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CPU Functions and Component Roles

The document outlines the primary functions of the CPU, which include the Control Unit (CU) that directs operations, the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) that performs calculations, and registers that temporarily hold data. It describes the process of how the CPU fetches, decodes, executes instructions, and stores results. Additionally, it emphasizes the interaction between these components to efficiently process data within a computer system.

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16 views3 pages

CPU Functions and Component Roles

The document outlines the primary functions of the CPU, which include the Control Unit (CU) that directs operations, the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) that performs calculations, and registers that temporarily hold data. It describes the process of how the CPU fetches, decodes, executes instructions, and stores results. Additionally, it emphasizes the interaction between these components to efficiently process data within a computer system.

Uploaded by

CICZ 206396
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CPU FUNCTIONS

Presented by
Omnia Ali Ahmed
202006396
Presented to
Mohammed Khalaf Ali
CPU Functions
1. Control Unit (CU) – Directs operations within the CPU by
fetching, decoding, and executing instructions. It
coordinates data movement between the CPU and memory.
2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) – Performs mathematical
calculations and logical operations. It processes data and
sends results back to the registers.
3. Registers – Small, high-speed storage locations inside the
CPU that temporarily hold data, instructions, and results.

How the CPU Components Interact to Process


Data
1. Fetching the Instruction (Control Unit - CU)
The Control Unit (CU) retrieves an instruction from the
computer's memory (RAM).
This instruction is temporarily stored in a register for
processing.
2. Decoding the Instruction (Control Unit - CU)
The CU interprets the instruction to determine what
operation needs to be performed.
If a calculation or logic operation is required, the CU sends
the data to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
3. Executing the Instruction (ALU and Registers)
The ALU performs arithmetic (addition, subtraction, etc.) or
logical (comparisons, AND, OR) operations.
The result is temporarily stored in registers for quick
access.
4. Storing the Result (Registers and Memory)
The processed data is either sent back to memory for
storage or forwarded to an output device.
The CU manages the movement of data to ensure the
correct results are available for the next operation.
Here's another labeled diagram explaining the role of the CPU in
a computer system. It highlights the key components:
Control Unit (CU): Directs operations, fetching and decoding
instructions.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs calculations and logic
operations.
Registers: Temporarily store data, instructions, and results.

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