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Cyber Security: Key Concepts & Examples

The document covers key concepts in cyber security, specifically focusing on cryptography and network security. It defines various terms such as cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems, providing examples for each. Additionally, it discusses techniques like hashing, message authentication, and protection against DDoS attacks.

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7 views2 pages

Cyber Security: Key Concepts & Examples

The document covers key concepts in cyber security, specifically focusing on cryptography and network security. It defines various terms such as cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems, providing examples for each. Additionally, it discusses techniques like hashing, message authentication, and protection against DDoS attacks.

Uploaded by

abhiyadav2448
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Cyber Security - Definitions and Examples (Module 2 & 3)

Module 2: Cryptography and Cryptanalysis

1. Cryptography:
- Definition: The practice of securing communication using mathematical techniques.
- Example: Encrypting a message using AES before sending it over the internet.

2. Symmetric Key Cryptography:


- Definition: Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption.
- Example: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) - Used in secure messaging apps.

3. Asymmetric Key Cryptography:


- Definition: Uses a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption.
- Example: RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) - Used in SSL/TLS certificates.

4. Message Authentication:
- Definition: Ensures a message remains unaltered during transmission.
- Example: HMAC (Hashed Message Authentication Code) - Used in banking transactions.

5. Digital Signatures:
- Definition: Verifies authenticity and integrity of digital documents.
- Example: DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) - Used in software authentication.

6. Firewalls:
- Definition: Security barriers that monitor and control incoming/outgoing network traffic.
- Example: Windows Firewall blocks unauthorized network access.

7. Hashing:
- Definition: Converts data into a fixed-length hash value for verification.
- Example: SHA-256 - Used in Bitcoin transactions.

8. Steganography:
- Definition: Hiding secret messages inside digital media (images, videos, text).
- Example: Embedding text messages inside an image file.
Module 3: Infrastructure and Network Security

1. Network Security:
- Definition: Protects networks from cyber threats and unauthorized access.
- Example: Using VPNs to encrypt data over public Wi-Fi.

2. Packet Sniffing:
- Definition: Capturing and analyzing network traffic.
- Example: Wireshark tool analyzes network packets for security threats.

3. DDoS Attacks:
- Definition: Overloading a server with excessive requests to crash it.
- Example: A botnet attack on a website causing downtime.

4. Intrusion Detection System (IDS):


- Definition: Detects suspicious network activity.
- Example: Snort IDS monitors and alerts administrators about network threats.

5. Intrusion Prevention System (IPS):


- Definition: Actively blocks cyber threats in real time.
- Example: Suricata IPS automatically blocks malicious traffic.

6. Security Information Management (SIM):


- Definition: Collects and analyzes security logs.
- Example: Splunk tool processes security event logs.

7. Firewalls:
- Definition: Filters and blocks malicious network traffic.
- Example: iptables in Linux restricts unauthorized access.

8. Brute-Force Protection:
- Definition: Prevents repeated login attempts by blocking attackers.
- Example: Fail2ban automatically blocks IPs with failed login attempts.

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