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IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FROM THORAX
Chapter -1
INTRODUCTION
Short essay / Short answer
1. Sternal angle- location. events occurring, clinical importance
2. Boundaries of inlet of thorax
3. Name the nerves passing through the inlet of thorax
Chapter -2
BONES AND JOINTS OF THORAX
Short essay / Short answer
1. Typical thoracic vertebra
2. Floating ribs
3. First rib (peculiarities, structures related)
4. Cervical rib
5. Name four muscles attached to sternum
6. Identify features of typical thoracic vertebra.
7. Name joints of typical rib
Chapter -3
WALLS OF THORAX
Long essay
1. Describe course, branches and distribution of typical intercostals nerve.
Short essay / Short answer
1. First intercostal space
2. Typical intercostal space- boundaries and contents
3. Typical intercostal nerve- course, relation and branches
4. Internal mammary artery(internal thoracic artery)
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5. Azygos system of veins (vena Azygos) - definition, labeled diagram and
applied anatomy.
6. Mention order and name of structures in costal groove
7. Contents of a typical intercostals space
8. Anterior intercostals membrane.
9. External intercostals muscle.
[Link] intercostals artery.
[Link] of the internal thoracic artery
[Link] the terminal branches of internal mammary artery
Chapter -4
THORACIC CAVITY AND PLEURAE
Short essay / Short answer
1. Pleura (visceral & parietal)
2. Suprapleural membrane / Sibson’s fascia
3. Pleural recesses- location, events occurring, clinical importance.
4. Costodiaphragmatic recess.
5. Pulmonary ligament and its function.
Chapter -5
LUNGS
Short essay / Short answer
1. Right lung
2. Mediastinal surface of right / left lung with the aid of diagram.
3. Hilum / Root of right lung- relations and structures forming if.
4. List the differences between right and left lung
5. Blood supply of lungs
6. Mention the lymphatic drainage of lungs.
7. Bronchial arteries.
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Chapter -6
MEDIASTINUM
Long essays
1. Define mediastinum. Describe the superior mediastinum under the following
headings:
a) Boundaries b) contents c) applied aspects.
2. Define mediastinum. Mention the contents of posterior mediastinum.
Describe the thoracic part of esophagus. Add a note on its applied anatomy
Short essay / Short answer
1. Anterior mediastinum- bounders and contents.
2. Middle mediastinum- contents.
Chapter -7
PERICARDIUM AND HEART
Long essays
1. Describe right atrium under following headings
a) Borders and surfaces b) relations c) external and internal features including
openings d) blood supply and nerve supply e) developments including that of
interatrial septum f) Anomalies.
2. Describe the external and internal features of the left atrium.
3. Describe blood supply (arterial & venous) of heart. Give its applied anatomy
Short essay / Short answer
1. Pericardium – layers (Fibrous, Serous)
2. Sternocostal surface of heart.
3. Interior of right atrium
4. Interventricular septum
5. Left ventricle
6. List the differences in the interior of the right and left atrium
7. Tricuspid valvular complex.
8. Nerve supply of heart (cardiac plexus)
9. Triangle of Koch
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[Link] in coronary sulcus of hearts.
[Link] of heart forming base of heart
[Link] terminalis.
[Link] of right atrium
[Link] ovalis
[Link] muscles
[Link] band
17. SA Node
[Link] are SA and AV Note located? Give their blood supply
19. Mention of origins of coronary artery.
20. Areas supplied by right coronary artery.
21. Branches of left coronary artery and parts of heart supplied
22. Coronary sinus- termination, tributaries and developments
23. Nerve supply of heart (cardiac plexuses)
24. Deep cardiac plexus.
Chapter -8
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA AORTA AND PULMONARY TRUNK
Long essays
1. Describe arch of aorta under following headings a) situation b) origin course
and terminations (extent) c) relation and branches (including rare branches) d)
developments and anomalies.
Short essays / Short answer
1. Arch of aorta- branches and relations
2. Draw and label a cross section of thorax at level of T4
3. Superior vena cava– formation, coarse & tributaries
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Chapter -9
TRACHEA, ESOPHAGUS AND THORACIC DUCT
Long essays
1. Describe thoracic part of esophagus under following headings a) extent b)
course and relations c) blood supply and nerve supply d) constrictions e) applies
anatomy e) microscopic structure
2. Describe formation course relations terminations, tributaries and areas of
drainage of thoracic duct
Short essay / Short answer
1. Trachea – extent labeled diagram, applied anatomy
2. Thoracic duct – extent length formation course relations area of drainage
and termination
3. Sites of normal constrictions in esophagus and structures compressing it.