FA

LENGINEERING ACADEHY
Jonand Become Future Engineer

ENGINEERING ACADEMY

JUNIOR ENGINEER

CONTROL SYSTEM

ENGLISH

Hand Written Notes

Classes Taken By RK, Raman -

ENGINEERING Clas Centte-Prtuwala| Kaanpur, 40 Shima bypas road near Government polytechnic Pihuwala Dehre
ehradun
Mob 08449597123,09411340612 Web. [Link]
ACADEMY [Link]

[Link]

No

Unit sip

n 1,9,3-.
n-1
5 e at S4a
[Link]

6 t ea7
(940

n-1
n , ?,3....
(S+a)
Sin wt

CeA t S

dSin 0t
S+a w
11 C t S+g
w
(S4a)
13
b-a CS+0)CSt

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[Link]@[Link]

Bloek diaram and anstur tunthion

Corsol Syjaem Can be deuided into two

pass
0) open Lrop tontsol
Sd
() Closed Arop
contsol Syaen. [Link]

opun Loop Control

System- ha 0pen Leop ConMs
ysdem alto Enoon a& nonud basK control syren
0r Contol Syatem oithsut udback
Jn thu syatem dultput is dbtained trem given Tnpus
Ohieh 1s 8ndependent o duied dupu.
eComp onerd ot he open lop syttens. are Cordsolle
and tontro l1ed þroL.
example-) duomaic oouhirg Macklne
a) Immers ion Rod

3) eld tontrol de. metos.

Advantoqu of open Lop Saten

- aING
Thu sygtem is 9o imble (.DUN
)Lus Maintenanw it equred
t de Aguined proper Calibrotion

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road necar Government poytechnic Pithuwala
uwala Dehradun
Class Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur; HO. Shimla bypass
|ENGINEERING Mob:08449597125,09411546I2 Wed. [Link]
[Link]
ACADEMY

=isodvata
hase Sytem are inaetuae
(2 Not reiable
aING
3) Very sio [Link]

Cosed Ledp Systum- 9+ is ako called eed baek

Contsol [Link] Contsol achen depemdent
he desird duput 9n +hu Spxdem output
Compared wi4h te retaane 9nput
[Link]
example -Air Condtioners
Raturance Centrolltd
nputiar Centrllar
ouwpu
gnput
Hudiaur

ddvant04 e- ING
[Link]
haA Systems are mort ateurat
)OPhmi 2ahen 1s possible
) TSystem 1s mueh fatier
4) Number ot briabu Can be Handdd mu4anepw
Dis advuntage- thae Syuhem are Compucaied
Thi Systam 1s muh expenivee.

ENGINEERING
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ACADEMY Mob 08449597123,09411340612 Web: [Link]
[Link]
E-mail engineeringacademyodnia,[Link]

Comparison Betwun 8pen Loop and cloie Loop

SN. Opn Loop Stum Closud Lsop Saam

Thae are not reiabie Thex are reliahle
94 1s easiar +o build difticud to buld
hue J0p 31tem are hea are Steble
mos &table.

4 Obtl miasion i not optimizaien u posi ble

Possible

[Link]

Iransten funcion t is
+he Raho o Loslac
transtom of oudpu to +the Loplau transtom o
9npu with all Sni4a Condiens are zeo.

Rt
GE
Gs) Ccu AING
R) [Link]

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ENGINEERING Class Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur, HO. Shimla bypass rond ahun
Mob:08449597123,0941 1340612 web. [Link]
ACADEMY ail:
engineeringachdemyddn@[Link]

Pol and Xaras of a Trantur tunhon

0
"'anser funcHion Csh be eApreAd
Zesos
G Cco = CS4S47,CSA 2)
R S(S+P Cs4f) (S+P2)(S+ fa)
Pols
8+210
UNG

[Link]

S 2
S+2O
S- 23
Ho
So hue are thres in equahon eres
S-- S=- Y, and S -73

Pols o
S+P O

S -
f
L 84
S+fa O
[Link]

S+Pu o

So Hee are 5 Þols in equao

S-0, S-P, 8P,, S- Ps, S -fu

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ENGIN Mob 08449597123.0941134061Z Web: [Link]
ACADEMY [Link]

rocadur to find rans-fer tunthon

rtte he ditfurendial equalki on tor 8ivn em
Tae &splass toanttorm ot the eg uah
th
aAsuming all 1niiol conduhion are erd.
ak te raso ef ta nitormed ouput to Tmpu

onple- nd the tounsr tuntion 6t aen NetueR

apy vL Vi= Ri+ Lai

dt
[Link]

taxing plal
Vit) RI(S) +sLiC)
Vots sLTt - (u

Noo rontdes funuion

Vo(s SLI)

Inpu Vi) RT(+S LItS

Vot=SL
Vi R+ SL
0DUNB3)

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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ACADEMY E [Link]@[Link]

exomble-2 find oons-ter fundi on

ING

-
R
. m
L .DUN

PF VL ) Ei Ri +Ld +idt-
fias ERING
[Link]
toking Aoplas trans-form

Cu
Novo Eol
Eit Ces )[sle+ $RC+H

Eol
SLe +SRc +1

CAING

[Link] g

ENGINEERING
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ACADEMY |

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rnad near
Covernnent polytchnic Prtzwala [ehrahn
ACADEMY Mob 08449397123,04IT34612 Web: [Link] [Link] in
mail, [Link]

Maehanica)
Sytem [Link]

Tans LaHona Syatem -

he nohon +6 piORss

AOn a Sivaat ine ts enoon a3 4oanslaiona

moHon. threL are 4hru p o ort ha ai

motion

w 9nurHa fonte have o mas M arod

9*abod
&uLond
aceesaHon 'a' 4hon acrsrding to Nus ton'
Fm(t) Mal4)

tm(4) M dvl2
dt
aING

fmt) D.DUN1
dt2

Dampina orce g+ is assumed hd dampin

forte 1s proporti ona is to th
vlou
Folt) Bv) = 8 t

- Oomping toe ficdent

3prin 3tortt h potenial

6SpI-tor- A

hngythe Restort fosce o} th spr 1 proport

-ona to dis plasimed

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ENGINEERING Meb08449597125,0941
1

340612 web. [Link]

ACADEMY -mail engneeringacadiemyadn [Link]

xtt)

Frt4) K (vt) dt
[Link]
Soing Constant or jme .

dnalojsuu &uantitias ae tabuladcd asoll os

SN TranslaHon Rotaional
orce 'f' 6rqu T
AsalemHon. a gngular Acmltraioin,a
VelecihyV angulat vl ocik
DIsplacumet, angulor displs«amud
mass, M momond ot inuma,T
6. Dampir toaHii»" C| Retaional Dampig cat B

SHfnes Tors1onal tit#nes

ALEmBeRT'S PRINCrPLE According to hu

primapl for any body th algebraic 6um
EteralY apied ort and th orcu reuiitlng
motion in ony giver direeion is urt
ms prinúple is usefus in
ori Hen 4 equahien
moton ej mckanis aten
oDUN
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ACADEMY_ E-mail:[Link]

Ha ederna tote 4tt -

and Retisting torte- nteda toru Fd)= -Md

d
Dampi Hort fplt): - 8d, ()
Speing forte f«tt)= -Frt)
Noo aceording to Jous

Ft)- md 4)- Bdrt)- Ert)= 0

t)= Md rtt) + B.d xt4) +krR)

dt

EKamble Drao +he tr body igrom and fird 4h

ditrtol equaion 8yd

9natia force
de
( Dam Jorte fo B Bi
) 6

(3) Spit forta

*1

1
aING
Je.trK1) [Link]
F4) m,d2 x, + Bie (*) tH(r-3,
or m
()t+, d-) Pdti +B dz +F,2

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Meh 44997119p114/M,1Ž Wet www gihering Meny co in
ACADEMY

Lyample rite 4 dierendial equai . ard tird

[Link]
fu)

for m

equahon for Mi

f4)M 7+hxrY,)
d42

[Link]
d

FX3(1)4 m,$ Xa(¢)

X =
matt k) CE+sn)-Et
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MobO8449597123,004T 1340612
ACADEMY Web: [Link]
-[Link]

éxampe- Dive 4h Sysle &uaHon or given iun

Sowke4s body yurt.

FLE
Oifuenia equaion f: mdx +d Fx
Puaing te velut

f lodx +60 d+ 20 ([Link]

amble Drive tha Sdem equaion dnd ard

for M
-B4(rx RING

f [Link]

orM
Bnr)-
f
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tuna lehra
Shsmls hypass FUd
Pihuwln Kntanpur, FO. EENY.n 0
1

Jnss (entte }14K12 We w**50pn

ENGINEERING Mob
URA4919/123,1941
[Link]
ACADEMY A1|,

for M

f4) m d 4 4¢,
ddt 4 d(r ) 4 FM
t
or NG
D.o
dA

to) X (s) sm, 4 s&,, 4 sfe+Fij- Bi2$%a(

Bia 8X,) = (SmatB,, + stG +E1) Xal)

X1) = Xil[Sm,t BaS4 Sf+F]fm,*s a4sttt++]

SB1
X
ft)

[Link]

ANALOG oUS SySTEM

ww-
In Serite RLc dscuit
E Ri +Ld +fidt
+
E R d+ d L

In laraller RLt, Citui

ttt +

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ACADEMY Mob 08449197124,0411 t4M.12 Web www Iwrahn
*ngieeringe ney ti
mail eoginerriigacocdenydolnig/ait 4t

dt
[Link])

NO om above equalion Ha arologouy q.a

re tabuladed o1 Under

SN. Mchanical TranulaHona

System
Eleico Stun

focecF) Voltage E
Masm) 9nduedonte )
Stinst) Rariprotal of Copacikan
Dampirg utH ) Rasistant tf)
Displacame() Chagec

([Link])
S. mukanicol Vanslohonal Elehrical Sqtm
N. Sstem
torce ( CuvmetI)
mas (m) Copacuanu c
Damping Coej: (0) Conductant (G)
SHffnes (k) 9nd uckanu. (L)
Displacamuw (x) intoqe. )
tlu
Velocwy (x) voHoge(E)
 bypass road ner overte poyechnic Pithuwai
ass Centre-Pithawala Karanpus, f1O. Shimla
ENGINEERING Moh
08449197123,09411340612 Web, [Link] [Link]
engInecfingacHdemyadnKC00t
ACADEMY mail

Methanito Rotad1onal )aehita Sstem

N. Sytem

brque. (T) voltoye€)

1)
gnoduelen. (L
momerd o IherHa
Dempirg Co RerirtanceCR
(3)
Racprotal ot Cpaeulartu
4) StHns
) ngulor duplaant Chorge0
C Angular Vloily Curet (i

Mochanital Rotationa lico Sys1em

S
N. Syetum

Tenquu
() T Current (
Monnent o 9nortiau) Copacien (c)
3) Dompirg Cetj ( Conductante (G)
Peuipretol e
4 Gtitns (t) nducencal
ngar blsylacamead

RNG
[Link]
..

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ACADEMY M 8A"*7iJ 11A11 54M,i4 W*t ww*
Mr euy t

Dra a anolozous
elreal laussr¥.
oain &im by utirg -V anol1
atanaaaaaianya

M GA
[Link]

[Link]

Ht Luop oill be jormad

r Z1 1*2
firdt ioP tonst t a voltoge Sour v4). 9nduwlant, tl
PARitarco P.(1)
Stcord lop Coneitt ot Idueenu LtML), Ruistane &(CS
Ond

rurd sop Consiat o 9nduhane tst) {) R,l83)

RING
VIO UNE

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ACADEMY

Dr auo theel»ico olgbus yi

Eamblt 4h

he ollousirg dirom.
*
m m0

vt

ECm ple Vrouo h analogou laciria ircu

aralogy
Sem in bel ou digeom si 4v

EAD

J00TUO-
vt
/1
-ML
Rz

DDUN

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ihuwae shieth bypaas rond
Moh 8449197123,09411A0612
near (kvernment polytec hnie Pidhuwals Dehradn
ACADEMY Weh [Link] nodemy co In
mail [Link]

ample Drass iw analogdus elecdica Circuut o

follosin dirom 0irgi onale
NG

J .0UN

SSE
tw 1
ING
[Link]

Mehanital Eapuiva unt, Nuhoork The equvalent

meckanical Nehoork is
ostul to determiae 4 toant
funhon e t syem

Eampl Draw te meekanica Nekuork o gu fa.

DUN

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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ACADEMY ce
Moh 084497123,P941 demyddn@ynatlCe
[Link]@Ena

deler mint ra tw
BLoCR O1GRAM
ler
Ahreunt thw syajem
undion o Sysiem, 0e Con

Blocr ingle Dine diaram

diyrom. SloCE digrem a

O On bl
THar 1Sthe tHoo ot SLlom variables

block is rtpresnded by a Sirgeune

9npu
c
Gt Outpu [Link]

Hure R)Iput
Ctu) dutpud
G) rantfer funthion
Noo We Can repreLer as
Ccy R). Gto

Noo the blok diqram o +he eguahon

AB C: A-B
A- Os aING
[Link]
o

Her the &ysem V0riobleu from ont block to anotnar

blecr is repruunkd by arroo, t Sum os dtferenet
of e Signal a repretnded by a 8umming Poit.

ENGINEERING| India's Best Institute for

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[Link]

Closad lsop CorHrol

Sjtkn
9n cosed loop Cortrol
SHe Ouput teol back irto an eror deeto
Compad uwth he ryenente input, judbatk. may
Naguive ov fotisive

Cty
4
[Link])
B)
HW

Here Bt)fud bacr

H= fudbaer tsarster tundion
G)tonoard pa tstesjer untion
Noo closad lo toaniter tunthon o oe
ddgram

C G
R 1+6t HD

tor Posisive fudbae RING

Rs) - Gto H

Bu = G) Hw
Ru -GwHu)

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[Link]
ACADEMY oD tNA49597123,0041 340612 Web
1

[Link]

block diaam Aeducion

hen c number able
Coh b
mal Joans{tr funtHon
eded, th
niquo.
obHauned by bleck 1edueion tackr
m teehrqul
blocx reducH
are e rulu o
are
Blox in Cssad hen +oo or more blocka
res ultant bloC 1
CooCade or Sorise the
the 1rdividual blotktransjer uncion
Podu
Cco
R Go C
Ce [Link]

Blocks in laralld KAhen blocks are Connected in

Yoralla raltnt blouc 1

4he Sum ot e irdiudal

bloc +ransfer tunHon

Gt
6otF
RING
([Link]
[Link]
RD G)+ Gh(Dt6it Cte

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ACADEMY gineeringacademvddn
[Link] [Link]
-ma [Link]

(3 louing a take ott boint ahaocd of a block

& Can Convert

abéve tiure in belbuo }4
Re) Ct
([Link]

4 Moving a
take OH pomt
atr t block

Rt
Ce

..
DUN

(5 moving Summing point bLyond a block

C
G 7Cio
GwF
6) Moving a summing poit ahuad sta biock

RtuGrwX
Ru
Gio
x) C-Xtw
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Electrical Hand written Notes in PDF format

Postal course list

1: Engineer academy dehradun (Raman sir)

2:nimbus academy Jaipur

3:Aim campus roorkee

4: Youth competition Theroy book

join Telegram and download free PDF

Allelectricalnotes
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engineen nyacaderny dkin K,

alNG
[Link]

Eliminating a foroard lo9p

vsing bleck oedueion teehnauL dein

pe By

--
toansjer funcion

H,

Hs
CC

[Link]

SoluHon
Rt) G G
+GH HG,H

EA H3

Ru) G,G C¢s)

aING
[Link]

Cu)
1t 6,t+G,4,+ 6,HaG+ G,6,H,tia

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[Link]

GCG

Rs

EXOmple find tha over all 4ransjer tunthon en

SuHer find Ca/8, Ca]Aa Cye, k1

B
[Link]

Solution

Ca E G2
NG
G»(R-a)
[Link]

C G2(R GH

G,G.H
-

GG HH
C G
P I-G,GH Ha

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ENGINEERING Class Centre-Pithuwala 08449597123,09411 40612 Weh
[Link]

ACADEMY Mob CgneeringacademyknGke

- GH
D.D

C2 G,GHa
1GGHyHa

raHo C(s/Re
évample demmine the

.DUN

Soluido

Rg3

L Cu

GH Cy
146HL

C = G+H
Ru J+6Ha DUN

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E-mail:engineeringacademyddn@[Link]

ING
Signal fouo Oiaronm [Link]

Ths methed dot net

Requwnd any
redueion teehriqu
S applcoble to +he inear Syejim
9T
unein a Se et simultoneow equation. ina
fous groh consist o rodes and hee hede
baahCk
Conded by a diseet ne called boanchu. eath

e an arsow Ohich repreunds he low o 8

Snpu Node or 8ourte Have ow^eina branches oniy

Ouput Node os Sins Node Ha intommin brardhis e
only
mix Node Have incomina ord dudgoing braneea

Sumnirg (x) is besore Node then oe tonaider

9
+o Sinle Node
Lodp 1 a poth that oni9unoted ad terminde on th
1 4sawntad
Same Nede and alorg usith no other node
more +han one.
ING
[Link]

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ACADEMY
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ENGINEERING ear
Gvermment polyteChne
as entre P'ithuwnla Karnnpr; 11). Shimia bypas engineeringacaoeiny
ACADEMY dn(dgrnail com.
foh08A459712,941 3AhI2
CngneringacademydeaK
a

rom ock diaq

bagedrn
(OnsHsuetion Gndph
Signal Jlo

(3 C
E

D.0UN
LL
Gu

R aNG
3 GI
[Link]!
-as

Vmab l, Summing peits and +ak t poins

are epnened by Node.

9t Summirg point ii plasd batort a ate ojj pe

in the dirwion of 8iyno fHouo. han Summirg
and +akt o} point represOtao by Snae Nede
94 3umoming pond ptad
1s
afler a 4akeoff poi in

+he dunection o }low then Summing poirtr and +alaof

peim repreokd &aparadey Conneaied by
a boanch
Navingransmitlanty Uny
DUN

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Emal:[Link]

Mason'SGain ormula

TOverall oonsmittartee or aroph transm)Hanc

beoetne Sou neR, rode, gnd Sink nocle is
ven
by nasonls aadn formulg

Asrordin as on'S osm ula aING

T ak
T:toanster tunthen
F oin of ttn oroad Pah
k He part oa no+ toudirg 4h Eh forward
path

RIA

R-

-
G
He are400 fosword path in Rguwe
1-9-9-y

) 1-y

doin 9 G,G rd 8Gy

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g
Ehwala VN*9W7123,09411140612
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Tre are hree eop in e)

NG
L2= - GGgGs [Link]

Lg-GuGr
Gan)+(sum
Had. 9ndiidual &p
1- [Sum ot al

a pes sible gain praduch of too "hon totu ]

Non toueki
Sum o al possible sein ed uet o} 4hr
Lpe AING
D.DUN3

LL9 - G2 GaGuGs
Ateording to maon's formula

GG4 Cul ,t)

-(G G19,Gs- GuGu)--40,hu)

G.G4 Gu- G, G,Gu

J-GGq + GiG, Gs +Guas- a0au as

AING
[Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute

LACADEMY for Junior Engineer

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 Clas Ce
ENGINEERING Css Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur, HO: Shimla bypass road near Govenment polytoechic Piduwais Dekradu
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ACADEMY
raiengineeringacadernyðdn4, [Link]

Example o givn sianal Hoo groph ind h

Ratio
/A RiNG
[Link]

Gs
Hu

1 / G
sG
Soluibn Co
gain G.6, G,Gu

[Link]

6ops - GiH

Lg -G,G2G H

GgHa
Thoo non- touchin Lop lGH.

la Ly G,6, isHaHy
Thr non. touehint

1-o
A 14 agH

[Link]

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ACADEMY
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M
ar ademyrbn
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Exomble-2.
ind ignol lo diageom oo t
blocr dioand 1) drd delermine 4e. Taio

[Link]
5D.DUN2

G
R
G

He 81 G,G,GG
G, Gube
8 aING

gGG 66 [Link]

9ndividual Sco
L-Cay
Ly GGosH
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
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ACADEMY
[Link]

o non -Jouehhng dsnhs qre not [Link]

[Link]}

CnG,CGig 4 G,G,GuG¢ t 64GtG«

Example Obtain he. trantr funthon ot given blotr

duagram by ma ords gain tormula

[Link]

alN 1
R
[Link]

-G1G9
GG.G46uCi4 G,GG,G,)
1+GG GG

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
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(jovernet
ENGINEERING e entre- Pithwala Karanpur, HO Shimla bypass In
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ERample as 4he sinol 1ou oph jom en

outud NOd&
heo, +ake Vh al

ww
Va

NG
[Link]

M= isAg = Ratu-i)
2= Rgi- Rgiz

Vg= Rui2

YR K3

R3 /R2

[Link]

NG
.DUN

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for

ACADEMY Junior Engineer

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ENGINEERING Ciass Centre-Pithuwala Karanput, HO: Shimla bypass oad near
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ACADEMY Mob 0849597123,09411340612 Web
[Link] co in
E-nail engineeringacademyddn@[Link]

ime 4s ponge gAnaljsis

esonne o Corloo) Smtem Ha hoo pust

(a)am sied Responce aING
[Link]
b) Sttad stade Reshonce

tan sient reupense. is 4he past o yeaponi Ohh ga

TO aro a ime intreanas and st eady Stoe seaponm
S past o the total nes ponte alr tdns1ed hs

died
[Link]

24 9nput 9ignal for transient Analyie

epfuncion
Ha Ohan Soitch isopn
- oolt o
Ohen Soitth 1s cdotud at
to
OLt Lo V4

OLtL
NoO ONt Stp 4urti
on

[Link]

OLt

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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ACADEMY Mob:08449597123,0941134012 Web: [Link] 00
E-nal Cnguneesingacadenyddn(@,[Link]

Lapl ace ans-fom Lat u) be delined in he

rva OL42 0 Laplo tror torm 1 0btadned b

LHpling t1) by e intagrale limit 0 do 0

is
L
S input Rto then
[Link]
R()

Ramp funtion Ramp tuncHon 8tartt

som
Jinearly usi4n 4im
oHn and inuee or dureat
Ler rlt be ha mp uncHon hen

t)
t70 [Link]

Her ia the slo pe o ne

Loplac hanstormo

ko
forOnit Ramp E1
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Lentre- Pthuwnla Karanpur; HO. Shimla bypass road nenr
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ACADEMY Mob 08449597123,0941134012 Web:
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[Link]
yoengmaCn

(3) anabolic 4uncti on

he. value ost) is bsso or

[Link]

Conslart

for paaboie tuntion

Ont parobelik
=
tundi on
rt) o

Loplacs 15ansform

[Link]

mpulse funtion

Here uoidh o Hott puls i»

T ard

hu &o th ana 1s-i

94 halue e duratHon and doubl
th amputudt at &acand

Pu and trea is adto i JNG

4
[Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
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ENGINEERING Centre Pyhrnia Karampu,

Hhmis www engbenngacetny co in
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[Link]

-
The pul jor ohieh duration 4erdk to r
infinit is C»/led
dd mpttude, 4ends to

Impultt tunhon 9t s alto enoon as delk ta uh

Unit+ impulse tuntHlon

64) O t #o 64) dt 1

gING
[Link]
SU) = ult)

ime Rupong a a it ordler &t Um.

Here Gto
ST+

Ha)1
G
Rt$ 1+G) H

Rcs ST+1 ING

[Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior

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mal [Link]

R(S ST+1 ING

R) [Link]

ST+1
Sinte 1nput is th On Ste tundHon

New C) =
S(S1+1
Cs)
14 ST

ct-
gnyersa oploc

C4 1- e
94 tT
0 602 or 619 7,

aING
[Link]

Hert error et): rl4)- (4)»

1-(1- ") e
Steady &toe eror imë"= oo

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
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ENGINEERING Mo
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Unut Pamnp
Order syuie) dHh
Ruponu, to -ht itt
uncion
I nput in 4he onid Ramp Ru) : [Link]

NoO tt) =
ST+1 " UAST)

after paryial 4idion

Cc
+ST

9sven pladt
fCt= f"-1+f'T
C4)= -T+ T e'T or t2d RING

[Link]
eroo iral e l4) ill be

e4)rlt)- t-[t-T+T€ j
ct) =

e14) T(1-E")
Slkody Stale error Um (-Te T)
t-00

Itead tate anor uoi

or Snal ler timt conatat
Sma Ond ad otha relponu wilweot
MaNG
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ACADENMY Mob 84AVS9129,094113406 12 W e. w*[Link] cO m

[Link] £[Link].

Respontu o th 4int osder Sysiem oitm d ]mpultu

tunch on.

HAe In dnit impulit tunion Ru)

Cc .R) ST+ H)-t
ST+1
AING
[Link]

C(WA
9nverse epla

uT

for Ond sanp irpu Ro) =

Ct): 4-T4TeT
C(A)= 1-e "/T
or Ru)= L

[Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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Mob D8449597123.09A1I 14/,12 Web www y
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Time sponte o Serond Order Eystem

C(S) Gt)
1+ G(DH tts
G) (On
Htu):1
S(St 8n)

ws(S+E) [Link]
R t+ n
S( S+

(D
RtA)

Uw Km LYpu
Rapona of Sacsnd order 6yatem witm

clt)=1-
N1-2
Cor igral of th Syt e [Link]

et)=r(t)- ct)
elt)= ut
o} ctt)
Sttady Stade valu
= aNG
es C(4)
im [Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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E-a engDerringacedemyoni4,KTraii.o

() Undardamped Case (oLGL 1) In obo eguahen

ha tme onstat is 1/g wn and reubontR hayig
damped ascillahon in overshoot and rds hoot
Sukh neLponce 1 knon o undercd ompd reipomie.

AA AA
Underdamptd
Undamped

b) Ondamped Cate
(=o)- 9n above
ft Udam)A
CAe is Shown.
Hut Ctt) - Sin(wht +%) .DUN3
Clt) 1- wt
Tha damped frequany alsayg Jus -han t Undanpao

stquenyon) bieaue o taetor

C) = 1 C+icly damped Cgs

AC4D
cs)
(St n)2
The Toio of acua damping to h
Criieal dambing knoon ad dampiry
AaHo
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ENGINEERING Class 'entie Puhuwala|
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1 ovndamped Cauo 9n ovrdampeol Can

greater tlan
Ualuoais
)uat
C(4)

4ime Constanl
[Link]
GE-)wn

wnt

Iansient Ruponse SpuusicaHion o Steondl onder Sutem

The pertormance ot a citso) syutem a eprtAa

interm of +h sansient rupon to a Urs &tep
gnpu }ollouwing ar t Aommon transjed
nubonce ChameterisHts.
[Link]

Duay Time (td) 8+ h Pme to jor nupon

+o reath 50. + tinad value in irtt 4ime.
8 Ris Time (t)- t th requrtd 4ime for raonst
to rise i07 toq0% oj i inad valut.
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
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[Link]@[Link]

3)
tak Time (t)-4 is 4 ime requintd for reap-
onse to math
4h tint peak o} th ime *dpon

C) m .DUN

t 57

0.5

nSre

[Link]

4) Moximum Overshodt
3+ 1 th normalial
diferena, bekoun t pak of e tme Tapone ard

Steady output
moimum pertent OVenShadt cltp-C) xlco
Coo)

) Sting Time (s)- tha Beti q9 ime s 4 ma

saew ard ado Ohin he
eqd for. he seupont to
Shteitled ange (a. to í«) o 4 tin valut.
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
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ACADEMY E-manenginecfinghcadennydkind [Link]

6) Stady Stade eror (ei) 9+ ha diHerenu baho uu

aus cuHur and deired sutpu a4 time4' 4end

to intinúy

[Link]

expres ion tor Riu hime lt)

tr T-d CO
OnT-Ei

l-+an

aNG
Exprssion tor tak time Tp'

n
rusIon for ma mum Ovurgho0t Mp

%Mp F

Sttin imt
wn
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[Link].n
a [Link]

Exampe heh Serond order Conirol Syu om

Suhjaefed to ud skp inpud, te vlu o °*3 nd

On
Srad| &e. duemine he pise 4ime, fRsk Hna, SeH
time and peak OVerdhoot

Here on 6 dd) Loe

and

Riso ime t, n- tan NG

.DU

On l-42
- +an -to0 S
0403 Se
6 1-(o S

Ca) e ime= = d605 Se

61-(o

3)Sating time 4, = = 33 &e

On 0SX

() Maximum Overshoot
UN

M eFXt
e
VET
x1« =0¢3 ld 16.3.
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
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ERROR ANALYSI S

Cteady &tate Evnor sykm

input and oulbd t
bekoean -the
ufferece
during &ieady Stade
'
o au
T
,
Ct

H
RS) 1+e)H)
Rtu)
E G) H)
1
[Link])
=lim elÐ im 5D.DUN2

Rtu
ess ims. 1+Gs)HU)
H(1) = 1
S teudbatk Syttem
or Uridy

R
mS4G)
STEADY &tode Eovor for dujenent +p ostm
a)pe Zuro &uden aith On &p Input

G Ht k(tT)(14$1). BD.0UN
(149Ta) 1+ T).

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junlor Engineer

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l,[Link]

ess= m
S-o 1+G(y HtU
ess=
H p os4on
8taic
ror enttar
Te o Sqstem
6th Orid amp
nP
k=Lim g. G«) Hu)
aING

DUN

'o Syutan n drit panabolie inpudt

kqLims Gt) H
S0

Ka [Link]

2ta)- 1ype 1 Sytem sith Uid Step inpu (m-1)

ess
NGA
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|
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ACADEMY [Link]

The '1' Sydem olm Onit rap 9npc

[Link]

ss
pe'1' syehem sith Unid parabele Input

Ka LIm &Gw HU

ee 0 (UN

a Tse 'a' syatem am Ont tep input

kp = im 6 Hw

es =o [Link]

Tte ' Splem oim Unit amp 9npu

Ey m s Gt) Ht

ING
[Link])

ENGINEERING Indis's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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 Centre-Pithuwal
ENGINEERING Cass | Karanpuur, HO: Shimla bypass road near
Govemment polyiechnic Pithuwala un
ACADEMY Mob U8449s97123,04I|40612 Web. [Link] co
.[Link]

C)*zpe '4' sulem oi Onid parabelie inpu

Um GuHt
S>o
ess ([Link]

ets

THe 'oTpe '1' T'

Syten
Sysm Si9tem
Vrut siep Tnpud
T+E
Und Romp Tnpu
Unad farebalie Tnput|

Xomple Delermine 8taic asvor CoeHidand

EP Ev, ka. for bdow open Lop transer tunien
ot Uniy tudback sytem
ING
[Link]
G (1) 5o
(1t 0-1s)St1o
50 5
p m Gts) Ht Um
S0 (1+0 1S)(sio)

Ey im & GyHU = üm s. 50 (st1)

14 015)
S
Lmst 5
(14015) (s1)
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
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ACADEMAY [Link]@[Link]

example Dederne the Sttady Stade eds en

qo
bloe dyam tor nid Aamb input ohere k =
dor tOhih
ak
and alto dtermine Hhe Ulue
Steady &tale ernor to Unis ramp aN be : 6

Soluton AING Ru)

Rts
Ru [Link]

Hu1
Gty H) s(3410)

Noud & Um s. Rs
1+GHw

sta)
Um St10

[Link]

0.02 Un St2
StS+20+k

NG
S
DUN

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineerr

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ACADEMY Mh
Mob 0449597123,09411340612 Web [Link] oo n
nai [Link]

Oynamic Umor
Coeiciets
E C= esTon undion
RS)
14 s)Hu

fer Onay udbaer,

E [Link]
Rt 1+Gts)
In polynomial form

S+*
Ru)

Eu) R+RUD * R)
9mverse splaea
el4) =r14) +r) +)
erron ess = m sElU)
ess Lim

cient.
Oyramic error Colfi
Her F

aNG
[Link]

Engineer
India's Best Institute for Junior
ENGINEERING
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ACADEMY Mob 0149597123,9941 1340612 Web: [Link] coin

-mall engineetingacaderTiyldn2gma1,60

quny Domain Analusiu

T maqhitude ad pho relotonshib Sinusolda ang

Stedy &todt ouhut ot g Systen s enbLon frquy

501bonse
aING

94 anput Siral is r(tJ- x Sinwt

[Link]

than ouput 1 c tt)= Y Sin(10t +

ha adventage is
that he trtquenty roponie
tokle open Assp 3ystem Can be obtadned

4uan ty ruponu ii net uitoble Jor he Syale Hwly

Lae ime (onstant

Gu C or Gtio) Cjw
R RJw
fo teble dyhem, tha sinusoldal outpu e th
Same oeguanuy a Inpu but [Link]
dnd phae o} he 0utpuk Lsill be diHerent
0m
+he Tnpud. NG

Giw) = MLØ [Link]

Hen m is Called gain or magnitude Raio

+he angle wieh 0tput Jaad h 9npuh

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M ur
MOD:08449597123,0941 1340612 Web: [Link].m
E-mail:engineeringacademyddn([Link]

PoLAR PLOT-
Sinusei da
ha pola lot o a

wnsyerfuncion Gi) ii a lot o th mag

Coni
G(Jo) versud e phase angle o Gtiu on Pei

- hats a4 '' iu
a riad
om Kero to nfnihy

T Pelor blot is
4h loceus o elor lG(u)|Z4"
is Vorad trom Xed to ininity.

The joolor plet also alled Nyquist Pio

[Link]

Ordeg
ordur
gNG -18D
[Link]
Order ord 1

Tybe Zeo0 Systum [Link])

Gts)
C14S7)(14 $2)

G(Jp)=
(1t wTJ(1+jOT)

It(WTIJl|J
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ACADEMY E-mail:engineeringacademyddn@[Link]

for mog4niude

O
im |Giw)1= RINO
ooun

8
im Gli)=-1
-26

1- qo
ATI N

Tybe' oNe' Suten

S1t ST) t1+ST2

uaing d J
/-a0- tanwT- 4anoTa
wtltjT,) (143t2

ERNG

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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Gervernment polytechnic Prhuwala Debrudn
ACADEMY Mob: 08449597123,09411340612
Web [Link] co h
E-masl [Link]

LOE
Re

T -q
RING

[Link])
Tyhe Tioo dptum

atu

180-4
Cio(14 e71)

LimGtiji| = im G ti) =
O

Lim -180-+ansT = - 86 Lim80-*nTI -2*6°

Lo-00

Re

[Link]
JNG
-a

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

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Electrical Hand written Notes in PDF format

Postal course list

1: Engineer academy dehradun (Raman sir)

2:nimbus academy Jaipur

3:Aim campus roorkee

4: Youth competition Theroy book

join Telegram and download free PDF

Allelectricalnotes
 Class Contre-Pithuwnla | Karanpur, HO. Shimla bypass rond near Government polyechnic Pithurwala Dehrh
Derwun
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ACADEMY E mail:engineeringacademyddn4gmailL. -

example Steth th polan plet tos Gti) A

Solulon

2-90- to'w
1
Jw+
ING
atphing nit DLDUN3

imG üm

m
t000 toA1tot

in G F 90

Lin Ge2
to0o

NNO aymtoHc to th
he Hot 1 \ericalJn
pasing through a point
(-1,0

[Link]
.DUN -890Im

-9
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Englneer
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cPthuwnla
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-mailengineeringacademyddn(@[Link]

Exambl Doauo poler piot o Gtw-4o

Xaro &y em, and alto tor G{)*

Soluion o Gt-
DoUN
Pu & Jw
Gtiw)

Guw)

in6 tiu)|-
to- o

18
[Link]

to inuai
w

for Gtu= Gu
Gtiw)
u Gu w-

|-ad
Giu)=-0
Gto)= [Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

LACADEMY EA-59
 lass Centre-Pitbuwala Karunpur, HO: Shimla bypass road near Covemment polytechnic
}

ENGINEERING Mob 08449597123,0941 1340612 Web: [Link]

Pihuwala Debradun
ACADEMY E mail engineeringacademyddn@[Link]

Draw
Example ha greh poh Wot or Gw*
Sol
Pubirg 8 iuo [Link]

Gtw)
Juoti

Gu /- tanw
|-qe
Gm Gtjwy = 1Lo°
to- EERNG
Gm Gtoj = o-g0
([Link]

Ex
ampl? Doud Stakh tos Gtu= ot+1)_
S41)
Solui on Gt L6(St1)
S+1
Gu)=lol&41) Coundt cleole
GU) St1
180
L oS+1

Gtu dio
No-o+1

/GC) o /G(Ju)_ o°

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA-6
ENGINEERING
ACADEMY ibuls Aaregu Shumia bapars
ra nr Cveremeet uhsechne Pshmsis whra
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PHat margin, Gain Mayin gdnd Gtabiliy

oN
olar PLOT
Phant

180
DUN

o
Stab}üky ot tortool sys4em is measred
phaue margin
ard ain marn DUN

hade Margin s
9+ he amourd e adduHon
bhat la4 at the aim Crossover trtquanty Tequltd to
bing th Systum to the vege ot imstabi l

Gaun
Macin> gain magin the veipsocal o
h magnihude |Gtiu| at 4h drquany at dd th
pha agde ls -180

Gon Marin j4 tju)

(L)4 blot douno ineeH th NageHt vtal axd

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

LACADEMY
EA-61
 ENGINEERING Claes Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur, HO: Shimla bypass rond near (overnment polytechnic Pithurwala De
Dehrha
Mob 08449597123,09411340612 Web: [Link]
ACADEMY E-mail:engineeringacademyddn@[Link]

( 4he plot n4erJe NyeHe beal au behoun

+he Orijln and (-140)

Fgodb
3) 94 4e blot Interse he Negeio Raa auis(-14o)
godb
4)4 4he let enda 4he point t-14jo)

aeds

- -T
[Link]
Stoble

Vege o Unstaility

Gaan Crens
3) Ner
h Untalble

UN!

RiNC

DDUN

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Englneer

ACADEMY EA-
ENGINEERING Class Cens
ACADEMY u
MMob:08449597123,09411340612
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E-mail:engineeringacademyddn(@[Link]

Example
SFekh 4e polor p1ot tor G) H
SALG4)
ard daemin e sarge o
SoluHon
Gtou) Htis) =
[Link]

it14io) (s4 Ju)

- ao
00. 1G tiuy Hdu)| = o ard /Giw)HU)= -

-30
1,0

-9o
a poita

- 180 -40 +an o- ta'o:aw

go +ano + tan 'odD
Hango +an (an w+ tan o»sw)

-02 0
. cad| se Cross overrg u
w 26

ENGINEERING Indis's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

LACADEMY
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ENGINEERING HO: Shimla bypass rond nenr kov ernment polytechnic Pithuwala Deh
Clas Cenre Pithuwain | Karanpur, Dehrad
Mob 08449597123,09411J40612 Web: [Link]
ACADEMY Email: [Link]

Exambl, SFeeh 4 polee piot Jor Gty Hos*

SSALGAS)

Sotuion Gtou) Htiw)

it14u)(s4Ju

Re
1,0

aINO
[Link]

dd poit a

180 -40 tan o tai' o.2w

Qo +año + ta o«Ltd

ango4an(Han'o+ tanow)

I-0.20L
1-0916 o
Cross over Hrg u

IGiH)|- aINa

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA
ENGINEERING|Chs e Pthuwala t Karanpur, H): Shimla bypas road near Oovernment polytechnic Pithuwala 1enraau
ACADEMY MobU8449597123,09411340612 Web: [Link] [Link]
E-mait:[Link]

Gtia Hiuo)= k(14Ta)(1 ioT

Uuo14 iuh)(14}w

Phase
marin 4 Gain Mart [Link]

rosiive gan margin means syltem 1 Stob

N&geHva 8ain
mangin meane Ayg4 em is Unstoble.
fo8 mii mUm þhone, sulem bhoml margin and gain
mdrin muat be pove or Syslem to be 94aal

Gaun Margin Gain mastin is desined o marž#

in in adowable by ohieh gain Can be jncremed
+1 Syaem reachu on th Verge o instability

G.m.
[Link]

Phaue
mangin for gain Hs adduional phae d
Co b tcod ues eithoud ajeing the magniude
plot e
amount dt dddulionad pha
Duih can be 9rodue in sylen 41 syud en
Teacht on the verge ot înstabilihr

(iu) H(iu) [Link]

Pm. 80+/G

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
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 imuwalN Dthradun
ENGINEERING .Iass Centre-Pithuwnla Karanpur, HO Shimla bypass rOad near Government polytechnic
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ACADEMY Emaitengineeringacademyddn@[Link]

oin Crosr Goin Croso v

tquny
Ponive G.m.i
Phesa Crou

Nyae
PesiHwe frost
f.m Croute

frtauanty marn
.DUN

o belovo iven
eKomple
_-
ind 4he tsunser wntion
mogni tude plot dbjdusde
-o datedu
1cD db 6o dbl
[Link]
dbjdecsde
8o

to-Jo d |decnde
d 5 lepa Changel

)0 1+0:2S

0 :Uo, Slope Ckang 4o -60 dbjdelsde

o0 Slepe Cang to - 8odb|detod

0+o1
AING
[Link]

G) (it0-015
(4 0.2sCI4 0.0as
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
ACADEMY
EA-
 ENGINEERING Cass Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur; H0: Shimla bypass road near Government polytechnic Pthuwala Dehradun
|

ACADEMY Mob:08449597123,0941 1340612 Web: [Link].n

E-mail:engineringacademyddn@[Link]

Evanple- nd tonser funtH on tor balsw þlot

odb/d

ANG

[Link]
edbld

Here k = 105

Gts =1() (1)

(4) 14)

([Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY_
EA-67
 Class Centre-Pithuwnla Karanr mabasrod hear Govermment polytechnic Prthuwaa De
ENGINEERING Mob:08449597 123,09a1400lz WeD. [Link]
Dehrndu

ACADEMY B-mail:engineeringacademyddn(@[Link]

&tabiiy haony [Link]

A Bytem $aid to be Stable t irupord Camr

be mece to Intreane indtinitely b the OppluaHon

bourded input eacitadien. A outpud oppsoathu 4ogrd
Jarge time the &ydn
i=

inini de vbdue for &ulfidend

Said to b Ungtalble.

AUneer time inraiant (LT1) Sytem 3

tabje 9

System is exited by
a bounded inpud. the oulpu
boundad ( 61 Bo Stoabiliy erttevia)

9n +he absunce o the input, the ouut tendi

tOards ero, hs is Enown as auymptotic Stobe

EHet ot Locaion o Poles on Stabilik

(a)Yole on Negeive Real axis aNG

[Link]

at S -a
ACt4)
8(4)= £Gl

[Link]

|ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

LACADEMY
EA
 Dehratun
ENGINEERINGClaas Centre Pithuwnla Karanpu HO. Shimie
bypu
w
road noer Hvemment polytechnic Pihywala
Ciovemment polyechnic Dhehradun
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(b) Pole on Posi4ive Real aniu

aING
[Link]

84) k
m C

Ra
>t
simpe ple on Pouive RRsponia.

fole at he Origin [Link]

Hee 810 f=k

Hee tt volu ot g4) Constant Hent 8atem 1 man

[Link] INO
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Englneer
ACADEMY
EA-69
 Covernment polytechnic Pithuwala Dehradun
Class Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur; HO: Shimla bypass road near
|

ENGINEERING Mob:08449597123,0941 1340612 Web: [Link].m

ACADEMY E-mailkengineeringacademyddn@[Link]

Complx pole in the left Halt of s-

piane

at S dtiw
84)=f RING
DDUN

Imu)
-t)
> Re

-a-)o aNG
.DUN

Ce) Compla Pole in th Rt haly of s- plane

g40 f
814) &Ae Ceo0t

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA-1
 ENGINEERING Cass Centre-Pithwala Karnpur, to Shimla bypass road near Covenment poytechnic Pidrwala Dehradin
ACADEM Mob O8440s07123,09411340612 Web [Link] [Link]
E-mail [Link]

Tele on Jo is aJNO
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Lm

Re
AA
The Routh- Huroitz, Critasion NG
[Link]

Ao +a, S"4. +an O

Ner Qo an a at ot t pesi+ii Si
and none 1s eso. heabove equaHon Can be
Amange 0 olloing
ANG
Ro 1
[Link]
Aow
RO
bi b3 bS

au
Ond ba L90
ENGINEERING| India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
ACADEMYY
FA-71
 ENGINEERING Class Centre-Pithuwala | Karanpur, HO: Shimla bypass road near Goverument polytechnic nuwala Dehn
Mob:08449597123,09411340612 Web: [Link].n
ACADEMY E-mailengineeringacademyddn @[Link]

NoL 0om ard grd Ra o a fouwt Tow

Rowi ao au
ROO2 AING

[Link]
Roo bi b bs
C1 C3 Cs

Here
b SE
Stademert ot Roudh Hurwi+z Criterion

1s
Routh- Huroit Citeron Staded thot the dyatem
Stable a and only all he klemens in 4he firtt
Coumn have L Som adg ebrie &um.

example Coek te &labiily e belous Syalem Rqusiom

Š+ai+ 654 us +i=o

u RING
S [Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA-D
ENGINEERING
Lenre-Pithuwala | Karanpur; HO: Shimis bypass road near (kvernnent
ACADEMY pelytecn
Mob:0844
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[Link]

bi

al Cotfci ed
dt Column are în positive
ven equakon haa no rot oith positive ne
pa Hente System is 8t6ble.

&xomple-
=
Dernine the &tabiliy o Riven equahon

s+ s+ s2+3s+2 JNG
Sotuion s ([Link]

bI

d |*3
here are two Changet in &n Henc + Su
UnstaHe
.DUN

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Eagineer

ACADEMY
FA-73
 near Government polytechnic
ENGINEERING Class Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur; HO: Shimla bypass road uwaia Dehr=
Mob:08449s97123,09411340612 Web: [Link] c
ACADEMY E-maengineeringacademyddn@[Link]

exampleE Coer th 3tabiliky ogiven &ptem

uaion

s4 5
ERIN
9DDUwiG

Har bs

d *
Sign o Coeficiznt change hentt Syu
Hr
ls Un8toble

eOm ble &tabilik ot folloofng. Rquali on

Cheek th

by
a4PyHRouh Hu» voit2 Citerion
s5+as+ ut+ 19+10 =o

s RING
[Link]

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA-7
ENGINEERING lass Centre-Pithuwala
Karanpur, 1t0
ACADEMY Mob.0R440so Shimla byy
Shimla bypass rond near Clovernment polytechnie Pithuwala Dehradun
Mob 08449597123,09411340612
Web [Link] co
mal [Link]

So mulhy
bt qualton byt st1
S41( S4 a4af4uf+ ns+10) °
S4954 u6s4 1ss 213t1oED
4
SS AINO
6 21

6
0
S
S

Hert Siqn otoeHicect carge Henu hi

Syattm s Unttal

Apliaakion ot Rous Stahjiity Criteion to towtrol

Syatem analyM

Rouh 8tability cilerion 13

also wd fon to tkea

ha 3tabili o t
near Judbaar sylem.

ample Te opun losp tranfor tuncHon e uniyN

fudbaek 8yslom s
s(Hu)(as9
AnRanga o tor Stabilthy

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA-75
 Pithuwala DehrdN
Shimla bypass road near Covernment polytechnic
ENGINEERING Class Centre-Pithuwnla | Karanpur Ho [Link]
Mob.08449597123,09411340612 web.
ACADEMY E-mail:engineeringAcAdEmyonEEE

&ING
Soluion Gtt)
S(1+0u3) (1t0-25 DUN

HS)= 1

Chorac ertaio EauaHen +GU) H) °

8(140 Us)C]to. 953) 4 K = O

+ =
S46Sr+16s 10k
SS
C
6:S

s 6So
6S
L [Link]

Now for Stabily

o
k>o and 6s-1ok>
Hen Hor cloied Irsp abiliy
OLK65

[Link]

ENGINEERING
India's Best Institute for Junior Eagineer
ACADEMY
ENGINEERINGCaC Shimla bypass road neer Covernment polytechnic Pithuwala
Dehraduri
ACADEMY 0.O *9597123,09411340612 Web. [Link] no*my o n
[Link]

Aoot Louu Loc 1a

gnabhiesd mehad
Raot
InOich rools o he Charueteri s* equaHen am

bletked in -plane for 4ht dHerexd vodus F

the ckavaclerisic equaHen
o +h Yo e 4
Rn goin i v0ied tyom aro to intiniy 1s Coled

etLous

Sts4

G) H$ i
IN
S(S4)
o.ouN3

83+1

are S1-1+1-E, S2 -j-1-k

Hare nooH

of k tor he Locati on of Root

Vblu
dis4inct
Ohen oZkL1, dOk re real and
K6, too rooH are S0S 2
(2 Ohen equal
Both ts a rea nd
hen Rods Comlak Conagak L4t
4 Oen k aINGN
pert= -1 [Link]

India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ENGINEERING
ACADEMY EA-77
ENGINEERING CASS Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur; HO: Shimla bypass road near Govemment polyiechnnic
| tmuwaia Dehndu
Mob:08449597123,0941 1340612 Web: [Link].n
LACADEMY E-mail:engineeringacademyddn([Link]

Re

aING
[Link]

Rw

((D.o
CRC G
14+GH
T Casaelerisaice, equatlon is 14G)HU)= o

-
G) H| i

NG
[Link]

ENGINEERING
India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
ACADEMY
EA-
 ENGINEERING Cas Centre-Pithuwsla Karanpur, HO Shimia bypas rnad near Government polytechnic Pithuwala Dehradun
Mob 08449597123,09411340612 Web: [Link] co. in
ACADEMY E-mail: engineeringacademyddn@[Link]

edemination o k on Kont Lo tus .

The valuua of k Can be delerm ined b

6d ue t dld veeler lergm crawn doom 4he pole Gt)to fal*

tdue o oll Vtaken Jeh draum ton 4ue u0s o} otoHt4o fa

RING
[Link]

Heve k = B:C
A

NyouiST PsTh © NyôU1ST CONTO UR

Overalltansder 9f a syA}e
C) Gt
Rc) 14 G(5) H
[Link]

the Characderi &He tguaion is

14 G)H) = d

Th main pupolt in study he &tabilaf

omp 8yalem
dand s to dadrmin ohet
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
ACADEMY
EA-79
 Dehradu
ENGINEERING Cless Centre-Pithuwala Karanpur, HO. Shimla bypass road near Govermment polyiechnc Pithuwala
Mob: 08449597123,09411340612 Web:
[Link]
ACADEMY E-mail engineeringacademyddn([Link]

Chacderis4ic equakon Has any roet in e nat

hoH
oS- plan.
or 4u 0 ulL a Aonto ur in 8-plane Wwe

4he endire snght haH [Link] totour

hdoes
Havinge tnircleme o cdotkolke direei on drd

sadi'A' apbochu nini

Thu path or Contour s eroLn as Nyguit Conto

[Link]

forible
fote

-0

[Link]
NYOUIST CRITERI0N

The Ckararderistic equaien given by

Ht
Ds) +G
Ajud baek systn stable i and ey H

+hert is No ers o ou) in he 7lnt hat

RING
&- la nd
0
(DuNi
ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer
LACADEMY
EA-80
 ENGINEERING CIass Centre-Pithuwala | Karanpur, HO: Govemment polytechnic
Pithuwala Dehrdun
Shimls byYpas rond near
ACADEMY Mob:O8449397123 00 A
97123,09411340612
engineeringacROEmy**
Web: [Link].
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N-P Corbur
10
ING
&DUN

GH Corour

1a baer Stem or cloud op Syem s*e

h Contour TeH o open lsp 4anse
funthion Gu Ho) Coenospondina guit Contote
4o
the pol (-1+3o) in Conrtour
S- plan enistlu
Ceek oise direelion direien mdh numbs
CDuntrcleckusis nclamend aboat +He (- 143 u) Rqua
t nun bur ot polu o Guy Hu in he srgat Haly
8- plars

exomple Delemie th cdosed Assp ot a

Stabiiy
Conte &yatem 9horu open Lsop tsansjar unHon 1s

H
G E

s14 T) ING
Solusin i [Link]

Gtw) H)=
Jut 41)

ENGINEERING India's Best Institute for Junior Engineer

ACADEMY
EA-81
 neer wernment potyyechnic Pithuwala fDehrs
Claes Centre PithrwaleKaranpr, HO Shimla bypass [Link] gac aMemy co in
ENGINEERING Moh 08449197123,943| 140612
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ACADEMY E [Link]

Gwylu) T .-
14 w1)
14 d1

146
tUm /G(jw) Ht)») - qe Lim /Gie) Hi2 = -

to-0

plot wil ie In hird 9uadram

polar
N-o
N: - P
[Link]

RING
[Link]

GtyM fi4ne

Re
-19

Exomple-2 &kath h Nyquisl plot ard ddrmine s

8tobaliiy of a unty udberk toto&tum

GU)
(+ST,)( 1t87 [Link]

ENGINEERING Indla's Best Institute for Junior Englneer

ACADEMY
EA
ENGINEERING Class C'entre-Pithuwala | Karanpur,
HO: Shimla bypass road nenr Government polytechnic Pithuwala
Dehradun
Mob08449597123,094|1340612
ACADEMY Web. [Link]
E-mail engineeringacademyddnAgnail com

oludidn-

NG
[Link]
Gti) Htiw) =
(14uT) (14Jwi)
1Gtiu)Hti

imGtiu)Hio|
Gi) 6lu) H{= o
im6tiw) Hiu) = o
in Gtiv)H{J) - 180

(14T)J4j) -
J 7,+TK
(34T t4T)
Hee
Gtiv) Hti\=

.
ERIN
[Link]

Re
72

KTL
TtTa

He N o, P-o, Y:o
ERINS
D.D
ENGINEERING
LACADEMY India's Best Institute for
Junior Engineer
ENGINEERING
ACADEMY

yUng Nyquiit C»iter ion. deles udne

Stsbiliy olloing tandt T

S(it)(t4
aUN
Ssluion

G&(lw)H)

Gtiw) H¢iw) =
(1tuw Hw)

Here N 8

Lm

RINC
DLDUN

ENGINEERING India's Best lnstitute

LACADEMY for Junior Englneer

EA 4
Electrical Hand written Notes in PDF format
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