IoT based Digi safe home

“Smart Home Automation systems empower

users to manage appliances efficiently,
Tanay. A. Vora enhancing comfort and energy savings. These
Aditi. R. Mandhare
systems are gaining popularity in both homes
Diploma Student Computer Technology Diplomaspaces.
and commercial StudentBeyond
Computer Technology
controlling
Department, STE’S SVCP Pune, India ventilation,
Department, STE’S SVCP Pune, India and
heating, air conditioning,
lighting, they contribute to cost reduction and
tanayvora3@[Link] mandhareaditi07@[Link]
environmental sustainability. While wired
systems have been common, modern Wi-Fi-
Swarnim. S. Shamgaonkar based solutions offer flexibility, scalability, and
Nidhi. S. Gaikwad
Diploma Student Computer Technology remote access. Whether adjusting your
thermostat orDiploma Student
managing Computer
lights, Technology
wireless
Department, STE’S SVCP Pune, India technology Department,
drives the smart home revolution.
STE’S SVCP Pune, India
swarnimsham@[Link] As our lives become busier, the convenience of
smart homes becomes nidhigaikwad369
increasingly@[Link]
valuable.
Additionally, the integration of cloud services
ensures seamless updates and future-proofing
Priyanka.V. Javkar
forguide
Lecturer and project these systems. “In summary, the shift
toward Wi-Fi-enabled smart home automation
Computer Technology
brings convenience and adaptability to modern
Department, STE’S SVCP Pune, India
[Link]@[Link]

Abstract In the ever-evolving landscape of living spaces, addressing the needs of busy
home automation, technology seamlessly lifestyles and environmental concerns.
integrates with our daily lives. As the
Automation industry advances, our quality of The advantages of Smart Home
life improves, and automated systems gain Automation usually fall into the categories,
prominence over their non-automated including energy savings, home safety, user
counterparts. The proliferation of internet convenience, and better control.
usage has further accelerated this The following main attributes of Smart
transformation, with the Internet of Things Home Automationare as follows:
(IoT) emerging as a pivotal force. Our
1. Easy Control: Imagine you’re cozy on the
prototype system leverages Wi-Fi technology
couch, and suddenly you realize you left the
for smart home automation, focusing on the lights on upstairs. With Wi-Fi home
NodeMCU, an open-source development automation, you can grab your phone, open an
board based on the ESP8266 chip. Unlike its app, and turn off those lights without moving an
predecessor, the NodeMCU is user-friendly, inch. Plus, you can schedule routines—lights
cost-effective, and widely adopted by makers dim at bedtime, coffee maker starts brewing in
and developers. Key components include relay the morning—making life smoother and more
modules for appliance control, a hardware predictable.
interface integrating sensors and appliances,
and a user-friendly software interface 2. Safety Increased: Smart cameras and motion
sensors act as vigilant guardians. When you’re
accessible via smartphones, tablets, and
away, they keep watch over your home. If
laptops. The system offers user-friendly
someone approaches the front door, you’ll get
control, energy management, and an instant alert on your phone. You can lock and
expandability for various home appliances unlock your house remotely through your
and security enhancements—all within the mobile phones.
confines of a Wi-Fi network.
3. Save Energy: Wi-Fi-enabled thermostats are
Keywords---- Smart Home Automation like energy-saving wizards. They learn your
(SHA), Internet of Things (IoT), ESP8266 preferences when you like it warm or cool and
Wi-Fi Technology, NodeMCU, Sensors adjust the temperature accordingly. Plus, smart
plugs and switches allow you to turn off devices
remotely. So, that forgotten iron or the TV left
INTRODUCTION on standby? You can fix it from anywhere.
4. Useful for all generations: Imagine your

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 grandparents comfortably managing their home wireless internet access, allowing IoT devices
without getting up. Wi-Fi automation makes it to communicate seamlessly.
possible. They can adjust the thermostat, turn The journey of home automation commenced
on lights, and even call for help whenever they in the early 2000s, characterized by
need. It’s not just about convenience; it’s about rudimentary remote controls for lights and
safety and independence. It will reduce the entertainment systems. However, it truly gained
efforts and help them to control everything by traction during the 2010s, fuelled by the
just one click. proliferation of smartphones and wireless
5. Home Value Bonus: When potential buyers technology. Giants like Amazon and Google
step into a smart home, they’re impressed. Wi- stepped in, introducing smart ecosystems that
Fi-controlled lights, smart appliances, and elevated home automation to new heights,
voice-activated assistants—these features add a rendering it both sophisticated and user-
modern friendly. As a result, we now have an extensive
array of IoT-based devices and applications,
enhancing convenience, energy efficiency, and
security for homeowners.

Fig. 1. Smart Automation Systems using Wi-

II. System Analysis
Fi.

The Smart Home Automation (SHA)

I. INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) system integrates seamlessly into your home
infrastructure, allowing you to control various
home appliances remotely. Powered by
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a captivating the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, it handles devices
concept that interconnects physical objects to rated up to 5A at 230V. Beyond mere control,
the internet, enabling seamless communication the SHA system incorporates sensors like PIR
and data sharing without human intervention. motion sensor, temperature, and MQ80 LPG
These “things” span a wide range, from smart gas sensors, buzzer alarm, DC motors. It even
home appliances to wearable devices, industrial features motion sensors for automatic curtains
machinery, and even vehicles. For instance, based on hand gestures. For safety and security,
smart thermostats autonomously adjust GPS and GSM modules detect fires, short
temperatures, security cameras notify us of circuits, and intrusions. The system’s user-
visitors, and wearable devices monitor our friendly interface lets you set schedules, receive
health metrics. The IoT ecosystem operates real-time alerts, and customize routines.
through an IoT platform, which manages Privacy is ensured, and the SHA system adapts
device connectivity, data collection, to your lifestyle, making your home more
communication, processing, and user efficient, secure, and intelligent.
interaction. Simultaneously, Wi-Fi, following
IEEE standards like 802.11, plays a vital role in
wirelessly connecting these devices. Wi-Fi
provides high-speed internet access within a
specific range, facilitating seamless
communication among IoT devices. By
adhering to these standards, Wi-Fi ensures
compatibility and efficient data transfer,
empowering our interconnected world. In this
context, Wi-Fi technology serves as a critical
enabler for IoT.
Wi-Fi, short for “wireless fidelity,” is based on
IEEE 802.11 standards. It provides high-speed

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 Fig: Block Diagram for Home Automation. various components present on the Arduino
boards are Microcontroller, Digital
Input/output pins, USB Interface and
1. Power Supply (230V AC): Connector, Analog Pins, Reset Button, Power
o The standard power outlet in your home button, LED's, Crystal Oscillator, and Voltage
provides 230 volts of alternating current (AC). Regulator. The Arduino Integrated
This is the primary source of electrical energy Development Environment (IDE) is an open-
for your devices. source software designed for programming and
2. DC Regulator: managing Arduino boards. It provides a user-
o The DC regulator plays a crucial role. It friendly interface for writing, compiling, and
converts the 230V AC power from the outlet uploading code to various Arduino devices.
into a regulated direct current (DC) voltage. Within the IDE, you can create, edit, and
o The typical output voltage from a DC regulator organize your code, access libraries and
is either 5 volts or 12 volts. This safe and stable examples, and seamlessly upload your
DC voltage powers various components within programs to the connected hardware.
the system.
3. WIFI-Enabled Microcontroller (Node MCU
ESP8266):
o The Node MCU ESP8266 is a compact, cost- B. Node MCU ESP8266
effective microcontroller with built-in Wi-Fi
connectivity.
o It serves as the brain of your home automation The NodeMCU ESP8266 is a versatile open-
system, allowing you to control devices source development environment that revolves
remotely via Wi-Fi. around the highly affordable ESP8266 System-
4. Relays (1, 2, 3, and 4): on-a-Chip (SoC). Originally, it featured
o Relays act as switches for high-current devices firmware designed for the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC
like lights and fans. by Espressif Systems, coupled with hardware
o When activated, a relay closes a circuit, based on the ESP-12 module. NodeMCU
allowing current to flow to the connected utilizes an open-source LUA-based firmware
device. When deactivated, it opens the circuit, specifically tailored for the ESP8266 Wi-Fi
interrupting the current. chip. This compact chip, housed in the ESP-
5. Socket: 12E module, features a Tensilica Xtensa 32-bit
o The socket is where you plug in your lights and LX106 RISC microprocessor. With 128 KB
fan. It’s directly connected to the relays. RAM and 4 MB of Flash memory, it’s well-
o By activating the appropriate relay, the equipped for various tasks. The built-in Wi-Fi
microcontroller can turn the lights and fan on or connectivity enables seamless communication,
off. while 16 GPIO pins allow sensor and
6. Blynk App: peripheral connections. The NodeMCU
o The Blynk app is a mobile application designed simplifies IoT prototyping, making it ideal for
for remote control of your home automation smart devices and internet connectivity.
system.
o It provides a variety of widgets (buttons,
sliders, graphs) that allow you to interact with fig: Node MCU ESP8266
different devices—lights, fans, thermostats, and
more.
7. Company Website:
o You can also control your home automation
system through the company website.
o By logging in in your account you can use the
services you wished for.

III. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

A. Arduino UNO IDE

Sensors
Arduino UNO is a standard, very popular and
widely used board. The Arduino Uno is [Link] Motion sensor: -
an open-source microcontroller board. The The Passive Infrared (PIR) motion sensor is an

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 electronic device that detects infrared (IR) light
radiating from warm objects within its field of
view. When a person moves within the sensor’s
range, the change in IR radiation triggers the
sensor, making it ideal for applications such as
security systems, automatic lighting, and smart
homes. The sensor’s dual-element design
ensures accuracy, and its adjustable delay time
allows customization. Overall, PIR sensors play
a crucial role in enhancing safety, energy
efficiency, and convenience in various settings.
3. LM35
We have used PIR motion sensor in the LM35 Sensor is a temperature measuring
automatic curtain movement system where the device having an analog output voltage
curtains will move depending on the hand proportional to the temperature. It provides
gestures, the sensor will sense the hand action output voltage in Centigrade (Celsius). LM35
and work accordingly. We can even control the consists of mainly 3 pins, they are VCC, GND,
curtain movements through the IoT based digi analog output. We have used this sensor in our
safe homewebsite , whenever you are outside or prototype for measuring the temperature .After
not that close to control the curtains through measuring it updates the temperature details in
hand actions or movements. the website.
C.
Relay Board:-
The 4-channel relay board serves as a versatile
electronic module, enabling you to control
multiple high-voltage devices using a
microcontroller or other control signals. This
compact board integrates four individual relays,
each capable of independently switching high-
current loads—such as lights, fans, or motors—
on or off. Widely used in home automation,
industrial control systems, and security
applications, this cost-effective solution
simplifies wiring and optimizes space
utilization. Whether you’re managing lights,
2. MQ8 hydrogen gas sensor: - pumps, or other appliances, the 4-channel relay
board enhances convenience and flexibility in
The MQ8 hydrogen gas sensor is a Metal your projects. We have connected our fans,
Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) type sensor lighting, sensors to the 4-channel relay board
designed to detect the presence of hydrogen gas which simplifies the connection and increases
in the air. It operates based on changes in the efficiency.
electrical resistance when exposed to hydrogen
gas. The sensor finds applications in gas leak D. Buzzer
detectors, industrial control systems, and safety A buzzer serves as an audio signaling device.
devices. With its compact size, dual signal It can be of various types: mechanical,
output, and quick response time, the MQ8 electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Primarily,
sensor enhances safety by promptly detecting buzzers or beepers are used to confirm user
hydrogen leaks and ensuring timely responses input. For instance, when integrated with a PIR
in critical situations. We have used this sensor motion sensor, the buzzer emits a sound when
in our IoT based digi safe home prototype motion is detected outside the home. This
model , where this sensor is helpful whenever audible feedback enhances security and alerts
there is LPG gas leakage it detects the gas and occupants to potential movement. In our digi
starts the buzzer on alarming the user ,also safe homes prototype model we have used the
sends a notification to users mobile phone buzzer in the LPG gas leak segment, so
through website. whenever there would be a gas leak the buzzer
will start to make “beep” sound alarming the
user about gas leak.

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E. DC motors
A DC motor, also known as a direct current V. IMPLEMENTATION SETUP
motor, is an electrical machine that
converts mechanical energy from the electrical "The implementation of the Home Automation
energy of direct current. It operates based System (HAS) is presented through hardware
on electromagnetic induction, where a components. The Smart Home Automation
conductor (usually a coil of wire) carrying (SHA) system setup comprises various
current is placed in a magnetic field, resulting hardware modules interconnected via the
in a force that causes rotation. This rotation is ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module. This setup serves dual
harnessed to perform various mechanical tasks. purposes: controlling home appliances and
We have used DC motor in our prototype for enhancing home safety and security by
working of fans, automatic balcony shed which detecting events like accidental fires or short
can we be opened and closed whenever we want circuits.
through the ON/OFF button present on the
user’s website. This shed can be also operated Here’s how the system is configured:
automatically when we connect it to rain sensor,
that is when it will sense the rain drops it will
automatically get open and cover the balcony. 1. Hardware Modules:
o Fan, Lights, and Motion Sensors are connected
to a relay board.
IV. SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION o The relay board is then linked to the NodeMCU
ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module.
"In our system, we utilize various software 2. Programming and Configuration:
tools for programming and managing Smart o Each hardware component is programmed
Home Automation. The integrated individually based on its intended functionality.
development environment (IDE), an open- o We use the Arduino IDE as our programming
source software, serves as a platform for writing software.
code and uploading it to both the Arduino and o The programming language employed is C.
the ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module. Specifically, we 3. Wiring Connections:
employ the NodeMCU ESP8266 for our o We utilize both male and female jumper wires
project. Our application, named “Digi Safe for making connections.
Home”, is built using the ESP8266 and our 4. Code Deployment:
website. It offers a convenient platform for o After completing the programming phase, we
controlling smart home devices. However, it’s load the code onto the NodeMCU.
important to note that this functionality requires
a Wi-Fi connection. The accompanying
flowchart outlines the Smart Home Automation
application. VI. GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE
For programming the NodeMCU, we use
the “C” programming language."
The primary function of our Home Automation
System (HAS) to monitor and manage a variety
of devices is achieved through a user-friendly
Smartphone website. Developed using HTML
and CSS for website design, with JavaScript
enhancing responsiveness, our application
features distinct tabs for supervising various
sensors and controlling devices such as lights,
fans, curtains, and automatic sheds.
Additionally, it sends timely notifications to the
user webpage in case of an LPG gas leak,
ensuring system security.

Our website is divided into four segments. The

Home segment provides an overview of our
company and the services we offer. The About
Us segment offers further insights into our
mission and values. The User Login page
allows users to access their accounts, where
Fig. Flowchart for home automation system they can control their devices, adjust light

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 intensity and color, manage fan speeds, and II. Syed Ali Imran Quadri, P. Sathish “IoT
receive alerts for gas leaks. We've also based home automation and surveillance
integrated a smart alarming system for added system”, 2017 International Conference on
safety. The Automatic Balcony Shed segment Intelligent Computing and Control
automatically responds to rain detection and Systems (ICICCS).
can also be controlled manually through the
website. Finally, our Contact Us page allows III. P. Siva Nagendra Reddy, K. Tharun
users to reach out to our company for support Kumar Reddy, P. Ajay Kumar Reddy, G.
or inquiries. N. Kodanda Ramaiah, S. Nanda Kishor
“An IoT based home automation using
Utilizing the VS Code application for android application,” 2016 International
development, JavaScript plays a crucial role in Conference on Signal Processing,
ensuring the website's responsiveness. It Communication, Power and Embedded
facilitates tasks such as text search within the System (SCOPES).
webpage and dynamically answering user
queries. IV. [Link]
topics/55485/recent-applications-of-iot-
devices-for-smart-home-automation-
VII. CONCLUSION AND SCOPE FOR systems- This article discusses the rise of
FUTURE WORK smart home automation through IoT
technology, highlighting the significance
of sensors, controllers, and security
This project focuses primarily on creating an systems, and inviting research
affordable Home Automation System (HAS) contributions on various IoT applications
technology. The system's control flexibility is and challenges in smart home automation.
enhanced by its smartphone-based interface,
allowing for remote operation via the Internet V. [Link]
from anywhere in the world. Various sensors, [Link]?paperid=60812- This paper
including those for temperature, humidity, presents the Home Automation Device
water level, gas leaks, and flame detection, are Protocol (HADP), a standardized
incorporated, enhancing both security and approach for enhancing interoperability
monitoring capabilities. The system's among home automation devices using an
specifications and ease of implementation IFTTT-like model. HADP focuses on
facilitate large-scale production and its minimizing power consumption and
adoption in industrial settings. The use of bandwidth requirements while supporting
Android as the embedded application software various communication mediums,
leverages its widespread availability and open- including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.2, ZigBee
source nature, reducing costs significantly. IP, 6LoWPAN, IEEE 802.15.4, and
With an overall cost of under USD 100, this Ethernet with IPv6 support.
technology holds promise for addressing
societal needs in areas such as elderly care VI. [Link]
facilities and orphanages. Future plans include iot-devices-communicate- This article
developing an iOS application and a web portal. discusses about how iot devices
Furthermore, by determining the power factor communicate with the server and produce
of the load and monitoring energy consumption output, various communication layers,
(measured in kWh), the system can provide methods to communicate and many more
beneficiaries with valuable tariff information. things.

VIII. References: -
VII. S Soumya, Malini Chavali, Shuchi Gupta,
Papers :- Niharika Rao, “Internet of things-based
home automation system”, 2016 IEEE
I. S Soumya, Malini Chavali, Shuchi Gupta, International Conference on Recent
Niharika Rao, “Internet of things based home Trends in Electronics, Information &
automation system”, 2016 IEEE International Communication Technology (RTEICT).
Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics,
Information & Communication Technology VIII. Syed Ali Imran Quadri, P. Sathish “IoT
(RTEICT). based home automation and surveillance
system”, 2017 International Conference

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 on Intelligent Computing and Control technology it is today. However, he believes we
Systems (ICICCS). are still in its early stages and there is much more
to come. Whether in your home or in your
IX. P. Siva Nagendra Reddy, K. Tharun Kumar banking, IoT is everywhere and it presents its
Reddy, P. Ajay Kumar Reddy, G. N. Kodanda own challenges and risks in a completely
Ramaiah, S. Nanda Kishor “An IoT based connected world. Greengard discusses privacy
home automation using android application,” and security concerns as well as how the
2016 International Conference on Signal technology may evolve within the next decade.
Processing, Communication, Power and
Embedded System (SCOPES).
X. [Link]
topics/55485/recent-applications-of-iot-
devices-for-smart-home-automation-systems-
This article discusses the rise of smart home
automation through IoT technology,
highlighting the significance of sensors,
controllers, and security systems, and inviting
research contributions on various IoT
applications and challenges in smart home
automation.
XI. [Link]
[Link]?paperid=60812- This paper presents
the Home Automation Device Protocol
(HADP), a standardized approach for
enhancing interoperability among home
automation devices using an IFTTT-like
model. HADP focuses on minimizing power
consumption and bandwidth requirements
while supporting various communication
mediums, including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.2,
ZigBee IP, 6LoWPAN, IEEE 802.15.4, and
Ethernet with IPv6 support.

XII. [Link]
iot-devices-communicate- This article
discuss about how iot devices
communicate with the server and produce
output, various communication layers
,methods to communicate and many more
things.

Books:-

1. “The Internet of Things” by Samuel Greengard

Author: Samuel
Greengard Website: Amazon “The Internet of
Things” covers how IoT works in our current
world, as well as the impact it will have in the
long run on society. Author Samuel Greengard
details the start of the IoT era and how it has
evolved into the smart and life-changing