Academic Session: 2020-21

Definite
Integration

MATHEMATICS
Class XII
JEE (Main + Advanced)
 DEFINITE INTEGRATION
Index
Particular's Page No.

Theory 01–23

Exercise – 1 (Bronze) 24-34

Part – I Subjective Questions
Part – II Objective Questions

Exercise – 2 (Silver) 34-41

Part – I Only one option correct type
Part – II One or more than one option correct type

Exercise – 3 (Gold) 41-46

Part – I Single and double digit integer type
Part – II Match the column and Comprehension

Exercise – 4 (Platinum) 47-56

Part – I JEE (Main) Questions
Part – II JEE (Advanced) / Previous year subjective questions

Answer Key 57-60

Exercise – 5 (Diamond) 61-67

Part – I Objective Questions
Part – II Subjective Questions

Answer Key 68
Definite Integration

b
A definite integral is denoted by  f(x)dx which represent the algebraic area bounded by the curve y = f(x), the
a
ordinates x = a, x = b and the x axis.
1. THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF CALCULUS :
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus is appropriately named because it establishes a connection between
the two branches of calculus : differential calculus and integral calculus. Differential calculus arose from the
tangent problem, whereas integral calculus arose from a seemingly unrelated problem, the area problem.
Newton's teacher at Cambridge, Isaac Barrow (1630-1677), discovered that these two problems are actually
closely related. In fact, he realized that differentiation and integration
are inverse processes. The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Y
gives the precise inverse relationship between the derivative
and the integral. It was Newton and Leibnitz who exploited y = f(t)
this relationship and used it to develop calculus into a
systematic mathematical method. In particular, they saw area = g(x)
that the Fundamental Theorem enabled them to compute
areas and integrals very easily without having to compute
O a x b t
them as limits of sums.

Newton-Leibnitz formula:
b
d
lim F(x) – lim F(x).
Let dx (F(x)) = f(x)  x  (a, b). Then  f (x) dx =
a
x b  x a

b
lim F(x) – lim F(x).
Note : 1. If a > b, then  f (x) dx =
a
x b  x a

b
2. If F(x) is continuous at a and b, then  f (x) dx = F(b) – F(a)
a

b
3. If  f(x)dx  0  then the equation f(x) = 0 has atleast one root lying in (a, b) provided f is a
a
continuous function in (a,b).

PROPERTIES OF DEFINITE INTEGRAL :

b b

Property (1) 
a
f ( x ) dx =  f (t) dt
a
i.e. definite integral is independent of variable of integration.

b a

Property (2)  f (x ) dx = –  f (x ) dx
a b

1
Definite Integration
b c b

Property (3) 
a
f ( x ) dx =
 f ( x ) dx +  f (x ) dx, where c may lie inside or outside the interval [a, b].
a c

5
 x3 : x 3
Example # 1 If f(x) =  2
3 x  1 : x  3
, then find  f (x ) dx.
2

5 3
3 5  x2  3 5

Solution  f ( x ) dx = f ( x ) dx + f ( x ) dx = ( x  3 ) dx + (3 x  1) dx = 
   2
 3x  + x 3  x
 2  
2
  5
3
2 2 3 2 3
94 211
= + 3 (3 – 2) + 53 – 33 + 5 – 3 =
2 2
8

Example # 2 
Evaluate | x  5 | dx.
2
8 5 8

Solution  | x  5 | dx = 
2 2
(  x  5) dx +  ( x – 5) dx
5
=9

 | x| 2
3[x]  5 , x0
Example # 3 If f(x) =  x then  f(x)dx is equal to ([.] denotes the greatest integer function)
2, x0 3 / 2

11 7 17
(A) – (B) – (C) –6 (D) 
2 2 2
x y
Solution : 3[x] – 5  3[x]  5 , if x > 0
x 2
= 3[x] + 5, if x < 0 1
2 1 0 1 2 –2 –3/ 2 1 2 x
  f(x)dx =  (1)dx   (2 )dx   (5 )dx   (2 )dx
3 / 2 3 / 2 1 0 1 –2
 3 1 11 –5
= – 1  1    2(1)  1(5 )  (2) =   2  5  2   Ans. (A)
2 2 2
2
[x2 ]
Example # 4 The value of  (x  [x2 ]x )dx , where [.] denotes the greatest integer function, is equal to -
1

5 3 2 1 3
(A)  3  (2 2 ) (9  3 )
4 log 3

5 2 1 3 2 1 3
(B)  3  (2 2 ) (9  3 )
4 3 log 2 log 3

5 2 1 3 2 1 3
(C)   (2 2 ) (9  3 )
4 3 log 2 log 3
(D) none of these
2 2 3 2
2
Solution : We have, I =  (x[x ]  [x2 ]x )dx =  (x  1)dx   (x2  2 x )dx   (x
3
 3 x )dx
1 1 2 3

2 3 2
 x2   x3 2x   x4 3x 
=   x     
2 1  3 log 2  2
 4 log 3  3

5 2 1 3 2 1
=  3  (2 2 ) (3 2  3 3
) Ans. (B)
4 3 log 2 log 3

2
Definite Integration
20
1
Example # 5 Evaluate :  [cot x]dx . Here [.] is the greatest integer function.
1 0
20
Solution : I=  [cot
1
x]dx , we know cot–1 x  (0, )  x  R
1 0

3, x  (, cot 3 )

2, x  (cot 3, cot 2 )

Thus [cot–1 x] = 
1, x  (cot 2, cot1)
0 x  (cot1,  )
cot 3 cot 2 cot1 20
Hence I =  3 dx   2 dx   1dx   0 dx = 30 + cot1 + cot2 + cot3 Ans.
1 0 cot 3 cot 2 cot1
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
 a
a 2 f x  dx ,
a
f ( x ) dx = ( f ( x )  f (  x )) dx =  0
 if f (  x )  f ( x ) i.e. f ( x ) is even
Property (4)   
0, if f (  x )  f ( x ) i.e. f ( x ) is odd
a 0 

1
e x  ex
Example # 6 Evaluate 
1
1 ex
dx

1 1
e x  ex  e x  e x ex  e x 
 
Solution  1 ex
dx = 
0
 1 ex


1 ex  dx

1
1
 e x  e  x e x (e  x  e x )  1
(e 1  1) e2  1
 
= 
0
 1 ex


ex  1  dx =
  ( e x  e  x ) dx = e – 1 +
1
=
e
0

1/ 2
1  x
Example # 7 Evaluate  cos x l n  dx
 1  x 
1 / 2

1  x 1  x
Solution : f(–x) = cos(–x) l n  = –cos l n  = –f(x)
 1  x   1  x 
 f(x) is odd
Hence, the value of the given integral = 0. Ans.
2
cos x ex 2 x cos 2 x / 2 / 2

Example # 8 If f(x) = x2 sec x sin x  x3 , then the value of  (x2  1)(f(x)  f ''(x))dx
 / 2
1 2 x  tan x
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) none of these
2
cos x ex 2 x cos 2 x / 2
Solution : As, f(x) = x2 sec x sin x  x3
1 2 x  tan x
 f(–x) = – f(x)  f(x) is odd
 f'(x) is even  f''(x) is odd
Thus, f(x) + f''(x) is odd function let,
(x) = (x2 + 1).{f(x) + f''(x)}
 (–x) =  (x)
i.e. (x) is odd
/ 2

  (x)dx  0 Ans. (D)

 / 2

3
Definite Integration
b b

Property (5)  f ( x ) dx =  f (a  b  x ) dx
a
a

a a

Further 
0
f ( x ) dx =  f (a  x) dx
0

 
2 2
g (sin x ) g (cos x ) 
Example # 9 Prove that 
0
g (sin x )  g (cos x )
dx = 
0
g (sin x )  g (cos x )
dx = .
4


2
g (sin x )
Solution Let  = 
0
g (sin x )  g (cos x )
dx

    
2 g  sin  x   2
 2  g (cosx)
 =        
=  g (cosx)  g (sinx) dx
0 g  sin  x    g  cos  x   0
 2   2 
on adding, we obtain
 
2 2
 g (sin x ) g (cos x )  
2 =   g (sin x )  g (cos x )  g (cos x)  g (sin x)  dx
0
= 
0
dx =
4

Example # 10 If f, g, h be continuous functions on [0, a] such that f(a – x) = –f(x), g(a – x) = g(x) and
a
3h(x) – 4h(a – x) = 5, then prove that  f(x)g(x)h(x)dx  0
0

a a a

Solution : I=  f(x)g(x)h(x)dx   f(a  x)g(a  x)h(a  x)dx =   f(x)g(x)h(a  x)dx

0 0 0

7I = 3I + 4I
a a
=  f(x)g(x)3 h(x)  4 h(a  x) dx = 5  f(x)g(x)dx  0
0 0

(since f(a – x) g(a – x) = –f(x)g(x))

 I=0 Ans.

x sin x
Example # 11 Evaluate e
x
dx
 1
0 
x sin x x sin x
Solution : I=  e x  1 dx   e x  1 dx  I1  I2
 0

0
x sin x
where I1 = e x
1
dx


Put x = –t  dx = – dt

0   x
( t)sin( t)( dt) t sin t dt  e t t sin t dt e x sin x dx
 I1 =  t
  t
  t
 
 e 1 0 e 1  e 1 0 ex  1
0

4
Definite Integration
 
e x x sin x x sin x
Hence I = I1 + I2 =  e x  1 dx   e x  1 dx
0 0
  
I =  x sin xdx      x  sin    x  dx    sin xdx  I
0 0 0


 2I =  sin xdx    cos x 0  2   I   Ans.
0
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

2a a
 a
2 f x dx , if f (2a  x)  f (x)
Property (6)  f (x) dx 
= ( f ( x )  f (2a  x )) dx =  
0 0  0
 0, if f (2a  x)  f (x)


3
Example # 12 Evaluate  sin x cos 3 x dx.
0
Solution Let f(x) = sin3x cos3x  f( – x) = – f(x)

3

 sin x cos3 x dx = 0
0


dx
Example # 13 Evaluate  1  2 sin
0
2
x
dx.

1
Solution Let f(x) =
1  2 sin2 x
 f( – x) = f(x)
 

2 2
dx dx sec 2 x dx
  1  2 sin
0
2
x
=2  1  2 sin 2
x
=2  1  tan2 x  2 tan2 x
0 0

2 2 
sec 2 x dx
=2  1  3 tan
0
2
x
=
3 tan  3 tan x  
1 2
0


 tan is undefined, we take limit
2
 

=
2 
 Lt  tan
1
3 tan x  tan 
1 
3 tan 0    
3 x 
 2
2  
= =
3 2 3
  
dx cos ec 2 x cos ec 2 x dx
Alternatively :  1  2 sin
0
2
x
= 
0
cos ec 2 x  2
dx = 
0
cot 2 x  3
Observe that we are not converting in terms of tan x as it is not continuous in (0, )

1  1 cot x  1  1 cot x   cot x 
tan   = –  Lt  tan    Lt tan 1 
=–     3 
3   3  0 3  x    3  x 0  

5
Definite Integration
1    
=–  2  2  =
3   3


xdx
Example # 14 Evaluate  1  cos 2
x
0

  
xdx (  x)dx dx
Solution : Let I =  2
 2 =  1  cos 2
I
0 1  cos x 0 1  cos (  x) 0 x
 / 2 / 2
dx dx sec 2 xdx
 2I =  1  cos2 x  2   2
1  cos x
= 2   2
0 0 0 2  tan x

Let tan x = t so that for x  0, t  0 and for x  /2, t . Hence we can write,
 
dt 1  1 t  2
I =  2
  tan  = Ans.
0 2  t 2  2 0 2 2

  
2 2 2

Example # 15 Prove that  n sin x
0
dx =  n cos x dx =  n (sin 2x) dx = –
0 0
2
n 2 .


2
Solution Let  =  n sin x dx
0
..........(i)


2
  
=

 n  sin  2  x   dx
0
(by property P – 5)


2
=  n (cos x ) dx
0
..........(ii)

Adding (i) and (ii)

 
2 2
 sin 2x 
2=  n (sin x . cos x ) dx =  n 
0 0
2 
 dx

 
2 2
2=  n (sin 2x ) dx –  n 2 dx
0 0


2  = 1 – n 2 ..........(iii)
2

2
where  =  n (sin 2x ) dx
0

1
put 2x = t  dx = dt
2
L.L:x=0  t=0

U.L:x=  t=
2

6
Definite Integration


2
1 1
 1 =  n (sin t ) ·
0 2
dt =
2
×2  n (sin t ) dt (by using property P – 6)
0
 1 = 

n 2
 (iii) gives  = –
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Property (7) If f(x) is a periodic function with period T, then

nT T

(i)  f ( x) dx =n  f (x ) dx, n  z
0
0

a nT T

(ii)  a
f ( x ) dx = n  f (x ) dx, n  z, a  R
0

nT T

(iii)  f ( x ) dx = (n – m)  f (x ) dx, m, n  z
0
mT

a nT a

(iv)  f ( x ) dx =  f (x ) dx, n  z, a  R
nT 0

b  nT b
(v) 
a  nT
f ( x ) dx =
 f (x ) dx, n  z, a, b  R
a

2
{x}
Example # 16 Evaluate e
1
dx.

2 1 3 1 1
Solution  e { x } dx =  e { x } dx = 3 e { x } dx = 3
 e
{x}
dx = 3(e – 1)
1 1 0 0

2 n

Example # 17 Evaluate :  [sin x  cos x]dx . Here [.] is the greatest integer function.
0

2 n 2
Solution : Let I =  [sin x  cos x]dx  n  [sin x  cos x]dx
0 0

( [sinx + cosx] is periodic function with period 2]

 
1, 0x
2

0,  3
x
 2 4

1, 3
x
 4
[sin x  cos x]  
2, 3
x
 2
 3 7
1, x
 2 4
 7
0,  x  2
 4

7
Definite Integration
 / 2 3/ 4  3/ 2 7/ 4 2

Hence I = n   1dx   0 dx   1dx   2dx   1dx   0 dx 
 0 / 2 3/ 4  3/ 2 7/ 4 

 3 7 3 
I = n 0   3  2    0   n  Ans.
2 4 4 2 
______________________________________________________________________________________________

Property (8) If (x)  f(x)   (x) for a  x  b, then

b b b

 (x ) dx   f (x ) dx   (x) dx
a
a a

b
Property (9) If m  f(x)  M for a  x  b, then m (b – a)   f (x ) dx  M (b – a)
a

b
Further if f(x) is monotonically decreasing in (a, b), then f(b) (b – a) <  f (x ) dx < f(a) (b – a) and if f(x)
a

b
is monotonically increasing in (a, b), then f(a) (b – a) <  f (x ) dx < f(b) (b – a)
a

b b

Property (10) 
a
f ( x ) dx  
a
f ( x ) dx

Property (11) If f(x)  0 on [a, b], then  f (x) dx  0

a

1 1 1
Example # 18 For x  (0, 1) arrange f1(x) = , f2(x) = and f3(x) = in ascending
4  x2 4  2x 2 4  x2  x3
1
 dx 
order and hence prove that
6
< 
0 4x x 2 4 2 3 < .

Solution  0 < x3 < x2  2 2 3

x < x + x < 2x 2

 –2x2 < – x2 – x3 < –x2

 4 – 2x2 < 4 –x2 – x3 < 4 – x2
 4  2x 2 < 4  x 2  x 3 < 4  x 2
 f1(x) < f3(x) < f2(x) for x  (0, 1)
1 1 1

 
0
f1( x ) dx < 
0
f3 ( x ) dx <  f (x) dx
0
2

1 1 1
 x  dx 1 x 
sin –1  
 2  0
< 
0 4  x2  x3
<
2
sin –1 
2 0
1
 dx 
6
< 
0 4  x2  x3
<
4 2

8
Definite Integration

Example # 19 If ƒ (x) is integrable function such that |ƒ (x) – ƒ (y) | < |x2 – y2|,  x, y  [a,b] then prove that

b
ƒ(x)  ƒ(a) (a  b)2
a x  a dx  .
2

b b
ƒ(x)  ƒ(a) ƒ(x)  ƒ(a)
Solution : Given, a x  a dx  
a
xa
dx

b b b
x2  a 2 (a  b)2
  dx  | x  a| dx   (x  a)dx 
a
xa a a
2

3
Example # 20 Prove that 4   3  x3 dx  2 30
1

Solution : Since the function f(x) = 3  x2 increases monotonically on the interval

[1, 3], m = 2, M = 3 0 , b – a =2.
3 3
Hence, 2.2   3  x3 dx  2 30  4   3  x3 dx  2 30 Ans.
1 1

1
x2
Example # 21 Estimate the value of e
0
dx using (i) rectangle, (ii) triangle.

Solution (i) By using rectangle

1
x2
Area OAED < e
0
dx < Area OABC

1
x2
1< e
0
dx < 1 . e

1
x2
1< e
0
dx < e

(ii) By using triangle

1
x2
Area OAED < e
0
dx < Area OAED + Area of triangle DEB

1 1
x2 1 x2

1 < e dx < 1 + . 1. (e – 1) 1< e dx < e  1
0 2 0 2
1 1
x2 x
Example # 22 Estimate the value of e
0
dx by using  e dx .
0
2
Solution For x  (0, 1), e x < ex
1 1
2
 1×1<  e x dx <  e dx
x

0 0

1
x2
1< e
0
dx < e – 1

9
Definite Integration
h( x )
Leibnitz Theorem : If F(x) =
 f (t) dt , then
g( x )

dF( x )
= h(x) f(h(x)) – g(x) f(g(x))
dx

Proof : Let P(t) =  f (t) dt

h( x )

 F(x) =  f ( t) dt = P(h(x)) – P(g(x))

g( x )

dF( x )
 = P(h(x)) h(x) – P(g(x)) g(x)
dx
= f(h(x)) h(x) – f(g(x)) g(x)

x2
t2  5 t  4
Example # 23 Find the points of maxima/minima of  2  et
dt
0

x2 y
t2  5 t  4
Solution : Let f(x) =  dt
0 2  et
x
–2 –1 0 1 2
x  5 x2  4
4
(x  1)(x  1)(x  2 )(x  2 )2 x
f'(x) = 2
2x  0  2
2  ex 2  ex
Graph of f'(x)
From the wavy curve, it is clear that f'(x) changes its sign at x = ± 2, ±1, 0 and hence the points
of maxima are –1, 1 and of the minima are –2, 0, 2.

e3 x
t
Example # 24 If F(x) =  log e t
dt , then find first and second derivative of F(x) with respect to
e2 x
n x at x = n 2.

dF( x ) dF( x ) dx  3x e3x 2x e

2x 

Solution = = 3 . e .  2 . e  x = e6x – e4x.

d n x  dx d ( n x )  n e 3 x n e 2x 

d 2F( x ) d d 1
2 = d (n x ) (e6x – e4x) = (e6x – e4x) × = (6 e6x – 4 e4x) x
d ( n x ) dx dnx / dx
First derivative of F(x) at x = n 2 (i.e. ex = 2) is 26 – 24 = 48
Second derivative of F(x) at x = n 2 (i.e. ex = 2) is (6 . 26 – 4 . 24) . n 2 = 5 . 26 . n 2.

1
xb  1
Example # 25 Evaluate 
0
nx
, ‘b’ being parameter..

1
xb  1
Solution Let (b) = 
0
nx dx

1
d (b ) x b nx
db
= 
0
nx
dx + 0 – 0

(using modified Leibnitz Theorem)

10
Definite Integration
1
1
b
x b 1  1

= 
0
x dx =
b  1
0
=
b 1

(b) = n (b + 1) + c
b=0  (0) = 0
 c=0  (b) = n (b+1)

1
tan 1(ax )
Example # 26 Evaluate 
0 x 1 x2
dx , ‘a’ being parameter..

1
tan 1(ax )
Solution Let (a) = 
0 x 1 x2
dx

1 1
d (a) x 1 dx
da
= 
0
2 2
(1  a x ) x 1  x 2 dx = 
0 (1  a x ) 1  x 2
2 2

Put x = sin t  dx = cos t dt

L.L. : x = 0  t=0

U.L. : x = 1  t=
2
 
2 2
d (a) 1 1 dt
da
= 
0
2 2
1  a sin t cos t
cos t dt =  1 a
0
2
sin2 t



2 1
sec 2 t dt  1  a 2 tan t  2 = 1 
=  1  (1  a
0
2 2
) tan t
=
1 a 2
tan–1 


 0 1 a 2
.
2

  2 
 (a) = n  a  1  a  + c
2  
But (0) = 0  c=0
  2 
 (a) = n  a  1  a 
2  

Definite Integral as a limit of sum

Let f(x) be a continuous real valued function defined on the closed interval [a, b] which is divided into n parts
as shown in figure.

ba
The point of division on x-axis are a, a + h, a + 2h ..........a + (n – 1)h, a + nh, where = h.
n
Let Sn denotes the area of these n rectangles.
Then, Sn = hf(a) + hf(a + h) + hf(a + 2h) + ........+hf(a + (n – 1)h)
Clearly, Sn is area very close to the area of the region bounded by curve y = f(x), x–axis and the ordinates
x = a, x = b.

11
Definite Integration
b
Hence Lt
 f (x) dx =
a
n
Sn

b n 1 n 1
ba  (b  a ) r 
 f ( x ) dx = Lt
n
 h f (a  rh) = n
Lt  
r0
 f a 
n   n


a r 0

Note :
1. We can also write
b n
ba  ba 
Sn = hf(a + h) + hf (a + 2h) + .........+ hf(a + nh) and  f ( x ) dx = Lt  
n   r 1
 a  
n  f 
 r 
 n  
a

1 n 1
1 r 
2. If a = 0, b = 1,  f ( x ) dx = n Lt

 n f  n 
r 0
0

Steps to express the limit of sum as definte integral :

r 1
Step 1. Replace by x, by dx and n Lt

 by 
n n
r
Step 2. Evaluate n Lt  
   n  by putting least and greatest values of r as lower and upper limits respectively..

pn p
1 r  r r
For example n Lt


r 1
f 
n n =  f (x) dx ( n Lt  
 n
r 1
= 0, n Lt  
 n
r  np
= p)
0

 1 1 1 
Example # 27 Evaluate Lim    .........  
n   2n  1 2n  2 6n 
4n 4n
1 1 1 1 1 1
Solution : Let Sn = 
2n  1 2n  2
 ......... 
6n
=  2n  r  n.  r
r 1 r 1
2  
 n
4
dx
 S = Lim S n    [l n| 2  x| ]04  l n6  l n2  l n3 Ans.
n 
0
2  x

 n 1 n2 n3 3
Example # 28 : Evaluate n Lt
 
 2  2  .........  .
2
n  12
n 2 2
n 3 2
5n 

r
2n 2n 1
nr 1 n
Solution n
Lt n
r 1
2
Lt
 r2 = n  

r 1
n r
2
1  
n

Lt r
   = 0, when r = 1, lower limit = 0
n n

Lt r Lt  2n 
and   =   = 2, when r = 2n, upper limit = 2
n n n  n 

12
Definite Integration
2 2 2
1 x 1 1 2x
 1 x
0
2 dx =  1 x
0
2 dx +
2  1 x
0
2 dx

2
1 2  1
= [ tan–1x ]20 +  2 log e (1  x ) = tan–1 2 + n 5
 0 2

 n n n 1 
Example # 29 Evaluate Lim  2
 2
 2
 .......  
  3  4 n  2 3 2  4 n  3 3 3  4 n  49 n 
n 


 n n n 
Solution : Let p = nlim  2
 2
 .........  2 
  3  4 n  2 3 2  4 n  n 3 n  4 n 


Analyzing the expression with the view of increasing integral value we get the expression in terms
of r as
n n 1
n 1 dx
= lim  2
 lim  2
 2
r 3 r  4 n  x 3 x  4 
n  n 
r 1 r 1 r  r  0
n  3  4
n n 

3
Put 3 x  4  t,  dx  dt
2 x
7 7
2 dt 2  1 2 1 1 1
Hence p =    t   3   7  4   14 Ans.
3 4 t 2 3  4

Reduction formulae in definite Integrals:


2
n
 n  1
1. If n =  sin x dx , then show that n =   
 n  n–2
0


2
n
Proof : n =  sin
0
x dx


 2


n =  sinn1 x cos x  +  (n  1) sin
2
0
n 2
x . cos 2 x dx
0


2
n2
= (n – 1)  sin x . (1  sin 2 x ) dx
0

 
2 2
n2 n
= (n – 1)  sin
0
x dx  (n  1)  sin
0
x dx

n + (n – 1) n = (n – 1) n–2
 n  1
n =   
 n  n–2

13
Definite Integration
 
2 2
n n
Note : 1.  sin
0
x dx =  cos
0
x dx

 n  1  n  3   n  5 
2. n =       .....  or 
 n  n2 n 4 0 1


according as n is even or odd. 0 = , =1
2 1

 n  1  n  3  n  5   1 
   ........  . , if n is even
 n  n  2  n  4  2 2
Hence n = 
  n  1  n  3  n  5  2
    ........  . 1 , if n is odd
  n  n  2  n  4  3

4
n 1
2. If n =  tan
0
x dx , then show that n + n–2 =
n 1

 
4 4
n2 n2
Solution n =  (tan x)
0
. tan2x dx =  (tan x)
0
(sec2x – 1) dx

  
4 4  (tan x )n 1  4
n2 n2
=  (tan x)
0
sec2x dx –  (tan x)
0
dx = 
 n  1  0
 – n–2

1
n = – n–2
n 1
1
 n + n–2 =
n 1

2
m m 1
3. If m,n =  sin x . cosn x dx , then show that m,n = 
m  n m–2, n
0

  
2  sinm 1 x . cosn 1 x  2 2
cos n 1 x
Solution m,n =  sinm 1 x (sin x cosn x ) dx =   +  (m – 1) sinm–2 x cos x dx
 n 1  0 n 1
0 0

 
2 2
 m  1  m  1
sinm  2 x . cosn x . cos 2 x dx =   sin 
m2
=  
  x . cosn x  sinm x . cos n x dx
 n 1  n 1
0 0

 m  1  m  1  m  1  m  1
=   –    1    =   
 n  1  m–2,n
 n  1  m,n
 n  1  m,n
 n  1  m–2,n

 m 1
m,n =   
 m  n  m–2,n

 m 1  m  3   m  5 
Note : 1. m,n =       ........  or  according as m is even or odd.
mn mn2 mn 4 0,n 1,n

 
2 2
n n 1
0,n =  cos
0
x dx and 1,n =  sin x . cos
0
x dx =
n 1

14
Definite Integration
2. Walli’s Formula

 (m  1) (m  3) (m  5 ) .........( n  1) (n  3) (n  5)....... 
 when both m, n are even
(m  n) (m  n  2) (m  n  4)........ 2

m,n = 
 (m  1) (m  3 ) (m  5) .........( n  1) (n  3) (n  5).......
 otherwise
 (m  n) (m  n  2) (m  n  4)........


2
2
Example # 30 Evaluate  sin x cos 2 x(sin x  cos x ) dx .


2

 
2 2
2
3
x cos 2 x dx +  sin x cos 3 x dx
Solution Given integral =  sin
 
 
2 2


2
2
=0+2  sin x cos 3 x dx ( sin3x cos2x is odd and sin2x cos3x is even)
0

1. 2 4
= 2. 5 . 3 . 1 =
15
1
3
Example # 31 Evaluate x (1  x )5 dx .
0
Solution Put x = sin2  dx = 2 sin  cos  d
L.L :x=0  =0

U.L. :x=1  =
2

1 2
3
 x (1  x )5 dx =  sin
6
(cos 2 )5 2 . sin  . cos  d
0 0


2
7
=2.  sin  cos11  d
0

6 . 4 . 2 . 10 . 8 . 6 . 4 . 2 1
= 2 . 18 . 16 . 14 . 12 . 10 . 8 . 6 . 4 . 2 =
504

Area Between The Curve

Area included between the curve y = f(x), x-axis and the ordinates x = a, x = b
b

(a) If f(x)  0 for x [a, b], then area bounded by curve y = f(x), x-axis, x = a and x = b is  f (x) dx
a

15
Definite Integration

 
Example # 33 Find the area bounded by y = sec2 x, x = ,x= & x-axis
6 3
/ 3 / 3 / 3   1 2
Solution : Area bounded =  ydx =  sec 2 xdx = [tan x] / 6 = tan 3 – tan 6 = 3 – = [Link].
/ 6 / 6 3 3

Example # 34 Find area bounded by the curve y = n x + tan–1 x and x-axis between ordinates x = 1 and x = 2.
Solution y = n x + tan–1x
dy 1 1
Domain x > 0, = + >0
dx x 1 x2

y is increasing and x = 1, y =  y is positive in [1, 2]
4
2
1
 Required area = x ) dx
 (n x  tan
1
2
 1 1 2 
=  x n x  x  x tan x  n (1  x )
 2 1
1 1
= 2 n 2 – 2 + 2 tan–12 – n 5 – 0 + 1 – tan–1 1 + n 2
2 2
5 1 
= n 2 – n 5 + 2 tan–12 – –1
2 2 4

Note : If a function is known to be positive valued then graph is not necessary.

b
(b) If f(x) < 0 for x  [a, b], then area bounded by curve y = f(x), x-axis, x = a and x = b is –
 f (x) dx
a

Example # 35 Find area bounded by y = log 1 x and x-axis between x = 1 and x = 2

2

Solution: A rough graph of y = log 1 x is as follows

2

2 2
Area = –  log
1
1
2
x dx = –
 log e x . log 1 e dx
2
1
= – log 1 e . [ x loge x  x ]12
2

= – log 1 e . (2 loge2 – 2 – 0 + 1)
2

= – log 1 e . (2 loge 2 – 1)
2

16
Definite Integration
Note : If y = f(x) does not change sign in [a, b], then area bounded by y = f(x), x-axis between
b

ordinates x = a, x = b is  f ( x) dx
a
(c) If f(x) > 0 for x  [a,c] and f(x) < 0 for x  [c,b] (a < c < b) then area bounded by curve y = f(x) and x-axis
c b

between x = a and x = b is 
a

f ( x ) dx  f ( x ) dx
c

Example # 36 Find the area bounded by y = x3 and x- axis between ordinates x = –1 and x = 1
0 1

Solution Required area =   x 3 dx  x 3 dx


1 0
0 1
 x4   x3 
=    + 4
 4  1   0

 1 1 1
= 0 –   + –0=
 4 4 2
Note : Most general formula for area bounded by curve y = f(x) and x- axis between ordinates x = a and x = b is
b

 | f ( x) | dx
a

Area included between the curve x = g(y), y-axis and the abscissas y = c, y = d
(a) If g (y)  0 for y  [c,d] then area bounded by curve x = g(y) and y–axis between abscissa y = c and
d
y = d is
y c
 g(y)dy

Example # 37 Find the area bounded by the parabola x2 = y and line y = 1.

Solution Graph of y = x2

Required area is area OABO

= 2 area (OAEO)
1 1


= 2 | x | dy = 2  y dy = 4 .
0 0
3

17
Definite Integration
1 t 1 t
Example # 38 For any real t, x = (e + e–t), y = (e – e–t) is point on the hyperbola x2 – y2 =[Link] that the area
2 2
bounded by the hyperbola and the lines joining its centre to the points corresponding to t1 and – t1 is t1.

Solution It is a point on hyperbola x2 – y2 = 1.

et1  e– t1 et1  e – t1
2 2
Area (PQRP) = 2  ydx = 2  x 2 – 1 dx
1 1

et1  e – t1
x 1  2
= 2 x 2 – 1 – n( x  x 2 – 1)
2 2 1

e2t1 – e –2t1
= – t1
4

1  et1  e – t1   e t1 – e – t1 
Area of OPQ = 2×
2  2 
 2 


e2t1  e –2t1
= – t1.
4
 Required area = area OPQ – area (PQRP)
= t1

(b) If g (y)  0 for y  [c,d] then area bounded by curve x = g(y) and y–axis between abscissa y = c and
d


y = d is – g( y )dy
y c

Note : General formula for area bounded by curve x = g(y) and y–axis between abscissa y = c and
d
y = d is 
y c
| g( y ) | dy

Curve-tracing :
To find approximate shape of a curve, the following phrases are suggested :
(a) Symmetry:
(i) Symmetry about x-axis :
If all the powers of 'y' in the equation are even then the curve (graph) is symmetrical about the x-axis.

E.g. : y2 = 4 a x.
(ii) Symmetry about y-axis :
If all the powers of 'x' in the equation are even then the curve (graph) is symmetrical about the y-axis.

E.g. : x2 = 4 a y.

18
Definite Integration
(iii) Symmetry about both axis :
If all the powers of 'x' and 'y' in the equation are even, then the curve (graph) is symmetrical about the
axis of 'x' as well as 'y' .

E.g. : x2 + y2 = a2.
(iv) Symmetry about the line y = x :
If the equation of the curve remain unchanged on interchanging 'x' and 'y', then the curve (graph) is
symmetrical about the line y = x.

E.g. : x3 + y3 = 3 a x y.
(v) Symmetry in opposite quadrants :
If the equation of the curve (graph) remain unaltered when 'x' and 'y' are replaced by '–x' and '–y'
respectively, then there is symmetry in opposite quadrants.

E.g. : xy = c2

(b) Find the points where the curve crosses the x-axis and the y-axis.
dy
(c) Find dx and equate it to zero to find the points on the curve where you have horizontal tangents.

(d) Examine intervals when f(x) is increasing or decreasing

(e) Examine what happens to 'y' when x   or x   

(f) Asymptotes :
Asymptote(s) is (are) line (s) whose distance from the curve tends to zero as point on curve moves towards
infinity along branch of curve.
(i) If Lim f(x) =  or Lt f(x) = – , then x = a is asymptote of y = f(x)
x a xa

(ii) If Lim f(x) = k or Lt f(x) = k then y = k is asymptote of y = f(x)

x  x  

f (x)
(iii) If Lim
x 
= m1, x Lt
  (f(x) – m1x) = c , then y = m 1x + c1 is an asymptote (inclined to right).
x
f (x)
(iv) If xLim
  x
= m2, xLim
 
(f(x) – m2x) = c2, then y = m2x + c2 is an asymptote (inclined to left).

19
Definite Integration

1
Example # 39 Find asymptotes of y = x + and sketch the curve (graph).
x
 1
Solution : Lim y = Lim  x   = + or – 
x 0 x 0  x
 x = 0 is asymptote.
 1
Lim y = Lim  x   = 
x 0 x 0  x
 there is no asymptote of the type y = k
 1 
Lim y = Lim 1   =1
x  x x   x2 

 1 
Lim (y – x) = Lim  x   x  = Lim 1 = 0
x  x   x  x  x

 y = x + 0  y = x is asymptote.
A rough sketch is as follows

Area between two curves

If f(x) > g(x) for x[a,b] then area bounded by curves (graph) y = f(x) and y = g(x) between ordinates x = a and
b

x = b is  f ( x )  g( x)dx .
a

Example # 40 Compute the area of the figure bounded by the straight lines x = 0, x = 2 and the curves
y = 2x, y = 2x – x2.
Solution : Figure is self-explanatory y = 2x, (x – 1)2 = – (y – 1)
R(2,4)
2
The required area = 
0
(y1  y2 ) dx
x
2 y=2 x=2
where y1 = 2x and y2 = 2x – x2 =  (2 x  2 x  x2 )dx
0 Q
(0,1)
2 y=2x–x2
 2x 1   4 8 1 3 4
=   x2  x 3  =  4   – = – [Link]. O M(2,0)
 ln 2 3 0  ln 2 3  ln 2 ln 2 3

Example # 41 Compute the area of the figure bounded by the parabolas x = – 2y2, x = 1 – 3y2.
Solution : Solving the equations x = –2y2, x = 1 – 3y2, we find that ordinates of the points of intersection of
Y
the two curves as y1 = – 1, y2 = 1.
(–2, 1)
The points are (–2, –1) and (–2, 1). 1
x=1–3y2
The required area x=–2y2
1 1
P2 P1 X
2  (x1  x 2 ) dy = 2  [(1  3 y2 )  (–2 y2 )]dy –2 –1 O 1
0 0

–1
(–2, –1)

20
Definite Integration
1
1  y3  4
=2  (1  y2 )dy = 2  y   = [Link].
0
 3 0 3
b
Note : Area bounded by curves y = f(x) and y = g (x) between ordinates x = a and x = b is  | f ( x)  g(x ) | dx .
a

Example # 42 Find the area of the region bounded by y = sin x, y = cos x and ordinates x = 0, x = /2
/2

Solution  | sin x  cos x | dx

0

/ 4 /2

 (cos x  sin x) dx +  (sin x  cos x ) dx = 2 (

0 /4
2  1)

Example # 43 Find area contained by ellipse 2x2 + 6xy + 5y2 = 1

Solution : 5y2 + 6xy + 2x2 – 1 = 0

 6 x  36 x 2  20(2 x 2  1)
y=
10

 3x  5  x 2
y=
5
 y is real  R.H.S. is also real.
 – 5 <x< 5
If x=– 5 , y=3 5

If x= 5, y = –3 5
1
If x = 0, y=+
5
1
If y = 0, x=+
2
5  3x  5  x 2  3 x  5  x 2 
  dx
Required area =  5

5 
 5 
5
2 5  x 2 dx
=
5

 5

5
4 5  x 2 dx
=
5 
0

Put x = 5 sin  : dx = 5 cos  d

L.L : x = 0  = 0
 
2 2
 4 1 
U.L : x = 5   = =  5  5 sin2  5 cosd = 4  cos
2
d = 4 =
2 5 2 2
0 0

21
Definite Integration
Miscellaneous examples

Example # 44 Find the area bounded by the curve xy2 = 4a2(2a–x) and its asymptote.
Solution : (i) The curve is symmetrical about the x-axis as it contains even powers of y.
(ii) It passes through (2a,0).
(iii) Its asymptote is x = 0, i.e., y-axis.
2a 2a
y 2a  x
A  2  ydx  2  2a dx
0 0 x
2
Put x = 2a sin 
(2a,0) x / 2

A = 16a2  cos2 d

0
2
= 4a

Example # 45 Let A (m) be area bounded by parabola y = x2 + 2x – 3 and the line y = mx + 1. Find the least area
A(m).
Solution Solving we obtain
x2 + (2 – m) x – 4 = 0
Let  be roots  = m – 2,  = – 4

2
A (m) =  (mx  1 x

 2x  3 ) dx


2
=  (x

 (m  2) x  4) dx


 x3 x2 
  (m  2 )  4 x 
=  3 2 
 

 3  3 m  2 2
=  (   2 )  4 (   )
3 2

1 2 (m  2)
= | – |.  (     2 )  (   )  4
3 2

1 (m  2)
=
2
 
(m  2)2  16  3 (m  2)  4  2 (m  2)  4

1 8
= (m  2)2  16 (m  2 ) 2 
6 3

1
A(m) =  2
6 (m  2)  16
3/2

1 32
Least A(m) = (16)3/2 = .
6 3

Example # 46 A curve y = f(x) passes through the origin and lies entirely in the first quadrant. Through any point
P(x, y) on the curve, lines are drawn parallel to the coordinate axes. If the curve divides the area
formed by these lines and coordinate axes in m : n, then show that f(x) = cxm/n or f(x) = cxn/m (c-being
arbitrary).
Solution Area (OAPB) = xy

22
Definite Integration

Area (OAPO) =  f (t) dt

0

Area (OPBO) = xy – f ( t ) dt 
0

Area (OAPO) m

Area (OPBO) n
x  x 
n f ( t ) dt  m xy – f ( t ) dt 
 
 
0  0 
x x

 
n f ( t ) dt  mx f ( x ) – m f ( t ) dt
0 0
Differentiating w.r.t. x
nf(x) = m f(x) + mx f(x) – m f(x)
f ( x ) n 1

f (x) m x
f(x) = cxn/m
similarly f(x) = cxm/n

Example # 47 Find the area enclosed by |x – 1| + |y + 1| = 1. (0,1)

Solution : Shift the origin to (1, –1). 2
X=x–1 Y=y+1
(–1,0) (1,0)
|X| + |Y| = 1
(0,–1)
Area = 2  2 = 2 sq. units

Example # 48 Find the value of 'a' for which area bounded by x = 1, x=2, y=6x2 and y=ƒ(a) is minimum.
y=6x2
Solution : Let b = ƒ (a).
y
a 2
a 2
y=ƒ(a)
A   (b  6 x2 )dx   (6 x2  b)dx  bx  2 x3  2 x 3  bx
1 a
1 a

x=a
= 8a3 – 18a2 + 18 x
x=1 x=2
dA
For minimum area 0
da

 24a2 – 36a = 0  a = 1.5

dy
Alternatively, y = 6x2   12x
dx
Hence y = ƒ (x) is monotonically increasing. Hence bounded area is minimum when

1  2 
a=   = 1.5
 2 

23
Definite Integration

Exercise-1 (Bronze)
PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Definite Integration in terms of Indefinite Integration, using substitution
and By parts

A-1. Evaluate :

 x costan x  dx
13 1
x2  4 x

1
(i) dx (ii)
0
x 0

A-2. Evaluate :
 2 4 π /2
dx 5x 2 x2
(i) x

2
 2x  2
(ii) x
1
2
 4x  3
dx (iii) 
0
1 x
dx (iv) 0
cos θ sin 3 θ d θ

A-3. Evaluate :
/4

 2 sec 
2 1
n x
  x sin
1
(i) 2
x  x 3  2 dx (ii) 2
dx (iii) 2
x dx
0 1
x 0

A-4. Evaluate
π /3
 π
(i)  f x  dx where f(x) = Minimum {tan x, cot x} x   0, 2 
0
1
(ii)  f x  dx where f(x) = min {x 1,
1
1 x }

1
(iii)  f x  dx where f(x) = minimum (|x| , 1 – |x|, 1/4)
1

A-5. Evaluate
/3 1 b
x tan1 x
(i) 
x
dx (ii)  1 x  dx (iii)  x  ab  x  dx , a > b
1  sec x 2 3/2
0 0 a

A-6. Evaluate :
 π /2 π /2
dx sin x cos x sin 2 θ d θ
(i)  e x  e x
0
(ii)  sin
0
2
x  3 cos x  2
dx (iii)  sin
0
4
θ cos4 θ

8
A-7. If ƒ (x) is a continuous function such that ƒ (x) > 0  x  [2,10] and  f ( x)dx  0 , then find ƒ (6).
4
1

e
n tan-1x
A-8. Evaluate: .sin -1(cosx) dx
0

sin 2 kx
A-9. Prove that sin x + sin 3x + sin 5x + .... + sin (2k – 1) x = , kN and hence prove that,
sin x
/2
sin 2 kx 1 1 1 1

0
sin x
dx  1     .... 
3 5 7 2k  1
24
Definite Integration

Section (B) : Definite Integration using Properties

B-1. Evaluate :

  t dt (where [.] denotes greatest integer function)

9
(i)
0
π
(ii) 
0
1 sin 2x dx

2
2x  1 0  x  1
(iii)  f x  dx where f x   3x
0
2
1 x  2
2

| x  2x  3 | dx
2
(iv)
0


 cot xdx (where [.] denotes greatest integer function)

1
(v)
0
5
(vi)  x  2 dx
-5

  cos 
1
1
(vii) x dx (where [.] denotes greatest integer function)
-1

B-2. Evaluate :
 
2 π /4 π /4 2
x  π /4 cos x
 sin x dx   2  cos 2x dx  1 e
7
(i) (ii) sin x dx (iii) (iv) x
dx.
  π /4  π /4 
 
2 2

1
B-3. Evaluate:  [x[1  sin x]  1] dx , [.] is the greatest integer function.
1

2
2x 7  3x 6  10x 5  7x 3  12x 2  x  1
B-4.  x2  2
dx
- 2

B-5. Evaluate

 2
x x
(i)  1  sin x dx
0
(ii)  sin x  cos x dx
0

2 π /2
x sin x cos x a sin x  b cos x
(iii)
0
 sin 4
x  cos x 4
dx (iv) 
0
sin x  cos x
dx

π /2
sin x  cos x
(v)  sin x  cos x
0
2
dx

2
dx
B-6. Evaluate  17  8x  4x [e
0
2 6(1 x )
 1]

25
 Definite Integration


x 3 cos4 x sin 2 x
B-7. Evaluate :  x
0
2
 3x  3 x 2  dx
B-8. Evaluate
2π π

 sin sin x  sin cos x dx

dx
(i)
0
(ii)  5  4cos 2x
0
π /2 
 1
 2 n sin x   n sin 2x dx
dx
(iii)
0
(iv)  n  x  x  . 1 x
0
2

1 
sin 1 x
(v) 
0
x
dx (vi)  xn sinx dx
0

x
nt
B-9. For x > 0, let f (x) =  1  t dt . Find the function f (x) + f (1/x) and show that, f (e) + f (1/e) = 1/2.
1

B-10. Evaluate :
2
(i)  2x dx (where function {.} denotes fractional part function)
1
10 π
(ii)   sin x
0
 cos x  dx

  x  dx
(iii) 0
n
, where [x] and {x} are integral and fractional parts of x and n N

  x  dx
0
2n π
  sin x  
(iv)   sin x
0

 2 
  dx (where [ ] denotes the greatest integer function and n )

 T T
B-11. If f(x) is a function defined xR and f(x) + f(–x) = 0 x  ,  and has period T, then prove that
 2 2
x
 (x) =  f t  dt is also periodic with period T.
a

Section (C) : Leibnitz formula and Wallis' formula

x2
t
  n 1 t  dt , then find the value of f(
g(x)
C-1. (i) If f(x) = 5 and g(x) = 2
2 ).
2
x3
d
dx  cos t dt
0
(ii) The value of Lim
x 0 1  cos x

x2
1
 cos
1 2
(iii) Find the slope of the tangent to the curve y = t dt at x = 4
x
2

26
Definite Integration

sin2 x cos2 x

 sin  cos
1 1
C-2. (i) If f(x) = t dt  t dt , then prove that f(x) = 0 x R.
0 0

 t e 
x
 1 t  1t  2 t  35 dt has a local minimum
t 3
(ii) Find the value of x for which function f(x) =
1

1/n

 tan
1
nx dx
1/ n 1  
C-3. lim is equal to
n 1/n

 sin
1
nx dx
1/ n 1


C-4. Evaluate  n1  b cos x dx, 'b' being parameter.
0

C-5. Evaluate :
π /2 π
(i)  sin
2
x cos xsin x  cos x  dx
2
(ii)  x sin
5
x dx
 π /2 0
2π

 x sin 
2

x 2  x dx
3/2 2
(iii) (iv) x cos2 x dx =
0 0

 xa 
1 a

x
7/2
(v) 6
sin -1 x dx (vi) 2
 x2 dx
0 0

Section (D) : Estimation & Mean Value Theorem

D-1.  Show that
1 1
1 x9 1 1 tan x π
(i)
10 2
 
0
1 x
dx 
10
(ii)
2
 n2 
0
1 x 2 
dx 
2
1 2
1 x 3 cos x 1 xdx 1
(iii) 
2
 
0
2  x2
dx 
2
(iv) 0   16  x
0
3

6

19
sin x
D-2. Prove that  1 x
10
8
dx  107

D-3. Prove the inequalities:

1 2
1 1 1 dx 5
(a)   x (sin x  cos x ) dx   2x
2
(b)  2

3 0 2 2 6
1

2
D-4. (i) Show that  sin x . cos
0
x dx [Link] c for some c(0, 2)

 f x  dx  2 α f α some (1, 2)
4
(ii) f(x) is a continuous function x R, then show that 2

27
Definite Integration

Section (E) : Integration as a limit of sum and reduction formula

E-1. Evaluate :
n 1


1
(i) Lim
n
r 0 n r2
2

3 n n n n 
(ii) Lim 1    ...... 
n  n 
 n3 n6 n9 n  3n  1 

1 
 
2n
(iii) lim 3nr2  2n2r
n  n 4 
 r 1 
1  3  2 3 n 
(iv) Lt sin  2 sin3  3 sin3  ....  n sin3
n n 
2 4n 4n 4n 4n 

E-2. Find the limit, when n  of

1  1  1  .....  1
(2n  1 2 ) (4n  2 2 ) (6n  3 2 ) n

e
E-3. (a) Evaluate In = 
1
(lnn x) dx hence find I3.

1
(b) Determine a positive integer n  5, such that 
0
ex (x – 1)n dx = 16 – 6e.

1 1 1
E-4. (a) Sn =   ....  . Find Lim Sn .
1 n 2  2n n  n2 n 

4
t
1 sin
sin t
(b) Given 
0
1 t
dt   , find the value of 
4 2
2 dt in terms of .
4  2  t

Section (F) : Area Under Curve

3
F-1. Find the area enclosed between the curve y = x + 3, y = 0, x = – 1, x = 2.

πx
F-2. (i) Find the area bounded by x² + y² 2 x = 0 and y = sin in the upper half of the circle.
2
4 2
(ii) Find the area bounded by the curve y = 2x – x , x-axis and the two ordinates corresponding to the
minima of the function.
(iii) Find area of the curve y² = (7 x) (5 + x) above xaxis and between the ordinates x = 5 and x = 1.


2
F-3. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y = 2y – x and the y-axis.

F-4.  Find the area bounded by the y-axis and the curve x = e sin y, y = 0, y = 1.
y

F-5. Find the area bounded by the curve y = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) lying between the ordinates x = 0 and
x = 3 and x-axis

x
F-6. Compute the area of the figure bounded by straight lines x = 0, x = 2 and the curves y = 2 and
2
y = 2x – x

28
Definite Integration

π
F-7.  Let f(x) = tan x . Show that area bounded by y = f(x), y = f(c), x = 0 and x = a, 0 < c < a < is
2
a
minimum when c =
2
2 2
F-8. Find the area included between the parabolas y = x and x = 3 – 2y .

PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

SECTION (A) : D.I. IN TERMS OF INDEFINITE INTIGRATION, USING SUBSTITUTION AND BY PARTS

1
dx π
A-1. The value of the integral x
0
2
 2x cos α  1
, where 0 < <
2
, is equal to:

α α
(A) sin  (B) sin  (C) (D) sin α
2 sin α 2

 x x dx is : .
1.5
2
A-2. Let [.] denote the greatest integer function then the value of
0
3 3 5
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D)
2 4 4

1
A-3. If f(0) = 1, f(2) = 3, f(2) = 5 and f(0) is finite, then x . f " 2x dx is equal to

0
(A) zero (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

 
π
 e  x dx  e
2
ax 2
A-4. If , then dx where a > 0 is :
2
0 0

π π π 1 π
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D)
2 2a 2 2 a

π
A-5.  1 2 cos x dx is equal to :
0

2π π
(A) (B)  (C) 2 (D) 2 3
3 3

 2e dx , where [ . ] denotes the greatest integer function, is equal to :

x
A-6.
0
2 –1
(A) 0 (B)  n 2 (C) e (D) 2e

n π
ex
A-7.  2 x
n π  n2 1  cos e 
dx is equal to

3 
1 1
(A) 3 (B) – 3 (C) (D) –
3 3

29
 Definite Integration

e2 2
dx ex
A-8.  If 1= 
e
n x
and 2 = 
1
x
dx , then

(A) 1 = 2 (B) 2 1 = 2 (C) 1 = 2 2 (D) 1 + 2 = 0

π /4
x . sin x
A-9. 
0
cos3 x
dx equals to :

π 1 π 1 π π
(A)  (B)  (C) (D) 1
4 2 4 2 4 4
9
4
 2x  54x  5  2x  54x  5  dx is equal to
A-10. The value of the definite integral 3  
2

2 2 4 3 5
(A) 4 5  (B) 4 5 (C) 4 3  (D)
5 3 8

Section (B) : Definite Integration using Properties

n 1 4

 f x  dx = n The value of  f x  dx is :
2
B-1. Suppose for every integer n, .
n 2
(A) 16 (B) 14 (C) 19 (D) 21

B-2. Let f : R R, g : R R be continuous functions. Then the value of integral
 x2 
f
 n1/ λ 
  f x   f  x 

 4 
  x2 
dx

 4  g x   g  x 
 nλ g  
 
(A) depend on  (B) a non-zero constant (C) zero (D) 2

e2
loge x
B-3. The value of the integral | x
| d x is :
e 1
(A) 3/2 (B) 5/2 (C) 3 (D) 5

1
 x  x3 
B-4. 
1
cot 1
 1 x 4

 dx is equal to


π
(A) 2 (B) (C) 0 (D) 
2


 x 
0
B-5. 3
 3x2  3x  3  x  1cosx  1 dx is equal to
2
(A) – 4 (B) 0 (C) 4 (D) 6

π
B-6.  cot x dx , where [] denotes the greatest integer function, is equal to :
0

π π
(A) 1 (B) – 1 (C) – (D)
2 2
30
 Definite Integration

π2
4
dx
B-7. The value of definite integral is  1 sin
0
x  cos x
π ln2 π ln2
(A) ln 2 (B) (C) (D) 2ln2
2 4

3

e cos x . sin x for | x |  2
B-8. If f (x) = 

 2 otherwise
. Then f(x) dx
-2

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

3 n 3
n 4  x 
B-9. 
2  n 3
n 4  x   n 9  x 
dx is equal to :

5
(A) cannot be evaluated (B) is equal to
2
1
(C) is equal to 1 + 2  n 3 (D) is equal to +  n 3
2

B-10. Let p(x) be a function defined on R such that p(x) = p(1 – x), for all x [0, 1], p(0) = 1 and p(1) = 41.
1
Then  p x  dx equals
0

(A) 21 (B) 41 (C) 42 (D) 41

π
B-11. The value of the definite integral I = x
0
1 cos x dx is equal to

(A) 2 2 π (B) 2π (C) 2  (D) 4


π /2
B-12. The value of  n
0
tan x  cot x dx is equal to :

π π
(A)   n 2 (B) –  n 2 (C) n2 (D) – n2
2 2

1 1
e x dx x 2 dx I1
B-13. Let 1 = 
0
1 x
and 2 =  e 2  x  , then
0
x3 3 I2
is

(A) 3/e (B) e/3 (C) 3e (D) 1/3e

x
B-14. The value of   x  dx (where
0
[ . ] and { . } denotes greatest integer and fraction part function

respectively) is
1 1
(A) [x] (B) 2[x] (C) (D) [x]
2 2 x 

 cot 1  x  x  dx equals
1
1 2
B-15.
0
 
(A)  log2 (B)  log2 (C)  – log 2 (D) none of these
2 2

31
Definite Integration

2[ x 14] x
x
B-16. The value of x satisfying 
0
2 0

 dx  [ x  14] dx, is equal to (where [.] and {.} denotes the

greatest integer and fractional part of (x)

(A) [–14, –13) (B) (0, 1) (C) (–15, –14] (d) none of these

Section (C) : Leibnitz formula and Wallis' formula

x2
et
C-1. f(x) = 
x
t
dt , then f ' (1) is equal to

2 2
(A) e (B) 2e (C) 2e – 2 (D) e – e

x h x


a

 n2 t dt   n2 t dt
a
C-2. lim equals to :
h 0 h
2 2  nx
(A) 0 (B)  n x (C) (D) does not exist
x

x
 5π 
C-3.  For x   0,

 , define f(x) =
2  
0
t sin t dt . Then f has :

(A) local maximum at and 2.

(B) local minimum at and 2
(C) local minimum at and local maximum at 2.
(D) local maximum at and local minimum at 2.

y x2
sin t dy
 cos t dt  
2
C-4.  If dt , then the value of is
t dx
a a

2sin x 2
2sin x 2 2sin x 2 sin x 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
x cos2 y x cos y 2  y 2  2y
x 1 2 sin
 2 

 ln 1 e  dx equals
a
1 x
C-5. The value of Lim 2
a  a 0
1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D) non-existent
2

1
C-6. x
2
1 x 3 dx is equal to
0
1 1 2 π
(A) (B) (C) (D)
60 30 15 120

Section (D) : Estimation & Mean Value Theorem

3
D-1.  Let =  1
x 4  x 2 dx , then

(A) > 6 10 (B) < 2 2

(C) 2 2 < 6 10 (D) < 1

32
 Definite Integration

2π

e
sin2 x  sinx1
D-2.  = dx then
0
(A) e < < 2e < < 2e (C) 2e < < 2e (D) 0 < < 2
3 5 3/4 3 3 4
(B) 2e

1 1 2 2

   
2 3 2 3
D-3. If 1  2 x dx,  2  2 x dx,  3  2 x dx and  4  2 x dx then –
0 0 1 1
(A) I3 > I4 (B) I3 = I4 (C) I1 > I2 (D) I2 > I1

D-4.Let f "(x) f '(x)f(0) = 3 & f(x) is defined in [–2, 2]. If f(x) is non-negative, then
0 2 2 1
(A)  f x  dx  6 (B)  f x  dx  12 (C)  f x  dx  12 (D)  f x  dx  12
1 2 2 1

1 1
D-5. Let mean value of f(x) = over interval (0, 2) is  n3 then positive value of c is
xc 2
1 3
(A) 1 (B) (C) 2 (D)
2 2

x
1 1
D-6. Let g (x) = 
0
f (t) d t , where f is such that
2
 f (t)  1 for t  (0, 1] and 0  f (t)  for t (1, 2].
2
Then g (2) satisfies the inequality:
3 1 3 5
(A)   g(2)  (B) 0  g (2) < 2 (C)  g(2)  (D) 2 < g (2) < 4
2 2 2 2

SECTION (E) : INTEGRATION AS A LIMIT OF SUM AND REDUCTION FORMULA

 r3
n

E-1. lim
n
 
 4
r 1  r  n
4
 equals to :


1 1 1
(A)  n 2 (B) n 2 (C) n2 (D) n2
2 3 4

3n

r
n
E-2. Lt is equal to :
n
2n1
2
 n2
2 3 2 3
(A)  n (B)  n (C)  n (D)  n
3 2 3 2

1/n
 1   22   n 2 
E-3. lim 1 2  1 2  ..... 1 2  is equal to :
n 
 n   n   n 
 
π /2
e 2
(B) 2 e e/2 e π /2 (D) 2 e
2
(A) (C)
2e2 e2


E-4. lim
π π
sin  sin
2π
 ..... sin
n  1 π  is equals to :

n  n  n n n 
(A) 0 (B)  (C) 2 (D) 3

 1 x 
1
3 n
E-5. Let n = dx , (n N) then
0
(A) 3n n = (3n – 1) n–1 n 2 (B) (3n – 1)n = 3n n–1n 2
(C) (3n – 1)n = (3n + 1) n–1 n 2 (D) (3n + 1)n = 3n n–1 n 2

33
Definite Integration

Section (F) : Area Under Curve

3π
F-1. The area bounded by the curves y = cos x and y = sinx between the ordinates x = 0 and x = is
2
(A) 4 2 2 (B) 4 2 –1 (C) 4 2 1 (D) 4 2 – 2

3
F-2. Area bounded by curve y – 9y+ x = 0 and y-axis is
9 81
(A) (B) 9 (C) (D) 81
2 2
x
F-3. Let f:[0, ) R be a continuous and strictly increasing function such that f (x) =
3
t f
2
t  dt , x 0.
0
The area enclosed by y = f(x), the x-axis and the ordinate at x = 3 is –––––––
3 5 7 1
(A) (B) (C) (D
2 2 2 2
F-4. The area bounded by y = x2 + 1 and the tangents to it drawn from the origin is :
(A) 8/3 sq. units (B) 1/3 sq. units (C) 2/3 sq. units (D) none of these

3
F-5. The area bounded by y = 2 – 2 – xand y = is:
x
4  3  n3 4  3  n3 3 1
(A) (B) (C)   n3 (D)   n3
2 2 2 2
2 y 2
F-6. The area bounded between the parabolas x = and x = 9y and the straight line y = 2 is :
4
10 2 20 2
(A) 20 2 (B) (C) (D) 10 2
3 3
The area of the region bounded by x = 0, y = 0, x = 2, y = 2, y e and y   n x, is
x
F-7.
(A) 6 – 4  n 2 (B) 4  n 2 – 2 (C) 2  n 2 – 4 (D) 6 – 2  n 2

3
F-8.The area between two arms of the curve |y| = x from x = 0 to x = 2 is
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 16

Exercise-2 (Silver)
PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

100 100  1 
1.  If  f x  dx = a, then    f r  1 x  dx  
r 1  0
0 
(A) 100 a (B) a (C) 0 (D) 10 a

 n 2
0, where x  , n  1,2,3....
2. If f(x) =  n 1 , then the value of f x  dx . 

1, else where 0

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) 

34
Definite Integration

π
sin nx
If n = 
 π 1  π sin x
3. x
dx, n = 0, 1, 2, ..., then

10 10
(A) n = n+1 (B) 
m1
I 2m1  10 π (C) I
m 1
2m  10 (D) None

 yi
 sin    
4 i1
 ex 
4. If 1
x i cos1y i = 6, then x ln 1 x 2   dx is equal to
 1 e 2x 
i1 4  
 xi
i1

4 –4  17  4 –4
(A) 0 (B) e + e (C) ln   (D) e – e
 12 

n3
xsinx 2
5. The value of  
sinx 2  sin n6  x 2  dx is
n2
1 3 1 3 3 1 3
(A) n (B) n (C) n (D) n
4 2 2 2 2 6 2

6. The tangent to the graph of the function y = f(x) at the point with abscissa x =1 form an angle of /6 
and at the point x = 2, an angle of /3 and at the point x = 3, an angle of /4 with positive x-axis. The
3 3
value of  f ' x f"x  dx   f"x  dx (f''(x) is supposed to be continuous) is :
1 1

4 3 1 3 3 1 4 3 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)  3
3 3 2 3 3

1 a
et e t
7.  Let A = 
0
1 t
dt , then 
a 1
t  a 1
dt has the value :

–a –a –a a
(A) Ae (B) – Ae (C) – ae (D) Ae

π /2
 2 π x 
8. The value of the integral 
 π /2
 x  n

 cos x dx is
π x 

π2 π2 π2
(A) 0 (B) 4 (C) 4 (D)
2 2 2
2
9. x
2x 2 1
1 2 n x dx is equal to
1
255
(A) 256 (B) 255 (C) (D) 128
2
cosec θ
 1
 f x  dx equals to :
2
10. If f(x) is a function satisfying f   + x f(x) = 0 for all non-zero x, then
 
x
sinθ
(B) sin   (C) cosec  
2 2
(A) sin+ cosec (D) none of these

x 4 1  x 
1 4
11.  The value(s) of  1 x2
dx is (are)
0
22 2 71 3 π
(A) π (B) (C) 0 (D) 
7 105 15 2

35
Definite Integration

t n1 t 
x
1
12. The value of lim
x 0 x 3 
0
t4  4
dt is

1 1 1
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D)
12 24 64

x
dt
13.  Let f (x) = 
0 1 t 3
and g (x) be the inverse of f (x), then which one of the following holds good?

2 2 2 2
(A) 2g'' = g (B) 2g'' = 3g (C) 3g'' = 2g (D) 3g'' = g

2 1
14.  Let f(x) is differentiable function satisfying 2 f tx  dt = x + 2 , x R Then
  8f 8x  f x   21x dx
1 0
equals to
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9

1
(2x 332  x 998  4x1668 . sin x 691)
15. Evaluate the definite integral,  1  x 666
dx
1
 4 4
(A) (B)  (C) 0 (D)
666 666 666

 x tan x dx , n N, then

1
1
16. Let n = n

0
π 1 π 1
(A) (n + 1)n + (n – 1)n–2 =  n 3 (B) (n + 1)n + (n – 1)n–2 =  n 3
4 n 2 n
π 1 π 1
(C) (n + 1)n – (n – 1)n–2 =  n 3 (D) (n + 1)n – (n – 1)n–2 =  n 3
4 n 2 n

π /2
17.  If, un  x
n
sin x dx , then the value of u10 + 90 u8 is :
0
8 9 9 9
π π π π
(A) 9   (B)   (C) 10   (D) 9  
2 2 2 2

tan x cot x
t t
18.  The value of  1 t
1/ e
2
dt   t1t  dt , where x (/6, /3), is equal to :
1/ e
2

(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) cannot be determined

2
19. Let f(x) be a function satisfying f'(x) = f(x) with f(0) = 1 and g be the function satisfying f(x) + g(x) = x .
1
The value of the integral  f (x)g (x)dx is
0
1
(A) e – e 2 
5
(B) e – e2 – 3 (C)
1
e  3 (D) e 
1 2 3
e 
2 2 2 2 2

xu  x
 f t  dt  du and A = A1
20. Let A1 = 

00
 2  f u. x  u du then A2
is equal to :
 0

1
(A) (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) –1
2

36
Definite Integration


lim sin
π 2π 3π n  1 π . 1/n
21. . sin . sin ....... sin  is equal to :
n 2n 2n 2n n 
1 1 1 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 4 4

r  4n

 r 3
n
is equal to –

22. The value of Lim 2
n
r 1 r 4 n
(A) 1/35 (B) 1/14 (C) 1/10 (D) 1/5

23. Area bounded by the region consisting of points (x, y) satisfying y  2  x 2 , y 2  x, y  x is

π
(A) (B)    (C) 2   (D) /4
2

24. Find the whole area included between the curve x2y2 = a2(y2 – x2) and its asymptotes.
(B) 2a 
2 2 2
(A) 4a (C) 4a (D) a

25.  The area bounded by the curve f(x) = x + sin x and its inverse function between the ordinates x = 0 and
x = 2is
(A) 4  (B) 8  (C) 4  (D) 8

26. P(2, 2), Q(–2, 2), R(–2, –2) & S(2, –2) are vertices of a square. A parabola passes through P, S & its
vertex lies on x-axis. If this parabola bisects the area of the square PQRS, then vertex of the parabola
is
 3 
(A) (–2, 0) (B) (0, 0) (C)   ,0  (D) (–1, 0)
 2 

t2 2

 2 tan z  1  tan z 
2

t

z 1  tan
2
z  2 tan z 

If x  e   
z
27.  dz & y e   dz
0

 2 z sec z2

 0

 2 z sec z2


Then the inclination of the tangent to the curve at t =  / 4 is –
(A)  / 4 (B)  / 3 (C)  / 2 (D) 3 / 4

 πx
28. The ratio in which the curve y = x² divides the region bounded by the curve; y = sin   and the xaxis
 2 
as x varies from 0 to 1, is :
(A) 2:   (B) 1: 3 (C) 3:   (D) (6 ): 

 π  π 
29. If f(x) = sin x, x  0,  , f(x) + f(– x) = 2. x   , π  and f(x) = f(2– x), x  π , 2 π , then
 2  2 
the area enclosed by y = f(x) and x-axis is
(A)   (B) 2  (C) 2 (D) 4

Let the straight line x = b divide the area enclosed by y = (1 – x) , y = 0, and x = 0 into two parts R1 (0 
2
30.
1
x b) and R2 (b x 1) such that R1 – R2 = . Then b equals
4
3 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 2 3 4
x –x
31. The area bounded by the curves y = x e , y = x e and the line x = 1
2 2 1 1
(A) (B) 1 – (C) (D) 1 –
e e e e

37
Definite Integration

32. Consider the following statements :

2π
S1 : The value of  cos
1
cos x dx is 2
0
S2 : Area enclosed by the curve |x – 2| + |y + 1| = 1 is equal to 3 sq. unit
d
f(x) = g(x) for a x b, then f x  g x  dx equals to
f b2  f a2 .
b
S3 : If
dx 
a
2
1
S4 : Area of the region R {(x, y) ; x y x} is
2

6
State, in order, whether S1, S2, S3, S4 are true or false
(A) TFTT (B) TTTT (C) FFFF (D) TFTF

PART - II : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE


x
1.  1 x 1 x  dx equals to :
0
2

π π
(A) (B)
4 2

dx
(C) is same as  1 x 1 x 
0
2
(D) cannot be evaluated

b
x
2. The value of integral 
a
x
dx , a < b is :

(A) b – a if a > 0 (B) a – b if b < 0 (C) b + a if a < 0 < b (D) | b | – | a |

1
dx
3.  If n =  1 x 
0
2 n
; n N, then which of the following statements hold good?

π 1
(A) 2n n + 1 = 2n + (2n 1) I (B) 2 = 
n

8 4
π 1 π 5
(C) 2 =  (D) 3 = 
8 4 16 48
ex e x
dt dt
4. Let f : R R be defined as f(x) =  1 t
1
2
  1 t
1
2
, then

(A) f(x) is periodic (B) f(f(x)) = f(x) x R

π
(C) f(1) = f '(1) = (D) f(x) is unbounded
2
k k
1
5. Let ƒ be a positive function, let 1  
1k
xf [ x(1  x )] dx ,  2   f [x1 x] dx , where 2k – 1 > 0. Then
1k
2
is –

(A) 2 (B) k (C) 1/2 (D) less than 1

n

 k  ank  bn is equal to

n
If a, b R then lim
+
6. 
n 
k 1
1 bb  1 1 ab  1
(A) ln if a b (B) ln if a b
a  b aa  1 a  b ba  1
1
(C) non existent if a = b (D) if a = b
a1 a 
38
Definite Integration

π
x
3
7. Let f(x) = 
x
sin θ d θ (x [0, ])

(A) f(x) is strictly increasing in this interval (B) f(x) is differentiable in this interval
(C) Range of f(x) is 2  3, 1   (D) f(x) has a maxima at x =
π
3

2
8. If f(x) is integral over [1, 2], then  f x  dx is equal to :
1
n 2n n 2n
r r r n r
    f  n 
1 1 1 1
(A) lim f  (B) lim f  (C) lim f  (D) lim
r 1   r n1   r 1 
n n n n n n n n n  n n
r 1

1
2
1
9.  Let n = 
0 1 x n
dx where n > 2 , then

π π 1 1
(A) n < (B) n > (C) n < (D) n >
6 6 2 2
x
10.  Let f be a real-valued function defined on the interval (0, ) by f(x) =  n x + 
0
1 sint dt. Then which

of the following statement(s) is (are) true?

(A) f(x) exists for all x (0, )
(B) f(x) exists for all x (0, ) and fis continuous on (0, ), but not differentiable on (0, )
(C) there exists > 1 such that |f(x)| < |f(x)| for all x (, )
(D) there exists > 0 such that |f(x)| + |f(x)| for all x (0, )

x
11. Let f(x) = 
0
2t  3 dt , then f is

(A) continuous at x = 3/2 (B) continuous at x = 3

(C) differentiable at x = 3/2 (D) differentiable at x = 0

π
Let n =  sin x dx , n N, then
n
12.
0
(A) n is rational if n is odd (B) n is irrational if n is even
(C) n is an increasing sequence (D) n is a decreasing sequence

 e t  2t  3 dt for all x (0, ), then

2
t
13. If f(x) =
0
(A) f has a local maximum at x = 2
(B) f is decreasing on (2, 3)
(C) there exists some c (0, ) such that f(c) = 0
(D) f has a local minimum at x = 3

14.  Let f(x) be a function satisfying f(x) + f(x + 2) = 10 x R, then
(A) f(x) is a periodic function (B) f(x) is a periodic function
7 7
(C)  f x  dx = 20 (D)  f x  dx = 40
1 1

39
 Definite Integration

sin 2 nx
π
15. Let n = 
0
sin 2 x
dx , n N, then

(A) n+2 + n = 2 n+1

(B) n = n+1
(C) n = n
 (D) 1, 2, 3, n are in Harmonic progression

16.  Let f(x) be a continuous function and

9
 =  x f x  dx , then
1

(A) There exists some c (1, 9) such that = 8 c f(c)

(B) There exists some p, q (1, 3) such that = 2[p f(p ) + q f(q )]
2 2 2 2

(C) There exists some (1, 9) such that = 9 α f()

(D) If f(x) 0 x [1, 9]   > 0

If S be the area of the region enclosed by y = e  x , y = 0, x = 0, and x = 1. Then

2
17.

1 1 1 1  1 1  1 
(A) S  (B) S 1- (C) S  1  (D) S   1 
e e 4 e 2 e 2


 λx 1 
18. Let =   x
2
2
1

2x
 dx & is a finite real number, then
 1
1 1 5 1 5
(A) = (B) = 1 (C) =  n  (D) =  n 
2 2 2 4 4

19.  Let f(x) be a strictly increasing, non-negative function such that f"(x) < 0 x (, ) &
β
 f x  dx (>), then

α

 α β   α β 
(A) < f  β α  (B) > f  β α 
 2   2 
1 1
(C) > (f() + f())(–) (D) I < (f() + f())(–)
2 2

π π
x sin x x 3 sin x
20. 1 =  1  cos2 x dx , 2 =  π 2  3 π x  3x 2 (1  cos2 x) dx then
0 0

π 2
π2
(A) 1 = (B) 1 = (C) 1 = 2 (D) 1 > 2
8 4

x2 x2

 sin
0
t dt  sin
0
t dt
21. Let L1 = lim , L2 = lim ,then identify the correct option(s).
x 0 x  sinx x 0 x  sinx
(A) L1 = 4 (B) L1 + L2 = 8 (C) L1 + L2 = 0 (D) |L2| = |L1|

40
Definite Integration

1  2
k k
 3k  ....  nk 
22. lim
n  1
 2  .....  n 1  2  .....  n3
2 2 2
 3 3
 = F(k)(k N)
(A) F(k) is finite for k 6 (B) F(5) = 0
12 5
(C) F(6) = (D) F(6) =
7 7

n n 1

r r
n n
23. Let Tn = , Sn = , then
r 1
2
 2r.n  2n 2
r 0
2
 2r.n  2n2
π
(A) Tn > Sn n N (B) Tn >
4
π π
(C) Sn < (D) lim Sn 
4 n 4

1
24. f(x) =  f tx dt , where f ' (x) is a continuous function such that f(1) = 2, then
0
(A) f(x) is a periodic function (B) f '(x) = 0
(C) f(x) is an even function (D) f(x) is an odd function

x
25. Area of the region bounded by the curve y =e and lines x = 0 and y = e is

e 1 e
(A) e – 1 (B)  ne  1 y  dy (C) e –  e x dx (D)  ny dy
1 0 1

–1
26.  Let 'c' be a positive real number such that area bounded by y = 0 y = [tan x] from x = 0 to x = c is
–1
equal to area bounded by y = 0, y = [cot x], from x = 0 to x = c (where [] represents greatest integer
function), then
(A) c = tan1 + cot1 (B) c = 2cosec2 (C) c = tan1 – cot1 (D) c = –2 cot2

Exercise-3 (Gold)
PART - I : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE
4
3x 2  1 λ
1.  x
2
2
1 
3
dx 
n2
where , n N and gcd(, n) = 1, then find the value of + n

f x  f x 
10 100
 100 
2.  Let f(x) be a function satisfying f x   f   x 0. If  dx  5 then find the value of  dx
 x  1
x
1
x

3. Evaluate
1002 1003
dx
2005 
0 1002  x  1003  x
2 2 2 2
 
1002
10032  x 2 dx

1
= k, then find the sum of squares of digits of

 1 x dx 2

0
natural number k.

41
Definite Integration

π /2
π
4.  If 0
sin 2 θ . sin θ d θ =
n
then find n

π /4 1

 1  tanx
dx I1
 1  x 2 1  x 2  then find the value of
2
5.  Let I1 = dx , 2 =
0 0
I2

2
x 2

 1 dx u 1000u .
6. x .
1
3
2x  2x  1
4 2

v
where u and v are in their lowest form. Find the value of
v

1 2 
7. Find the value of  n e t  t 2t 2  t  1 dt 
  
 
0 

0
x
8. If  x  1 e
1
x
dx is equal to –  nk , then find the value of k.

9.  For any real number, let [x] denote the largest integer less than or equal to x. Let f be a real valued
function defined on the interval [–10, 10] by
 x  x if x is odd
f(x) = 
1 x  x if x is even
10
π2
Then the value of
10  f x  cos x dx is
10

π /2 π
π π 
f x  f   x  dx =  f x  dx then find the value of k.
sin x
10.  If f(x) =
x
x (0, ], If
k 0
2  0

π
a 2 sin 2 x  b 2cos2 x 3π 2
 a sin x  b cos x dx , where a , a b and ab 0.
2 2 2
11. Evaluate: 3 4 2 4 2
+b =
4
0

/4 2 /4 2
 cos x   sinx  cosx  v
12. Let u =  0
  dx and v 
 sin x  cos x   0

 cos x
 dx. Find the value of .
 u

2π
13. 
0
15sin x  cos x dx

3 π a
x
14. Let a be a real number in the interval [0, 314] such that 
 π a
x  a  π sin  dx = –16, then determine
2
number of such values of a.

 /2
15. For f(x) = x4 +|x|, let I1 = 
0
f (cos x ) dx and I2 =  f (sin x) dx then I
0
1 / I2 has the value equal to -

x
16. Let f : R R be a continuous function which satisfies f(x) =  f t  dt. Then the value of f(  n 5) is
0

42
 Definite Integration

3 x
d 3t 4  1
17. Evaluate: 2. Lim
x  dx  1 (t  3)( t 2  3) dt
2 sin
x

 
x
18.  If f(x) = (ax + b) e satisfies the equation : f x   e x  y f ' y  dy  x 2  x  1 e x , find (a + b )

x 2 2

π
19. If the minimum of the following function f(x) defined at 0 < x < .
2
π

 cos θ   sin θ is equal to  na  b where a, b N and b is not a perfect square then find the
x 2
dθ dθ
f(x) =
0 x
value of (a + b)

1/ n

 (2007sin x  2008cos x) | x | dx
2
20. Lim n
n 
1/ n

x 5 x

 f t  dt +  f t  dt (0 < x < 5). Find the number of integers for

3 2
21.  If f(x) = 2x – 15x + 24x and g(x) =
0 0
which g(x) is increasing.


–x
22.  Let f be a real-valued function defined on the interval (–1, 1) such that e f(x) = 2 + t 4  1 dt , for all
0

–1 –1 a
x (–1, 1) and let f be the inverse function of f. Then (f )(2) is equal to where a,b are coprime
b
then ab is

23. Let f : [–1, 2] [0, ) be a continuous function such that f(x) = f(1 – x) for all x [–1, 2].
2
Let R1 =  x f x  dx, and R
1
2 be the area of the region bounded by y = f(x), x = –1, x = 2, and the x-axis.

R2
Then the value of is
R1

–1
24. Find area bounded by y = f (x), x = 10, x = 4 and x-axis
given that area bounded by y = f(x), x = 2, x = 6 and x-axis is 30 sq. units, where f(2) = 4 and f(6) = 10.
(given f(x) is an invertible function)

25. If y = g(x) is the inverse of a bijective mapping ƒ : R  R, ƒ (x) = 6x5 + 4x3 + 2x, find the area bounded
by g(x), the x-axis and the ordinate at x = 12.

43
Definite Integration

PART - II : MATCH THE COLUMN & COMPREHENSIONS

1. Column-I Column-II
(A) If [ ] denotes the greatest integer function and (p) 1
 5|x|  2
3[ x]  ; x  0
f ( x)  

x



, then f ( x ) dx is equal to 
 2 ; x 0   3 / 2
/2
cos x 11
(B) The value of 
 / 2
1 e x
dx is (q) 
2
sin cos ec
x 1
(C) If I1 = 
1
1 x 2
dx and I2 = 
1
x( x  1)
2
dx then the (r) 3 / 2

1 12 2
1   2
value of e  22  1 , is
1 12   22 1
(D) If f(x) and g(x) are two continuous functions defined on R, (s) 0
a
then the value of
a
 f (x)  f (x)g(x)  g(x) dx, is
T

 sin x  sin ax

1 2
2. Let Lim dx = L then
T  T
0
Column - I Column- II

(A) for a = 0, the value of L is (p) 0

(B) for a = 1 the value of L is (q) 1/2

(C) for a = – 1 the value of L is (r) 3/2

(D) a R – {–1, 0, 1} the value of L is (s) 2

(t) 1
Comprehension # 1
x
Let g(x) =  f (t) dt , where ƒ is a function whose graph is show adjacently.
0
ƒ (t)
3
2
1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t
–1
–2
–3

On the basis of above information, answer the following questions

3. Maximum value of g(x) in x  [0, 7] is -
(A) 3 (B) 9/2 (C) 3/2 (D) 6

4. Value of x at which g(x) becomes zero, is –

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6

5. Set of values of x in [0, 7] for which g(x) is negative is -

(A) (2, 7) (B) (3, 7) (C) (4, 6) (D) (5, 7)
44
Definite Integration

Comprehension # 2

 max.(f ( t ))  min.(f ( t )) 
  0x4
 
2
Consider g( x )  | x  5 |  | x  4 | 4 x5

  1 6x 

tan sin  2 x 5

   x  12x  37  
where ƒ (x) = x2 – 4x + 3.
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions:

5
6.  g( x) dx is equal to
2
(A) 5/3 (B) 3 (C) 13/3 (D) 3/2

x2
7. If h( x )   g(t) dt , then complete set of values of x in the interval [0, 7] for which h(x) is decreasing, is -
0

(A) (6, 7] (B) (5, 7] (C)  6, 7  (D)  6,7

g( x )  g(2)
8. lim is equal to -
x 4 n(cos( 4  x ))

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) does not exist

Comprehension # 3

Consider the polynomial

2 3
f(x) = 1 + 2x + 3x + 4x
Let s be the sum of all distinct real roots of f(x) and let t = |s|

9. The real number s lies in the interval.

 1   3  3 1  1
(A)   ,0  (B)   11,  (C)   ,  (D)  0, 
 4   4  4 2  4

10. The area bounded by the curve y = f(x) and the lines x = 0, y = 0 and x = t, lies in the interval

3   21 11   21 
(A)  ,3  (B)  ,  (C) (9, 10) (D)  0, 
4   64 16   64 

11.  The function f(x) is

 1  1 
(A) increasing in   t,  and decreasing in   , t 
 4   4 
 1  1 
(B) decreasing in   t,  and increasing in   , t 
 4   4 
(C) increasing in (–t, t)
(D) decreasing in (–t, t)

45
 Definite Integration

Comprehension # 4

 n 1 xcos θ 
x2 x2 π

Let g(t) =  f t, x  dx. Then g(t) =  (f(t, x)) dx. Consider f(x) = dθ .
t cos θ
x1 x1 0

12. Range of f(x) is

π π   π2 π2 
(A) (0, ) (B) (0,  ) (D)  , 
2
(C)  , 
 2 2  2 2 


13. The number of critical points of f(x), in the interior of its domain, is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinitely many

14. f(x) is
(A) discontinuous at x = 0 (B) differentiable at x = 1
(C*) continuous at x = 0 (D) None of these

Comprehension # 5

If length of perpendicular drawn from points of a curve to a straight line approaches zero along an
infinite branch of the curve, the line is said to be an asymptote to the curve. For example, y-axis is an
–x
asymptote to y =  nx & x-axis is an asymptote to y = e .

Asymptotes parallel to x-axis :

If lim f(x) = e (a finite number) then y = e is an asymptote to y = f(x). Similarly if lim f(x) = , then y =
x  x 
 is also an asymptote.

Asymptotes parallel to y-axis :

If lim f(x) or lim f(x) , then x = a is an asymptote to y = f(x).

x a x a

15. Number of asymptotes parallel to co-ordinate axes for the function f(x) =
x  1x  2 is equal to :
x  1x  2
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

2x
16. Area bounded by y = , it's asymptote and ordinates at points of extremum is equal to (in square
x2 1
unit)
(A)  n2 (B) 2  n2 (C)  n3 (D) 2  n3

2 –x
17. Area bounded by y = x e and it's asymptote in first quadrant is equal to (in square unit)
(A) 2e (B) e (C) 1 (D) 2

46
Definite Integration

Exercise-4 (Platinum)
PART - I : JEE MAIN QUESTIONS

π /3
dx
1. Statement-I : The value of the integral  1
π /6
tan x
is equal to /6. [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –1),360]

b b
Statement-II :  f x  dx  f a  b  x  dx

a a
(1) Statement-I is true; Statement-II is true; Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(2) Statement-I is true; Statement-II is true; Statement-II is not a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(3) Statement-I is true; Statement-II is false.
(4) Statement-I is false; Statement-II is true.

2. The area (in square units) bounded by the curves y = x , 2y – x + 3 = 0, x-axis, and lying in the first
quadrant is : [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –1),360]
27
(1) 9 (2) 36 (3) 18 (4)
4

π
x x
3. The integral 
0
1 4 sin 2
2
 4 sin dx equals :
2
[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, – 1), 120]

π 2π
(1) 4 3  4 (2) 4 3  4  (3) – 4 (4) 44 3
3 3

The area of the region described by A = {(x, y) : x + y 1 and y 1 – x} is :

2 2 2
4.
[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, – 1),120]
π 2 π 2 π 4 π 4
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3

4
log x 2
5. The integral  log x
2
2

 log 36  12x  x 2  dx is equal to [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – 1), 120]

(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 1 (4) 6

The area (in sq. units) of the region described by {(x, y); y 2x and y 4x – 1} is
2
6.
[JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – 1), 120]
7 5 15 9
(1) (2) (3) (4)
32 64 64 32

7. The area (in sq. units) of the region {(x,y) : y 2x and x + y 4x, x 0, y 0} is [JEE Main 2016]
2 2 2

8 4 2 π 2 2 4
(1) – (2) – (3)  (4) –
3 3 2 3 3

 n  1n  2......3n
1/n
8. lim  is equal to : [JEE Main 2016]
n  n2n 
27 9 18
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 3 log3 – 2 (4)
e e e4

47
Definite Integration

The area (in sq. units) of the region {(x, y) : x 0 , x + y 3 , x 4y and y 1 + x } is :
2
9. 
[JEE(Main) 2017, (4, – 1), 120]
59 3 7 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
12 2 3 2

3π
4
dx
10. The integral  1 cos x is equal to
π
[JEE(Main) 2017, (4, – 1), 120]

4
(1) –2 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) –1

π
2
sin 2 x
11. The value of  1 2
π
x
dx is : [JEE(Main) 2018, (4, – 1), 120]

2
π π π
(1) 4   (2) (3) (4)
4 8 2

12.  Let g(x) = cosx , f(x) = x , and , (< ) be the roots of the quadratic equation 18x – 9x +  = 0.
2 2 2

Then the area (in sq. units) bounded by the curve y = (gof) (x) and the lines x=, x = and y = 0, is
[JEE(Main) 2018, (4,– 1), 120]
(1)
1
2

3 2 (2)
1
2
2 1 (3)
1
2
3 1  (4)
1
2
3 1    

 x 
b
13. Let = 4
 2x 2 dx . If is minimum then the ordered pair (a, b) is :
a
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]

(1) 0, 2  (2)  2,  2  
(3)  2, 2  
(4)  2, 0 
π /2
dx
14. The value of 
 π /2
x  sin x  4
, where [t] denotes the greatest less than or equal to t, is :

[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-01-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]

7 3 3 1
(1) (7– 5) (2) (4– 3) (3) (4– 3) (4) (7+ 5)
12 10 20 12


 x 
2x
e 
e x

15.
1




The integral
 e


 
 x

 loge xdx is equal to


[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (12-01-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]
3 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1)   2 (2)  e  2 (3)  e  2 (4)    2
2 e 2e 2 2e 2 e 2 e 2e


4
2  x cos x
16. If f ( x ) 
2  x cos x
and g( x)  loge x, ( x  0) then the value of integral  g(f ( x)) dx is :

-
4
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (08-04-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
(1) loge3 (2) logee (3) loge2 (4) loge1

48
Definite Integration

x x
17. 
Let f ( x )  g ( t ) dt , where g is a non-zero even function. If f(x + 5) = g(x), then
0
 f (t) dt equals :
0
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (08-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]
5 x 5 x 5 5
(1)  g (t) dt
x 5
(2)  g (t) dt
5
(3) 2  g(t) dt
5
(4) 5
x 5
 g(t) dt
1

 x cot
1
18. The value of the integral (1  x 2  x 4 ) dx is :
0
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (09-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]

 1    1
(1)  loge 2 (2)  loge 2 (3)  loge 2 (4)  loge 2
2 2 4 2 4 2
/3
19. The integral 
/6
sec 2 / 3 x cosec  / 3 x dx is equal to
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]
5/6 2/3 4/3 1/3 7/6 5/6 5/3 1/3
(1) 3 –3 (2) 3 –3 (3) 3 –3 (4) 3 –3

20. If f(a + b + 1 – x) = f(x), for all x, where a and b are fixed positive real numbers, then
1 b
ab a 
x f ( x )  f ( x  1) dx is equal to [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (07-01-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]

b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1
(1) a 1
f ( x ) dx (2) a 1
f ( x ) dx (3) 
a 1
f ( x  1) dx (4) 
a 1
f ( x  1) dx

2 2
21. For a > 0, let the curves C1 : y = ax and C2 : x = ay intersect at origin O and a point P. Let the line
x = b (0 < b < a) intersect the chord OP and the x-axis at points Q and R, respectively. If the line x = b
1
bisects the area bounded by the curves, C1 and C2 and the area of OQR = , then 'a' satisfies the
2
equation [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (08-01-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]
6 3 6 3 6 3 6 3
(1) x – 12x + 4 = 0 (2) x – 6x + 4 = 0 (3) x – 12x – 4 = 0 (4) x + 6x – 4 = 0

2
dx
22. If I  
1 2x 3  9x 2  12x  4
, then [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (08-01-20),P-2 (4, – 1), 100]

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1)  I2  (2)  I2  (3)  I2  (4)  I2 
9 8 6 2 16 9 8 4

2
x sin 8 x
23. The value of  sin
0
8
x  cos8 x
dx is equal [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]

(4) 
2 2
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 2
1

 f ( x) dx is equal
2
24. If for all real triplets (a, b, c), f(x) = a + bx + cx ; then
0
[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]

  1  1  1 
(1) 23f (1)  2f   (2) f (1)  3f  
  2  2  2 

1  1  1  1 
(3) f ( 0 )  f    (4) f (0)  f (1)  4f  
3  2  6  2 
49
Definite Integration

25. Let a function f : [0, 5]  R be continuous f(1) = 3 and F be defined as

x t


F( x )  t g ( t ) dt, where g(t) =  f (u) du
2
[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-2 (4, – 1), 100]
1 1

Then for the function F, the point x = 1 is :

(1) a point of inflection (2) a point of local minima
(3) not a critical point (4) a point of local maxima

2
26. Let [t] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to t. Then the value of 1 2x  [3x] dx is ______.
[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (02-09-20),P-2 (4, – 1), 100]

1/ 2 x2 k
27. If the value of the integral  0 (1  x )
2 3/2
dx is
6
, then k is equal to :

[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (03-09-20),P-2 (4, – 1), 100]

(1) 2 3   (2) 3 2   (3) 3 2   (4) 2 3  

/3
28. /6
tan3 x. sin 2 3x (2 sec 2 x. sin 2 3x  3 tan x. sin 6x )dx is equal to :
[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (04-09-20),P-2 (4, – 1), 100]
9 1 1 7
(1) (2)  (3)  (4)
2 9 18 18

1 1
29. 
0

If I1  (1  x 50 )100 dx and I 2  (1  x 50 )101 dx such that I2 =  I1 then  equal to :
0
[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (06-09-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]
5050 5050 5049 5051
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5051 5049 5050 5050

PART - II : JEE (ADVANCED) / PREVIOUS YEARS SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

 π
1. The area enclosed by the curves y = sinx + cosx and y = |cosx – sinx| over the interval 0,  is
 2
[JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-1, (2, 0)/60]

(A) 4 2  1  (B) 2 2 2  1   
(C) 2 2  1  (D) 2 2 2  1  
1 
2.  Let f :  , 1 R (the set of all real numbers) be a positive, non-constant and differentiable function
2 
1
 1
such that f(x) < 2 f(x) and f   = 1. Then the value of
2 1/2
 f x  dx lies in the interval
[JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-1, (2, 0)/60]
 e 1   e  1
(A) (2e – 1, 2e) (B) (e – 1, 2e – 1) (C)  , e  1 (D)  0, 
 2   2 
50
Definite Integration

3.  For a R (the set of all real numbers), a –1, lim

1 a
 2a  .....  na  
1
. Then
n n  1 na  1  na  2  ....  na  n
a 1
60
a= [JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
15 17
(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) (D)
2 2

4. Let f:[a, b] [1, ) be a continuous function and let g : R R be defined as



 0 if xa
x

g(x) =  f t dt if a  x  b , Then
 [JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]
a
b
 f t dt if
  xb
a
(A) g(x) is continuous but not differentiable at a
(B) g (x) is differentiable on R
(C) g(x) is continuous but not differentiable at b
(D) g(x) is continuous and differentiable at either a or b but not both

x  1
 t   dt
5. Let f: (0, ) R be given by f (x) = 
1
e  t
t
. Then [JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]

x
(A) f (x) is monotonically increasing on [1, ) (B) f (x) is monotonically decreasing on (0, 1)
 1
(C) f (x) + f   = 0, for all x (0, )
x
(D) f (2 ) is an odd function of x on R
x

   dx is
1
 d2

5
6. The value of 4x3  2 1 x 2 [JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]
 dx
0  

π
2

 2 cosec x 
17
7. The following integral dx is equal to [JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
π
4

log 1 2  
log 1 2 
(A)  
2 e e
u

u 16
du (B)  e e 
u u 17
du
0 0

log 1 2  
log 1 2 
 e e    
u 17 16
(C) u
du (D) 2 e u  e u du
0 0

Paragraph For Questions 8 and 9

Given that for each a (0, 1)

1h
lim t
a
1 t a1dt
n 0
h
exists. Let this limit be g(a). In addition, it is given that the function g(a) is differentiable on (0, 1).
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]

51
Definite Integration

 1
8.  The value of g   is
2
π π
(A)    (B) 2   (C) (D)
2 4

 1
9.  The value of g   is
2
π π
(A) (B)    (C) – (D) 0
2 2

10. List I List II

[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]

P. The number of polynomials f (x) with non-negative integer 1. 8

1
coefficients of degree 2, satisfying f (0) = 0 and  f x  dx  1, is
0

Q. The number of points in the interval  13, 13 at which

2 2
  2. 2
f (x) = sin(x ) + cos(x ) attains its maximum value, is

2
3x 2
R.  1 e  dx equals
2
x
3. 4

 1/2  1 x  
 dx 
 
cos 2x log 
 1 x  
S.   equals
1/2
4. 0
 1/2 
 cos 2x log 1 x  dx 

0
  1 x  


P Q R S
(A) 3 2 4 1
(B) 2 3 4 1
(C) 3 2 1 4
(D) 2 3 1 4

x , x  2
11. Let f : R R be a function defined by f (x) =  where [x] is the greatest integer
 0, x  2
2
 
xf x 2
less than or equal to x. If I = 
1
2  f x  1
dx , then the value of (4–1) is

[JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, 0) /88]

 e  121 x9x

1
9x  3tan1x
2 
12. If =  dx where tan– 1 x takes only principal values, then the value of
2 
0  
 3π 
 loge 1 α   [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-2 (4, 0) / 80]
 4 

52
Definite Integration

1
13. Let f: R R be a continuous odd function, which vanishes exactly at one point and f (1) = . Suppose
2
Fx 
x x
f t  dt for al l x [–1, 2] and G(x) = t f f t  dt for all x [–1, 2]. If lim
1
that F(x) = 
1

1
x 1 G

x  14
, then

 1
the value of f   is. [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-2 (4, 0) / 80]
2

 π π
Let f (x) = 7tan x + 7tan x – 3tan x – 3tan x for all x    ,  . Then the correct expression(s) is (are)
8 6 4 2
14.
 4 2
[JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-2 (4, -2) / 80]
π /4 π /4
xf x  dx   f x  dx  0
1
(A) 
0
12
(B)
0
π /4 π /4

 xf x  dx  6  f x  dx  1
1
(C) (D)
0 0

1
192x3  1
15. Let f '(x) = for all x R with f   = 0. If m  f x  dx M, then the possible values of m

2  sin π x
4
2 1/2
and M are [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-2 (4, –2)/ 80]
1 1
(A) m = 13, M = 24 (B) m = , M = (C) m = – 11, M = 0 (D) m = 1, M = 12
4 2

16.  The option(s) with the values of a and L that satisfy the following equation is(are)
4π

 e sin at  cos at dt

t 6 4

0
π
L?

 e sin at  cos at dt

t 6 4

0
[JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-2 (4, –2)/ 80]
e4 π  1 e4 π  1
(A) a = 2, L = (B) a = 2, L =
eπ 1 eπ  1
e4 π  1 e4 π  1
(C) a = 4, L = (D) a = 4, L =
eπ 1 eπ  1

Paragraph For Questions 17 and 18

Let F : R R be a thrice differentiable function. Suppose that F(1) = 0, F(3) = –4 and
F'(x) < 0 for all x (1/2, 3). Let f (x) = x F(x) for al l x R.
[JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-2 (4, –2)/ 80]

17. The correct statement(s) is(are)

(A) f '(1) < 0 (B) f (2) < 0
(C) f '(x) 0 for any x (1, 3) (D) f '(x) = 0 for some x (1, 3)

53
Definite Integration

3 3

 x F' x  dx 12 and  x F"x  dx 40, then the correct expression(s) is(are)
2 3
18. If
1 1
3
(A) 9f '(3) + f '(1) – 32 = 0 (B)  f x  dx 12
1
3
(C) 9f '(3) – f '(1) + 32 = 0 (D)  f x  dx = –12
1

π
x2 
6
 1  1
 2cos t dt for all x R and f : 0, 2  [0, ) be a continuous function. For a , 0, 2  if
2
19. Let F(x) =
x
F(a) + 2 is the area of the region bounded by x = 0, y = 0, y = f (x) and x = a, then f (0) is
[JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, 0) /88]

x
t2
20. The total number of distinct x (0, 1] for which  1 t
0
4
dt 2x – 1is

[JEE (Advanced) 2016, Paper-1, (3, 0)/62]

π
2
x 2cos x
21. The value of
π
 1 e x
dx is equal to [JEE (Advanced) 2016, Paper-2, (3, –1)/62]

4

π2 π2
2 2 (C)  – e/2 (D)  + e/2
2 2
(A) (B)
4 4

22. Area of the region x, yR 2

:y 
x  3 ,5y  x  9  15 is equal to
[JEE (Advanced) 2016, Paper-2, (3, 1)/62]
1 4 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 3 2 3

x
 n
  n  n 
 n n
x  n  x  .... x   
23.  Let f(x) =   2  n
 , for all x > 0. Then
 2 
 
  2 n 
2 2
n
 n ! x  n  x  4 .... x  2  
2 2

    n 
[JEE (Advanced) 2016, Paper-2, (4, –2)/62]
 1  1 2 f ' 3 f ' 2
(A) f    f 1 (B) f    f   (C) f(2) 0 (D) 
 
2  
3  
3 f' 3 f' 2

24. Let f : R (0, 1) be a continuous function. Then, which of the following function(s) has (have) the value
zero at some point in the interval (0, 1) ? [JEE(Advanced) 2017, Paper-1,(4, –2)/61]
π
x 2

 f t sint dt  f t sint dt
x
(A) e – (B) f(x) +
0 0
π
x
2

 f t  cos t dt
9
(C) x – (D) x – f(x)
0

54
Definite Integration

π
25.  Let f : R R be a differentiable function such that f(0) = 0, f   = 3 and f(0) = 1. If g(x) =
2
π
2
 π
 f' t cosec t  cot t cosec t f t  dt for x   0, 2  , then lim g(x) =
x 0
0
[JEE(Advanced) 2017, Paper-1,(3, 0)/61]

k 1 k 1
 
98
26. If I = dx , then [JEE(Advanced) 2017, Paper-2,(4, –2)/61]
k 1 k xx  1
49 49
(A) I > loge 99 (B) I < loge 99 (C) I < (D) I >
50 50

If the line x = divides the area of region R = {(x, y)R : x y x, 0 x 1} into two equal parts,
2 3
27.
then [JEE(Advanced) 2017, Paper-2,(4, –2)/61]
1 1
(B)  + 4 – 1 = 0 (C) < < 1 (D) 0 < 
4 2 4 2
(A) 2 – 4 + 1 = 0
2 2

sin2x 
28. If g(x) =  sin 1t  dt ,then [JEE(Advanced) 2017, Paper-2,(4, –2)/61]
sinx

 π  π π π
(A) g'     2 π (B) g'     2 π (C) g'    2 π (D) g'    2 π
 2  2 2 2

1 1/n
29.  For each positive integer n, let yn = ((n + 1) (n + 2) … (n + n)) .
n
For x R, let [x] be the greatest integer less than or equal to x. If lim yn = L, then the value of [L] is
n
________. [JEE(Advanced) 2018, Paper-1,(3, 0)/60]

30. A farmer F1 has a land in the shape of a triangle with vertices at P(0, 0), Q(1, 1) and R(2, 0). From this
land, a neighbouring farmer F2 takes away the region which lies between the side PQ and a curve of
n
the form y = x (n > 1). If the area of the region taken away by the farmer F 2 is exactly 30% of the area
of PQR, then the value of n is [JEE(Advanced) 2018, Paper-1,(3, 0)/60]

1
2
1 3
31. The value of the integral  dx is _____. [JEE(Advanced) 2018, Paper-2,(3, 0)/60]
x  1 1 x  
1
0 2 6 4

The area of the region {(x, y) : xy8, 1y x } is

2
32. [JEE(Advanced) 2019, Paper-1,(4, -1)/54]
7 14 14
(A) 16 loge 2 – 6 (B) 8 loge 2 – (C) 16 loge 2 – (4) 8 loge 2 –
3 3 3

π/ 4
2 dx
=  1 e 2  cos2x  then find 27
2
33. equals ……. [JEE(Advanced) 2019, Paper-1,(3, 0)/54]
π sinx
π / 4

55
Definite Integration

34. For a R, |a| > 1, let

1 3 2  .....  3 n
lim = 54. Then possible value(s) a is/are –
7 / 3 
n  1 1 1
 
n  na  12  na  22  .....  2 
na  n 

[JEE(Advanced) 2019, Paper-2,(4, -1)/54]
(A) 8 (B) –9 (C) 7 (D) –6

x
35. Let f : R R be given by f(x) = (x – 1)(x – 2)(x – 5). Define F(x) =  f t dt , x > 0 . Then which of the
0
following options is/are correct ? [JEE(Advanced) 2019, Paper-2,(4, -1)/54]
(A) F(x) has a local maximum at x = 2
(B) F(x) has a local minimum at x = 1
(C) F(x) has two local maxima and one local minimum in (0, )
(D) F(x) 0, for all x (0, 5)

36. The value of the integral

π/ 2
3 cos θ

0 cos θ  sin θ 5
dθ

Equals [JEE(Advanced) 2019, Paper-2,(3,0)/54]

37. Let the functions f : R  R and g : R  R be defined by

–|x–1| 1
and g(x)  (ex 1  e1 x )
x–1
f(x) = e – e
2
Then the area of the region in the first quadrant bounded by the curves y = f(x), y = g(x) and x = 0 is
[JEE(Advanced) 2020, Paper-1,(3, -1)/66]
1 1
(A) (2  3)  (e  e1 ) (B) (2  3)  (e  e1 )
2 2
1 1
(C) (2  3)  (e  e1 ) (D) (2  3)  (e  e1 )
2 2

38. Which of the following inequalities is/are TRUE? [JEE(Advanced) 2020, Paper-1,(4, -2)/66]
1 1 1 1
3 3 1 2
(A)  x cos x dx  (B)  x sin x dx  (C) 0 x 2
cos x dx  (D)  x 2 sin x dx 
0
8 0
10 2 0
9

39. Let 𝑓 : R → R be a differentiable function such that its derivative 𝑓′ is continuous and ƒ(𝜋) = −6.
x 
If 𝐹 : [0,𝜋]→ R is defined by F(x) f(t)dt, and if   f '(x)  F(x) cos x dx  2, then the value of 𝑓(0) is
0 
_____
[JEE (Advanced) 2020, Paper-2,(4, 0)/66]

56
Definite Integration

Answers
Exercise-1
PART - I
Section (A) :
10
A-1. (i)  (ii) 2 1
21
5 5 3 8
A-2. (i)    (ii) 5   9n  n  (iii) 4 +  n 5 (iv)
2 4 2 21
4  1 e π 2
A-3. (i)  2 (ii) n  (iii) 
1024 2 2 2 6 9
3
A-4. (i)  n ( 3 ) (ii) 7/6 (iii)
8
2   2  4π π
A-5. (i)   2n 
 (ii) (iii) – b  a 2
18 3 3  3 4 2 8
π 9 π
A-6. (i) (ii)  n  (iii)
4 8 2
A-7. ƒ (x) is above the x-axis or on the x-axis for all x  [2,10]. If ƒ(x) is greater than zero for any sub interval
8 8
of [4,8], then 
4
f ( x )dx must be greater than zero. But  f ( x)dx  0  ƒ (x) = 0  x  [4,8]  ƒ (6) = 0.
4

 2
 1  n2 
1
A-8.
8 4 2

Section (B) :
B-1. (i) 13 (ii) 2 2 (iii) 9 (iv) 4
(v) cot 1 (vi) 29 (vii) cos 1 + cos 2 + cos 3 + 3
π2
B-2. (i) 0 (ii) 2 – 2 (iii) (iv) 1
6 3
 16 2
B-4. 
2 2 5

B-5. (i)  (ii)


2 2

loge 1  2  (iii)
2
16
(iv) (a + b)
π
4
(v) 0


1 21  2  2
B-6.  log  B-7.
4 21  2  21  32
π 
B-8. (i) 0 (ii) (iii)  n2 (iv) n2
3 2
2
(v) /2  n2 (vi)   n2
2
2
B-9. 1/2 ln x
3
B-10. (i) (ii) 40 (iii) n – 1 (iv) 4n
2
Section (C) :
 4 8 1
C-1. (i) 4 2 (ii) 12 (iii)    π
 3 4
 
C-2. (ii) 1, 3

57
Definite Integration

1
C-3.
2
 1  1  b2 
C-4. n 
 2 
 
4 8π π π2  16 a9
C-5. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)  (vi)
15 15 2 4 14 245 9

Section (E) :
π
E-1. (i) (ii) 2 (iii) 12 (iv)
2
52  15
2 9 2
E-2. /2
E-3. (a) In = e – n In – 1, I3 = 6 – 2e; (b) n = 3
E-4. (a) 2ln2 (b) – 

Section (F) :
51
F-1. sq. unit
4
π 4 7
F-2. (i)  (ii) (iii) 9 
2 π 120
F-3. 4/3 sq. units
F-4. 
e  1 π
1 π 2
3
F-5. 2 [Link]
4
 3 4
 
F-6.  log 2  3  sq. units
 e 
F-8. 4 sq. units.

PART - I
SECTION (A) :
A-1. (C) A-2. (C) A-3. (C) A-4. (D) A-5. (D)
A-6. (B) A-7. (A) A-8.  (A) A-9. (B) A-10. (D)
Section (B) :
B-1. (C) B-2. (C) B-3. (B) B-4. (D)  B-5. (C)
B-6. (C) B-7. (B) B-8. (C) B-9. (D) B-10. (A)
B-11. (C)  B-12. (A) B-13. (C) B-14. (A) B-15. (B)
B-16. (A)
Section (C) :
C-1. (A) C-2. (B) C-3.  (D) C-4.  (B) C-5. (C)
C-6. (A)
Section (D) :
D-1.  (C) D-2.  (B)  D-3. (C) D-4.(C) D-5. (A)
D-6. (B)
Section (E) :
E-1. (D) E-2. (B) E-3. (C) 
E-4. (C) E-5. (D)
Section (F) :
F-1. (D) F-2. (C) F-3. (A) F-4. (C) F-5. (B)
F-6. (C) F-7. (A) F-8.(C)

58
Definite Integration

Exercise-2
PART - I
1.  (B) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (A)
6. (D) 7.  (B) 8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (D)
11.  (A) 12. (B) 13.  (B) 14.  (C) 15. (D)
16. (B) 17.  (C) 18.  (C) 19. (D) 20. (B)
21. (C) 22. (C) 23. (A) 24. (C) 25.  (D)
26. (D) 27. (D) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (B)
31. (A) 32. (A)

PART - II
1. (AC) 2. (ABCD) 3.  (AB) 4. (AB) 5. (CD)
6.  (BD) 7. (BCD) 8. (BC) 9.  (AD) 10.  (BC)
11. (ABCD) 12. (ABD) 13. (ABCD) 14.  (AD) 15. (AC)
16.  (AB) 17. (ABD) 18. (AD) 19.  (AC) 20. (BC)
21. (ACD) 22. (ABC) 23. (ABCD) 24. (ABC) 25. (BCD)
26.  (AB)

Exercise-3
PART - I
1. 61 2.  10 3. 29 4.  4 5.  4
6. 125 7. 2 8. 2 9.  4 10. 2
11. 8 12. 4 13. 16 14. 25 15. 2
16. 0 17. 21 18.  5 19. 11 20. 2008
21.  2 22.  3 23. 2 24. 22 sq. units 25. 9

PART - II
1. (A)(q), (B)  (p), (C)  (s), (D)  (s) 2. A - q, B - s, C - p, D – t
3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (B) 7. (D)
8. (A) 9. (C) 10. (A) 11.  (B) 12. (D)
13. (A) 14. (C) 15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (D)

Exercise-4
PART - I
1. (4) 2. (1) 3. (2) 4. (3) 5. (3)
6. (4) 7. (1) 8. (1) 9.  (4) 10. (2)
11. (2) 12.  (3) 13. (3) 14. (3) 15. (2)
16. (4) 17. (1) 18. (4) 19. (3) 20. (3)
21. (1) 22. (1) 23. (4) 24. (4) 25. (2)
26. 1.0 27. (1) 28. (3) 29. (1)

59
Definite Integration

PART – II

1. (B) 2.  (D) 3.  (B) 4. (AC)

5. (ACD) 6. 2 7. (A) 8.  (A)
9.  (D) 10. (D) 11. 0 12. 9
13. 7 14. (AB) 15. (D) 16.  (AC)
17. (ABC) 18. (CD) 19. 3 20. 1
21. (A) 22. (C) 23.  (B) 24. (CD)
25.  2 26. (BD) 27. (AC) 28. (BONUS)
29.  1 30. 4 31. 2 32. (C)
33. 4 34. (AB) 35. (ABD) 36. 0.50
37. (A) 38. (ABD) 39. 4.00

60
Definite Integration

Exercise-5 (Diamond)
PART – I OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. If a1, a2 and a3 are the three values of a which satisfy the equation
/2 /2
4a
 (sin x  a cos x ) dx -  x cos x dx  2
3
-2
0 0

then find the value of 1000 a  a  a  .

2
1
2
2
2
3
(A) 5225 (B) 5249 (C) 5250 (D) 5050

1
2. Let & be distinct positive roots of the equation tan x = 2x, then evaluate  sin α x  . sin β x  dx
0

1 5
(A) (B) 0 (C) 1 (D)
6 3

a
3. Evaluate : lim   cos x  lncos x  dx
π
a  0
2

(A) 0 (B) –1 (C)  n2 (D)  n2 – 1

1
 3n
Cn  n
4. Find the Lim
n  2n
Cn 

i i.i  1....i  j  1
where Cj is a binomial coefficient which means
j. j  1.....2.1
64 27 9 27
(A) (B) (C) (D)
81 8 16 16

1
n
5. Evaluate lim n2
n  2014 sin x  2015 cos x x
1
dx

n

(A) 2000 (B) 2015 (C) 2016 (D) 0


dx 
6. For a  2, if the value of the definite integral a
0
2
 ( x  (1/ x )) 2
equals
5050
. Find the value of a.

(A) 2500 (B) 2525 (C) 2000 (D) 25


dx
7. If n > 1, evaluate  2 
n
0  x  1 x 
 
n n n -1 n
(A) (B) (C) (D)
n 1
2
n 1
2
n 1
2
n n2

61
Definite Integration

x t2
at
dt 0
8. Given that lim  1 , then find the values of a and b
x 0 bx  sinx

(A) a = 0, b = 1 (B) a = 1, b = 4 (C) a = 4, b = 1 (D) a = 4, b = 0

/3
(sin 3   cos3   cos2 )(sin   cos   cos2 )2007 (a  b )n  (1  c )n
9. If,
/4
 (sin )2009 (cos )2009
d 
d
where a, b, c and d are all positive integers. Find the value (a + b + c + d).
(A) 2020 (B) 2021 (C) 2022 (D) 2023

Draw a graph of the function f (x) = cos1 (4x 3x), x [1, 1] and find the area enclosed between the
3
10.
graph of the function and the xaxis as x varies from 0 to 1.
(A) 3  3  1 sq. units (B)  3  1 sq. units
(C) 0 sq. unit (D) 6  3  1 sq. units

11. Consider a square with vertices at (1, 1), (1, 1), (1, 1) and (1, 1). Let S be the region consisting of
all points inside the square which are nearer to the origin than to any edge. Sketch the region S and
find its area.
(A)
1
3

8 2  10 
(B) 16 2  20  1

(C) 16 2
3
 1

(D) 16 2  20
3
 
1
12. Let ,  be the distinct positive roots of the equation tan x = 2x then evaluate  (sin x. sin x) dx,
0
independent of  and .
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

13. If [x] denotes the greatest integer function. Draw a rough sketch of the portions of the curves x 2  4 x  
 
y and y = 4 y x that lie within the square {(x, y) | 1  x  4, 1  y < 4} Find the area of the part of the
2

square that is enclosed by the two curves and the line x + y = 3

15 17 19 20
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 6 6 6

14. Find the area of the region bounded by y = f(x) , y = | g(x) | and the lines x = 0, x = 2, where ‘f’ , ‘g’ are
continuous functions satisfying f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) – 8xy x, y R and g(x + y) = g(x) + g(y) + 3xy (x +
y) x, y R also f’(0) = 8 and g’(0) = – 4.
8 4 3 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 4 5


x sin 3 x  anb 
15. If  4  cos
0
2
x
dx  1 

 where a and b are prime and c  N, find the value of (a + b + c).
c 
(A) 9 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D) 11

  2,  3  x  0
16. Let f(x) =  , where g(x) = min {f(|x|) + |f(x)|, f(|x|) – |f(x)|}
x  2, 0  x  3
Find the area bounded by the curve g(x) and the x-axis between the ordinates x = 3 and x = –3.
23 22 22 23
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 4 2 2

62
Definite Integration

Find the area of region {(x, y) : 0 y x 1, 0 y x 1, 0 x 2} .
2
17.
23 23 23 23
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 8 6 2

18. Let ABC be a triangle with vertices A(6, 2( 3 + 1)), B(4, 2) and C(8, 2). If R be the region consisting of
all these points and point P inside ABC which satisfy d(P, BC) max. {d(P, AB), d(P, AC)}
where d(P, L) denotes the distance of the point P from the line L. Sketch the region R and find its area.
4 3 3 4 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 3 3 3

19. Find the area of the region which contains all the points satisfying the condition |x – 2y| + |x + 2y| 8
and xy 2.
(A) 2 log 4 (B) 2(6 – 2 log 4) (C) 2(3 – 2 log 4) (D) 2(6 – 2 log 2)

2
20. Find the area of the region which is inside the parabola y = – x + 6 x – 5, outside the parabola
y = x + 4 x 3 and left of the straight line y = 3 x 15.
2

73 73 73 73
(A) (B) (C) (D)
8 6 4 2

4a2 4a 1 f  1 3a2  3a

   
21. If 4b2 4b 1  f 1   3b2  3b , f(x) is a quadratic function and its maximum value occurs at a
4c 2 4c 1  f 2  3c 2  3c 
    
point V. A is a point of intersection of y = f(x) with x-axis and point B is such that chord AB subtends a
right angle at V. Find the area enclosed by f(x) and chord AB.
125 25 125 125
(A) (B) (C) (D)
27 3 9 3

a2 b2
22. f(x) and g(x) are polynomials of degree 2 such that  f x   1 dx   gx   1 dx
a1 b1

where a1, a2 (a2 > a1) are roots of equation f(x) = 1 and b1, b2 (b2 > b1) are roots of equation g(x) = 1. If
f(x) and g(x) are positive constant and
a2 b2 b2 b2

 f(x)dx  a 2  a1    f x   1 dx but  gx  dx  b 2  b1    gx   1 dx then

a1 b1 b1 b1

(A) |f(x)| < |g(x)| (B) |f(x)| > |g(x)| (C) a2 – a1 > b2 – b1 (D) a2 – a1 < b2 – b1

x y i x y i x2 y2
23. Let L = 4x – 5y, Li =   , Li    , and E =  1
10 8 n 10 8 n 50 32
Let Ai represents the area of region common between Li–1 > 0, Li < 0, E < 0 and L < 0;
A'i represents the area of region common between L'i–1 < 0, L'i > 0, E < 0 and L < 0;
Bi represents the area of region common between Li–1 > 0, Li < 0, E < 0 and L > 0;
B'i represents the area of region common between L'i–1< 0, L'i > 0, E < 0 and L > 0, then value of
(A1 + A'2 + A3 + A'4 + …..) + (B1 + B'2 + B3 + B'4 + …..) is equal to.
(A) 10  (B) 20  (C) 30  (D) 40 

63
Definite Integration

PART – II SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

/2
1. 0
sin2x · arc tan(sinx) dx

  
x2 xdx dx
2. If P =  1 x
0
4
dx; Q   1 x
0
4
and R   1 x
0
4
then prove that


(a) Q =  /4, (b) P = R, (c) P  2 Q  R 
2 2

3. Evaluate :
π

 cos x  cos 2x  cos 3x2  sin x  sin 2x  sin 3x2 dx

0

4. Evaluate :
/4
x dx
0
cos x(cos x  sin x )

5. Evaluate :
1
sin 1 x
x
0
2
 x 1
dx

/2
sin 6 x dx
6. Evaluate 
0
sinx  cosx

 
 a x  nx  a x  dx
7.
0

Show that f   .
x a x
dx = na . f   .
0
x a x 
8. Let sequence {an} be defined as
1
2
π
a1 =
4
, an =  cos π x   a
0
n 1  cos π x dx , (n = 2, 3, 4, .......)

then evaluate lim an

n

 x  ye  f y  dy .
1
x x
9. Find f(x) if it satisfies the relation f(x) = e +
0


ax  bsec x tan x dx(a,b  0)
10. Evaluate : 0
4  tan2 x

16

 tan
1
11. Evaluate : x  1dx
1

64
Definite Integration

1/ 3
x4  2x 
12. Evaluate :  1 x
cos1  dx .
 1 x 2 
4
1/ 3

1
1
13. Evaluate  5  2x  2x 1 e
0
2 2 4x 
 dx
14. Prove that :
1
(a)  m, n  x m .1  x  dx 
m! n!

n
m, n  N
0
m  n  1!
1
(b)  m, n  x m .ln x  dx   1
n!

n n
m, n  N
0
(m  1)n1

2
nt
15. Let I =  1 t
1/ 2
n
dt , find the sign of the integral for different values of n  N  {0}.

a 2 b 2
2
[Link]
16.  x 2

 a2 b2  x 2 
3 a 2b 2
2

p
1 π 2π 3π π 2r  1
17. Prove that Lim cos2p
n n  2n
 cos2p
2n
 cos2p
2n
 ..... cos2p  
2 
r 1
2r

where denotes the continued product and p N.

a
Let f(x) be a continuous function x R, except at x = 0 such that  f x  dx , a R
+
18. exists. If g(x) =
0

f t 
a a a

 dt , prove that gx  dx  f x  dx

 
t
0 0 0

 
 x 2 sin 2x. sin . cos x 
2 dx
19. 
0
2x  

n

loge n2  r 2  2loge n π
20. Given that lim
n
r 1
 n
 loge 2   2 , then
2
1 2 2 m 2 2 m 2 m 1/n
evaluate : lim [(n + 1 ) (n + 2 ) ....... (2n ) ] .
n n 2m

21. Suppose f : R  R+ be a differentiable function and satisfies 3 f (x + y) = f (x) · f (y)

3
  1 
for all x, y  R with f (1) = 6. If U = Lim f 1    f (1)  and V =
n   n 
 f ( x) dx then find
0
(a) the range of f (x); (b) the value of U; (c) the value of the product UV

65
Definite Integration

π /4

 tan x
2n
22. For a natural number n, let an = dx
0
Now answer the following questions :
(1) Express an+1 in terms of an
(2) Find lim an
n
n
(3) Find lim
n 
  1
k 1
k 1
ak  ak 1 
1
23. Comment upon the nature of roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 2x = k +  | t  k | dt depending on the
0
value of k  R.

x
 π
 sec t dt (m1)x x   0,  m N
m
24. Prove that m sin x +
0
 2

25. f(x) is differentiable function: g(x) is double differentiable function such that |f(x)| 1 and g(x) = f ’(x). If
f (0) + g (0) = 9 then show that there exists some C (–3, 3) such that g(c) g" (c) < 0
2 2

26. A curve y = f(x) passes through the point P(1, 1), the normal to the curve at P is a(y – 1) + (x – 1) = 0. If
the slope of the tangent at any point on the curve is proportional to the ordinate of that point, determine
the equation of the curve. Also obtain the area bounded by the y-axis, the curve and the normal to the
curve at P.

4 2 2 2
27. Find the area bounded by y = [– 0. 01 x – 0.02 x ], (where [ . ] G.I.F.) and curve 3x + 4y = 12, which
lies below y = – 1.

 1
dx dx
28. (a) Show that x 0
2
 2x cos   1
2 x
0
2
 2x cos   1
 1
tan x
(b) Evaluate: f ()  x
0
2
 2x cos   1
dx,   (0, )

n1  k 1 
 
1
29. Evaluate: Lim k ( x  k )(k  1  x )dx
k 0  
n n 2
 k 

x
f ' (x)
30. (a) Let g(x) = xc . e2x & let f(x) = 
0
e2t. (3 t2 + 1)1/2 dt. For a certain value of 'c', the limit of
g' ( x )
as

x  is finite and non zero. Determine the value of 'c' and the limit.
x
t 2 dt

0
at
(b) Find the constants 'a' (a > 0) and 'b' such that, Lim =1
x 0 bx  sin x

66
Definite Integration

31. Consider the curve C: y = sin 2x  3 sin x, C cuts the x axis at (a, 0), x (, ).
A1 : The area bounded by the curve C and the positive x axis between the origin and the
line x = a.
A2 : The area bounded by the curve C and the negative x axis between the line x = a and
the origin.
Prove that A1 + A2 + 8 A1 A2 = 4.

32. Area bounded by the line y = x, curve y = f(x), (f(x) > x x > 1) and the lines x = 1, x = t is


 


 t  1 t 2  1 2  t > 1. Find f(x) for x > 1.


 
ln 1  2 sin 2 x
33. Prove that 
0
sin x
dx  2(sin 1  )2 if 0    1

xu  x
 f ( t )dt du  f (u)( x  u)du
34. Prove that 

00
 
 0

35. Consider the two curves y = 1/x² and y = 1/[4 (x 1)].

(i) At what value of ‘a’ (a > 2) is the reciprocal of the area of the figure bounded by the curves, the lines
x = 2 and x = a equal to ‘a’ itself ?
(ii) At what value of ‘b’ (1 < b < 2) the area of the figure bounded by these curves, the lines x = b and
x = 2 equal to 1 1/b.

67
Definite Integration

Answers
Exercise-5
PART – I

1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (D) 5. (B)

6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (C) 9. (B) 10. (A)
11. (D) 12. (A) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C)
16. (D) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (B)
21. (D) 22. (AC) 23. (B)

PART – II
 π
1. 1 3. 2 3 4. /8 ln 2
2 3

5.
x2
6 3
6.
1
4 2

ln 2  1   1
4
8.
π
4π  1
 3e x
(a  2b) 16
9. – 3x 10. 11. 2 3
2e  1 3 3 3

12.
π
4

n 2  3 
π2
4

π
3
 13.
1 1
2 11
n
11  1
11  1
15. for n = 1, I > 0, n = 2, I = 0, n  3, I < 0 16.  / 12
m
 2 eπ 
19. 8/ 20.  
 e2 
 
1 π
21. (a) (0, ); (b) 6 ln 2; (c) 126 22. (1)  an (2) 0 (3)
2n  1 4
23. real & distinct " k belongs to R

 e a 1  2 2 2
, 1  2 3sin 1
a(x – 1)
26. y=e  27. 
 a 2a  3
 3

28. (b) 29.  /16
4 sin 
3 x
30. (a) c = 1 and Lim will be (b) a = 4 and b = 1 32. 1+x+ .
x  2 1 x 2

(ii) b = 1 + e2
2
35. (i) a = 1 + e

68
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