) Conclusion

 Restate the Thesis (Summarize your main point): While scientific

research on health issues is essential for safeguarding human well-
being, other global challenges also demand attention.

 Summarize Key Points (Briefly restate the main arguments):

Addressing environmental issues and food security will benefit
humanity in the long run.

 Final Thought (Provide a broader perspective or call to action):

A balanced approach to scientific research will ensure a healthier and
more sustainable future for future generations.

3) Provide Related Vocabulary

Word Level Part of Definition Synonyms
speech
Alleviate C1 V To reduce or ease. Ease, mitigate,
relieve
Dire C1 NP Extremely serious Grave dangers,
threats dangers. serious risks
Plagues C1 N Widespread Epidemics,
diseases that scourges
cause high
mortality.
Pollution B1 N Contamination of Contamination,
the environment, environmental
causing harm. degradation
Food security C1 NP Reliable access to (N/A)*,
sufficient and sometimes
nutritious food "food stability"
Famine B2 N Extreme scarcity Starvation, food
of food. crisis
Starvation, B2 NP The increase in Climate change
food crisis Earth's
temperature due
to human
activities.
Timely B2 NP Coming at the Prompt arrival,
arrival right moment. punctual
delivery
Infectious B2 NP Illnesses that can Communicable
disease spread from disease
person to person.
Well-being B2 N A state of being Welfare, health
 healthy and
comfortable.

4) Useful structures and grammar

a. For Introduction:

 Paraphrase the question

 State both views
 Thesis statement (your opinion)

Function Structures

Paraphrase the question There is an ongoing debate about whether...

Introduce both views While some people believe that..., others argue
that...

Thesis statement Personally, I support the view that...

b. For Body Paragraph

EXPLAIN THE REASONS FOR EACH OPINION + SUPPORT WITH
EXAMPLES

Function Structures

One reason why scientific research should

Topic sentence
focus on health is that...
Explanation This is because... / This allows scientists to...
A typical example of this is... / For
Example
instance,...

Concluding sentence Therefore,... / Hence,...

 OTHER ISSUES SHOULD BE PRIORITIZED

Function Structures

Topic sentence On the other hand, some people argue that...

Explanation This is because... / This enables scientists to...

Example For example,... / A clear example is...

Concluding As a result,... / Consequently,...

sentence

GIVING OPINION - BALANCED APPROACH

Function Structures

Topic sentence Personally, I believe that...

Explanation Not only does this approach..., but it also...

Example For instance,... / An example of this is...

Concluding sentence Therefore,... / Thus,...

c. For Conclusion

 Restate your opinion

  Summarize the main arguments
 Final thought (Give a suggestion or prediction for the future)

Function Structures

Restate your opinion In conclusion, I firmly believe that...

Summarize key points This is because... / Both areas are essential for...

Final thought Only by... can we...

d. Grammar to focus on for this type of

essay

Grammar Example Sentence

Structures

Passive voice Scientific research should be conducted to prevent future pandemics.

Conditional If scientists only focus on health, other critical issues will be neglected.
sentences

Complex sentences Although health is important, scientific research should not ignore
environmental issues.
 Relative clauses Scientific studies, which have saved millions of lives, play a crucial role
in society.

Causative structures Investing in science enables researchers to find innovative solutions.

e. Suggested Essay Layout

Part Function Typical Grammar

Introduction Paraphrase + Both views + Opinion Complex sentences

Body 1 (View 1) Reason + Example + Impact Passive voice, conditional sentences

Body 2 (View 2) Reason + Example + Impact Causative structures

Body 3 (Your opinion) Balanced approach Relative clauses

Conclusion Restate + Summarize + Final thought Mixed grammar

5) Sample essay

Whether scientific research should focus on alleviating global health issues or other problems
has gained traction. Personally, I agree with the latter opinion for a number of reasons.

On the one hand, finding a solution to world health problems is a pressing matter that should be
pursued by the scientific world. As health issues can affect people’s well-being immediately and
on a wide scale should that be an infectious disease, scientists’ efforts and attention can be
valuable in saving many people’s lives. Take the Covid-19 pandemic for example. Though it is
relatively new, it has posed dire threats to people’s physical and mental well-being and finances.
Without the timely arrival of vaccines, it would have been as deadly as previous plagues in
history, such as the Black Death or the Spanish Flu.

On the other hand, advocates of devoting scientific research to alleviating other worldwide
issues have grounds to believe that this can bring people more advantages. First, there are many
other critical issues that can affect humans on a wider scale, such as global warming and
pollution. Though people do not see their effects immediately, environmental problems harm
humans slowly and its impacts are difficult to reverse. Furthermore, apart from health, other
fundamentals for human’s survival are water and food. Without scientific advancements to
ensure food security, citizens in developing countries or areas hit with famine would not be able
to survive.

All in all, while health problems pose great risks to human’s well-being, scientific research
should not be solely conducted to solve them alone but should rather be directed towards other
pressing matters as well.

([Link]
mau-sample-tu-vung)

6) Additionally question

a. Scientific research plays a vital role in improving human life. One of

the most debated questions is whether it should prioritize health-
related studies or focus on solving other global challenges.
 Discuss both views and give your opinion.

b. Scientific advancements have significantly contributed to human

progress. While medical research has saved countless lives, other
fields like technology and environmental science are also crucial.
 Discuss both views and give your opinion.

c. With the rapid development of science and technology, many believe

that healthcare innovation should be prioritized to improve public
 health. However, others argue that environmental solutions and
renewable energy are more urgent.
 To what extent do you agree or disagree?

ANALYZING THE IDEAS THAT NEED TO BE EXPLAINED IN EACH

QUESTION

Your Version Main Focus (Ideas Needed)

Question 1: Scientific research plays a vital - Importance of health-related research (e.g.

role in improving human life. One of the curing diseases, improving healthcare
most debated questions is whether it should systems)
prioritize health-related studies or focus on
solving other global challenges. (Discuss - Importance of other fields like
both views and give your opinion.) environmental science, renewable energy,
and technology

- Your personal opinion on which one should

be prioritized

Question 2: Scientific advancements have - The impact of medical research (e.g.

significantly contributed to human progress. vaccines, treatments for deadly diseases)
While medical research has saved countless
lives, other fields like technology and - The impact of technology and
environmental science are also crucial. environmental science on human survival and
(Discuss both views and give your sustainability
opinion.)
- Your opinion on whether medical science
should be prioritized or not

Question 3: With the rapid development of - Importance of healthcare innovation (e.g.

science and technology, many believe that advanced treatments, mental health care)
healthcare innovation should be prioritized to
improve public health. However, others argue - The urgency of environmental protection
that environmental solutions and renewable (e.g. global warming, renewable energy
energy are more urgent. (To what extent do development)
you agree or disagree?)
- Your stance: Completely agree, partially
agree, or disagree
 THE STRUCTURE THAT SHOULD BE FOLLOWED IN EACH ONE

Question Type Structure to Follow

Question 1 & 2 (Discuss both views and give your Introduction: Paraphrase the topic + give a clear thesis
opinion) statement (mention both views + your opinion)
Body 1: Explain why health research is important
(give examples like COVID-19 vaccines)
Body 2: Explain why other fields like environmental
science and technology are vital (give examples like
renewable energy)
Conclusion: Restate your opinion

Question 3 (To what extent do you agree or disagree) Introduction: Paraphrase the topic + state your opinion
(Agree, partially agree, or disagree)
Body 1: Support your stance (e.g. healthcare saves
lives immediately)
Body 2: Acknowledge the opposing view (e.g.
environmental protection is also crucial)
Conclusion: Reinforce your position

BRAINSTORMING IDEAS

Topic 1: Scientific research plays a vital role in improving human life. One of
the most debated questions is whether it should prioritize health-related
studies or focus on solving other global challenges.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
1) Introduction:

● Background: Scientific research plays a crucial role in enhancing human life

● Paraphrase the topic
● Thesis statement: While health-related research is vital, other global challenges like
climate change and technology innovation are equally significant

2) Body Paragraph 1: Prioritizing Health-Related Research

● Point: Medical advancements improve life expectancy and quality of life

● Explain: Innovations like vaccines, cancer treatments, and mental health therapies
directly save lives
● Example: The development of COVID-19 vaccines saved millions of lives globally
 ● Link: Health research is essential for preventing future pandemics and tackling chronic
diseases

3) Body Paragraph 2: Focusing on Other Global Challenges

● Point: Environmental science and renewable energy innovations are critical for
sustainable development
● Explain: Addressing climate change and developing clean energy sources can prevent
future natural disasters
● Example: Solar energy technology reduces carbon emissions and combats global
warming
● Link: Scientific research should aim for long-term solutions for global sustainability

4) Conclusion:

● Restate both perspectives

● Personal opinion: A balanced approach that prioritizes both health and environmental
research

Topic 2: Scientific advancements have significantly contributed to human

progress. While medical research has saved countless lives, other fields like
technology and environmental science are also crucial.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
1) Introduction:

● Background: The role of scientific progress in human development

● Paraphrase the topic
● Thesis statement: Although medical research is vital, scientific breakthroughs in
technology and the environment are equally important

2) Body Paragraph 1: Importance of Medical Research

● Point: Medical research directly improves human health and longevity

● Explain: Advanced treatments for chronic diseases and vaccines for deadly viruses
● Example: The invention of antibiotics and vaccines
● Link: Medical advancements have saved millions of lives

3) Body Paragraph 2: Importance of Other Scientific Fields

● Point: Technology and environmental science solve global issues

 ● Explain: Renewable energy development reduces climate change and enhances
sustainability
● Example: Electric cars and solar panels reduce carbon emissions
● Link: Scientific research should focus on sustainable solutions for the future

4) Conclusion:

● Summarize key points

● Personal stance: Science should focus on both health and environmental solutions

Topic 3: With the rapid development of science and technology, many believe
that healthcare innovation should be prioritized to improve public health.
However, others argue that environmental solutions and renewable energy
are more urgent.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
1) Introduction:

● Background: The rise of science and technology in modern life

● Paraphrase the topic
● Thesis statement: I partially agree that healthcare innovation is essential, but
environmental science is equally crucial for long-term survival

2) Body Paragraph 1: Healthcare Innovation Should be Prioritized

● Point: Medical advancements improve public health and save lives

● Explain: Advanced treatments for heart disease, cancer, and mental health
● Example: The development of artificial organs and robotic surgery
● Link: Investing in healthcare innovation reduces healthcare costs and improves quality of
life

3) Body Paragraph 2: Environmental Solutions are More Urgent

● Point: Climate change and pollution threaten global survival

● Explain: Renewable energy reduces carbon emissions and protects the environment
● Example: Solar and wind energy technology
● Link: Without environmental solutions, public health will continue to decline

4) Conclusion:

● Restate both perspectives

● Personal opinion: A balanced approach with equal attention to both fields
7) Tips for writing
a) Diversify and Enrich Your Writing
a.1) Change Perspective (Approach the topic from a different angle)

o Example: Global Warming

 Original: Negative impacts of climate change on the environment.

 Adaptation: Economic benefits of climate change mitigation strategies

a.2) Change Scope (Expand or narrow the focus)

o Example: Technology in Education

 Original: The role of technology in improving student learning.

 Adaptation: The negative effects of technology on students' focus.

a.3) Change Essay Type (Switch between essay formats)

o Example: Online Learning

 Original (Opinion Essay): "Online learning is better than traditional

learning."
 Adaptation (Discussion Essay): "Discuss both advantages and
disadvantages of online learning."

a.4) Change the Target Audience (Adapt content for different readers)

o Example: Healthy Lifestyle

 Original: A guide for adults on maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

 Adaptation: An article for students on the benefits of healthy eating and
exercise.

a.5) Shift Focus from Cause → Solution → Effect (Reframe the discussion)

o Example: Traffic Congestion

  Original: Causes of urban traffic congestion.
 Adaptation: Solutions to reduce traffic congestion.

b) Adapt Writing Smoothly

b.1) Identify Similarities and Differences in the Questions

- Analyze how the new question differs from the original one and adjust only
the necessary parts instead of rewriting everything.

b.2) Adjust the Introduction to Fit the New Question

- Rephrase the question appropriately to ensure the introduction remains

relevant.

b.3) Adjust the Body Paragraphs to Match the New Question Type

- If the essay type changes, reorganize arguments accordingly.

b.4) Keep Examples but Rephrase Them for Logical Flow

- Retain relevant examples but adjust wording to fit the new question.

b.5) Be Careful with the Conclusion to Stay on Topic

- The conclusion must directly address the new question, not simply reuse
the old one

c) Common Question Types and How to Adjust When the Question Changes
c.1) Opinion (Agree/Disagree) – Expressing Personal Opinion

 If changed from "Do you agree or disagree?" → "To what extent do you
agree?", keep the same arguments but clarify or expand on the degree
of agreement.

 If the question includes a comparison (e.g., "Should governments

prioritize X over Y?"), add an evaluation of both factors.

c.2) Discussion (Discuss both views and give your opinion)

 If changed to an Opinion (Agree/Disagree) essay, focus on one

viewpoint and develop it more deeply.
 If changed to an Advantages and Disadvantages essay, transform the
two perspectives into benefits and drawbacks.

c.3) Advantages and Disadvantages – Analyzing Pros and Cons

 If changed to "Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?", add a
final evaluation of which side is more significant.
 If changed to a Discussion essay, use the same arguments but frame
them as opposing views.

c.4) Problem & Solution – Identifying Issues and Solutions

 If changed to "Causes and Effects", keep the causes but replace
solutions with consequences.
 If changed to an Opinion essay, argue which solution is the most
effective.

c.5) Two-part Question – Answering Two Aspects

 If only one part remains (e.g., only asking about causes), keep the
original arguments but remove the second part.
 If changed to a Problem-Solution essay, turn the causes into the
problem and solutions into the second part.