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‫اﻟﺴﻔﺮ واﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ اﻻﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻴﺔ‬

Article · September 2021

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Aboabkr Sultan
United Nations Development Programme
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‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻻﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻄﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﺃﺑﻮﺑﻜﺮ ﺳﻠﻄ‬

‫ﺳﺒﺘﻤﻤﺒﺮ – ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ | ‪2021‬‬

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‫ﺸﺊ ﻓﺮﺹ ﻋﻤﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻮﻓِّﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻨﺸ‬‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﻫﻤﻴّﺔ ﻫﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺯﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻲ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔﺔ ﻓﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﺓ ﻭﻟﻸﻗﻠﻴّﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫‪ 1.5‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ‪5‬‬
‫ﻄﻮﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺩﺧ‬ ‫ﺼﺪﱡﺭ ﺗﻮﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻋ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ..‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺗ َ َ‬
‫ﺣﺪ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻓﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﺣ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴّﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ‪20199‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻈﻢ ﺩﻭﻝ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈ‬‫ﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﺳ‬‫ﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺪﻭﻟﻴّﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗُﺸ ّﻜﻞ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧ‬
‫ﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺿ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺩﻱ‪.‬‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬

‫ﺨﺎﺫ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﺗﺨ‬
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔﺔ‬‫ﻭﻳُﻮ ِﻓّﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﺇﺷ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴّﺔ ﻟﺸﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺿﻌﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻳﻢ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻳﺴﻬﻞﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻪﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺪﻑ ﻭﺿ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻨﺘﻬﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﻥ ﺗﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺌﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﻧﺖ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴّﺔ ﺩﻭﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤ ّ‬
‫ﻳﻤﺎﺭﺳ‬

‫ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ)‪، (continuum‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴ‬‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﻏ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﱠﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻨﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻻﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎﺕ‬‫ﺸﻤﻞ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺸ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺿﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻫﻫﻲ ﻣﺪﺭﺝ ﻳُﺮ َ‬
‫ﺸﺎء ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺑﺈﻧﺸ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺴﻦ‬‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺗﺤ ّ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔﺔ ﻟﻸﺷﻴﺎء ﺍﻟﺤ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻲ‪”.‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ “ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬
‫“ﺳﻴﺒﺮﺮﻳﺔ – ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ”‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﺎﻓﻌﺔ ﻻﺳ‬

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 ‫ﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸ‬
‫ﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺆﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪” (IIo‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ )‪oT‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴّﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻛﺎء “ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎء ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻦ‪ ،،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻋ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴُﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺗﺗﺴﺒّﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺔ… ﺇﻟﺦ‪ .‬ﻭﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻻ ﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣ‬
‫ﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻉ )‪ (diisruption‬ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷ‬‫ﺗﺼﺪّﻉ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺗﺪﻣﺞ‬
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻤﻌ ﱠﺰﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠَﻂ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﻯ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ ، (em‬ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ ُﻤﺘﻀ ﱠﻤﻨﻨﺔ)‪mbodied‬‬ ‫ﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻧﻈﺮﺍ ً ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﺨ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء‬ ‫ﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺗﺠ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩﻳﺔ( ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻴّﺔ )ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴّﺔ( ﻟﺘﻮﻓّﺮ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎ ً‬
‫(‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴّﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻴ‬ ‫ﻀ ﱠﻤﻨﺔ(‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺔ )ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻀ‬
‫ﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻣﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻼء ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺍ ً ﻟﻠﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴّّﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﺗﺗﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺴﻦ ﺃﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻔﻴﻦ ‪70%‬‬ ‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺑﺘﻘﻠﻴﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ‪ 40%‬ﻭﺑﺘﺤ ّ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬‫ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺘﺴﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺺ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﺇﺑﻄﺎﺎء ﺇﻫﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔً ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﻠﻴﺺ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻠﻎ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺎﺭﻛﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺬّﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻎ‬‫ﺼﻌﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺘﻌ‬ ‫ﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﺍﻟﻤﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮﻫﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺭﺑﺑﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫‪ 70‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ّ‬ ‫ﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻔﻮﻕ ‪0%‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻲ ‪ ،30%‬ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺳ‬ ‫ﺞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒ ّ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻡ “ﻣﺎﻳﻜﺮﻭﺳﻮﻓﺖ” ﺑﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺪﺭﺑﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺍﺿﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤ ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠَﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻴﺮﺍﻥ ﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﻭﻁﺎﺎﻗﻢ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻠﺲ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﻉ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺲ‬‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻣﻮﻅ‬
‫ﻅﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻜﻔﺎءﺓ ﻭﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴّﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺠﻌﻌﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻣ ُﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻮﻥ‪] ،‬ﻣﻴﺘﺎ‪،‬‬‫ﻭﻣﺆﺧﺮﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴّﺮﺕ “ﻓﻓﻴﺴﺒﻮﻙ” ﺍﺳﻤﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﺳﻢ “ﻣﻴﺘﺎ ﻓﻴﻴﺮﺱ)‪ ،” (metaaverse‬ﻱ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺛﻼﺛﺛﻲ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻗﻊ “ﻭﻳﺐ” ﻰ‬ ‫ﺱ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ]]‪ universe‬ﺗﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮﺍ ً ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺮﺱ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ؛ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺟﻬﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻱ “ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔﺔ‪-‬ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴّﺔ” ﻟﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻻﺟ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻣﻨﻐﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒ ّ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺮﺩ ﺮ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ ﺍﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﱠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻻً ﻦ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺍﺿﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤ ﱠ‬

‫ﺸﺊ ﻓﺮﺹ ﻋﻤﻤﻞ ﻭﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻨﺸ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻋ ّ‬

‫ﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺩ ّ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺼﻨﺎﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﻫﻤﻴّﺔ ﻫﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺯﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬
‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠ ّ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟ ّ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻲ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔﺔ ﻓﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ً‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺛﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻹﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ‪[Answeer‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ..‬ﻭﺟﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﻓﻮﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻨﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻋﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺐ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻅﻴﻒ؛ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﺳ‬‫‪Messsage (teleccommunicaations) AN‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻅ‬ ‫]‪NM‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻋﻢ ﺗﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﺸﺮﻱ ﺑﺄﻛﻤﻠﻪ ﻭﻭﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺭﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺸ‬
‫)‪ ،(digitalizzing‬ﻭﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ً ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻓﻲ ﺗﺤ ّ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻨﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺟﺎﺋﺋﺤﺔ “ﻛﻮﻓﻴﺪ – ‪ ”19‬ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎ ً‪ ،‬ﻧﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻓﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺤ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ّ‬
‫ﺤﻮﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻮﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻠﺤ‬‫ﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺠ‬‫ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺃﻧﺤﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﺗُﻈﻬﺮ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻨﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻁﺮﺮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻗﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﻲ ّ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻭﻳﺘﻘﺪﱠﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﻫﻮﺍﺗﻒ ﻣﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ )ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻮﻁﺪ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺮﻗﻤﻲ ﺑﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﻋ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺰﻳﺪﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻔﻮﻕ‬ ‫)ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻔﻬﻢ(‪ ،،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﺳ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺗُﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻌﺎﻫﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻌ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌ ﱡﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻠﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻨﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻧﻤﺎء ﻗﻄ‬
‫ﺕ ﻣﺸﺠﻌﺔ ﻻﺳ‬
‫ﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻧﺒﻌﺎﺛﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﻟﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﺠﺪﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎء ﻗﺪ ﻳﻬ ِﺪّﺩﺍﻥ ﺇﻧﻔﺎﺫ ﺳ‬

‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻮﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺼﺪﱡﺭ ﺗﻮﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻰ‬‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺗ َ َ‬‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻟﺼﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫‪ 1.5‬ﺑﻠﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻣﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻭﻟﻴّﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ‪2019‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﻄ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺇﺫ ﺷ ّﻜﻞ ‪ 10.4%‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻣﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻤﻲ )‪ 9.2‬ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻴﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ((‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺸ ِﻐﻞ ‪ 10.6%‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴّﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺷ ّﻜﻞ ﺇﻧﻔﺎﻕ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺤﺪﺍﺙ ‪ 1‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ‪4‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻅﺎﺋﻒ )‪ 3334‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻧﺎً(‪ ،‬ﻭ ُ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬ ‫ﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻜﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺧﺴ‬ ‫ﻻﺭ(‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠ‬
‫‪ 277.4%‬ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴّﺔ )‪ 11.7‬ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺎﻡ ‪2019‬ﻡ‬‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻡ‬ ‫‪ 49.1‬ﻓﻲ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺕ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺇﺳﻬﻬﺎﻣﻪ ‪4 %‬‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮ ‪ 4.55‬ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ 45‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴّﻴﻦ ‪.69.4%‬‬ ‫ﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 4.7‬ﺗﺮﻳﻳﻠﻴﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺭ؛ ﻭﺍﻧﺨﻔﺾ ﺇﻧﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴّﻴﻦ ‪4 %‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﻞ ﻧﺎﺗﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻞ‬

‫ﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻨﻮﻋﺎ ً ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻅ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﻄ‬
‫ﺿﻌﻒ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻅﺎﺋﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺔ )ﻧﺤﻮ‬‫ﺷﻐﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ‪ 554%‬ﻣﻦ ﻭﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻌﻌﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺷﺒﺎﻥ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻣﻦ ‪ 30%‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺪﺍ ﻭﻭﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻊﻊ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻭﺗﺤﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﻴﺚ ﻣﺠﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﺼﺪﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫‪ 1.9‬ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ‪1‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻴﺎﺣﻴّﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻔﻲ ‪2019‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺣﻘﻖ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺇﺟﻤﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﺤ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪2017‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺔ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪1.6‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺳﻬﻤﺖ ﺻ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 16.5‬ﻣﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ )‪ 10.5%‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪ 22.8%‬ﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ 11%‬ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻧﺤﻮ ‪ 32%‬ﻣﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻅﻴﻴﻒ(‪ .‬ﻭﺷ ّﻜﻠﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺋﺾ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ‪ 77‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻦ ‪ 251‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﺃﺳﻔﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺾ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺎﻭﺯﺯﺕ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺰﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴّﻴﻦ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ ‪ 955.5‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺯﺍﺋﺋﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﻲ ﺳﻨﻮﻮﻳﺎ ﺑﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻋﺎﺎﻡ ‪2023‬ﻡ )ﺃﻱ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺘﺴﺘﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪2020‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺿﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 766‬ﺑﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺧ‬
‫‪22000‬ﻡ(‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻜﺒّﺪ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
‫‪7.5%) 33.2‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ‪3 %‬‬ ‫ﻭﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﻀﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ؛ ﻭﺍﻧﺨ‬
‫‪ 41%‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺟ‬
‫ﻒ‪).‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻅﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺇﺟ‬

‫ﺴﺒﺔ ‪4.4%‬‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎ ً ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺍ ً ﺑﻨﺴ‬

‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ))‪ ، (OECD‬ﻳﺴﻬﻢ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺩﺩﻭﻝ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﺎﻡ ‪2018‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻛﻞ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ 6.99%‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﻟﺔ ﻭ‪ 21.5%‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺇﺟ‬
‫ﺳﻂ ﻳﻮﻟﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔﺔ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻴﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺪﺭ ﺑـ‪ 89‬ﺳﻨﺘﺎً‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔً ﺑـ‪ 81‬ﺳﻨﺘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻟﻠﺼﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻳُﻨﻔﻘﻪ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﻮﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻄﺮﺩ ﻲ‬ ‫‪201‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺎء ﺍﻟ ُﻤ ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯﺯ ﻧﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻣﻨﺬ ‪14‬‬
‫ﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ))‪ ،(56.9%‬ﻭﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪ (O‬ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼ‬‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻔﺪ ﺩﻭﻭﻝ )‪OECD‬‬
‫‪ 611.1%‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﺩﺩﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗُﺸ ّﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺩﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻭﺭﺍء ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻝ ))‪ (OECD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪ 75%‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﺯﻣﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎء ء‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﻴ ّ‬
‫ﺴﺮﺍ ً‪.‬‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺎﻓﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬
‫ﺣﺔ ﺑﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﻠﺴ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣ‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺎﺭﻛﻲ )ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻜﻜﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺪﻓﻊ ﻋﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺘﺆﺛﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴّﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫(‬ ‫ﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫“ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺘﺘﺸﻴﻦ”‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﺎﺎء ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺃﻳﻳﻀﺎ ً ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤ‬
‫ﺤﻠﻴّﺔ‬ ‫ﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﺒﺴﺎﺎﻁﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻟﻮﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺠﺎﺡ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻴّﺔﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺴﺎ ٍﻭ‪ .‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺚ ﺃﻁﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﻭﻳﺞ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫•ﺗﻌﺰﻳﻳﺰ ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺮﻗﻤﻲ‪.‬‬‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫•ﺗﺸﺠ‬
‫ﺻﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻟﺬﻛﻴّﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻ‬
‫• ﱡ‬
‫•ﺗﻌﺰﻳﻳﺰ ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺳﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻋﻮﻮﻣﺔ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺻﻮﻝﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﺘﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴّﺔ ﻭﺳ‬

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‫ﺳﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ً ﻗﻀ‬
‫ﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻬ ّﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻐﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴّﺎﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺗﻮ ّ‬
‫ﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﻤﺎء‬‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﻳُﺸ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼﻗﺔ ﻲ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﻧﻧﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺗﺒﻨّﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤ ﱡ‬
‫ﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ ﻭﻧﻔﺎﺫ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻴﺎﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺗﺒﻨﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﻦ ﻳﻳﺠﻌﻼﻥ‬

‫ﺨﺘﻠَﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻭ‬

‫ﻲ؟‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺳﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳُﻮﻓﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﺇﺷ‬
‫ﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻕ‬ ‫ﺟﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﱠﻔَﻖ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟ‬
‫ﺘﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺿﻲ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻘﺮﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮ‬‫ﺭﻗﻤﻴّﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺘﺴ‬
‫ﺿﻴﺔ ﻟﺸﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﻬﺪﻑ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺣ‬‫ﻼﺛﺔ ّ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻤﺮﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺛﻼ‬
‫ﻱ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻨﺘﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻳﻤﺎﺎﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﺗﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩ ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬

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‫ﺿﻲ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺪﻡ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺭﺭﺍﺳﺨﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻨﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻫﻢ ﻣﺨﺎﻭﻑ ﺍﻻﺳ‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﻭﺑﻂء ﺗﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ 360‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬

‫ﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻣﻊ ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬‫ﻭﺗﺘﻀﻤﻤﻦ ﺗﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍ ﺱ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﺸ ِﻌ ﺕ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺭﺏ “ﺟﻮﺟﻞﻞ ﻟﻠﻔﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ”‪ .‬ﻭﺗ ﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﻟﺔ ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﺠ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺣﻮﺳﺒﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗ َﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻌﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻋ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﺬﻫﺎ ﺣ‬
‫ﺨﺪﻡ ﺑﺴﺖ ﺩﺭﺟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴّﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻗﻄﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻲ‬‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺍﺿﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠ‬

‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ؟‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ً ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺗﺎﻥ ﺑﻄ‬
‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻣﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻭ ﺗﻘﻘﻨﻴّﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻯ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺧﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺭﻗﻤﻴّﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻳﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻳﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻼﻫﻫﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺘﺎﻥ ﻗﻮﻳﻳﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﺮﻛﺎ ﺑﺼﻤﺘﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻟﺘﺘﺒﱡﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻛﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍﺍ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻜﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ‪ ،،‬ﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻤﻤﺎ ﻳﺒﺜﺎﻥ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻞ ﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺒﻨّﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀﺢ ﻧﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺘﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻱ ﺑﻮﻮﺗﻴﺮﺓ ﺃ ّ‬
‫ﺇﺫ ﺍﺗﻀ‬

‫ﺕ ﻟﻴﻨﺰ”‪ ،‬ﻭ”ﺍﻟﻟﻨﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴّّﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺻﻘﺔ” ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻌﺮﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻣﺜﻞ “ﺳﻨﺎﺑﺸﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗُﺘﻴﺢ ّ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺰﺯﺍ ً ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﺮﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻀﻲ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺴﻤﺔ[(‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﻴﺔ ﻣﺠ ﱠ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻤﺔﺔ )ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻟﻮﺟﺮﺍﻡﻡ‪] ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻄﺒﺒﻴﻖ ﻳﻨﺸﺊ ﺻ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ‬
‫ﺼﺮ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻰ‬ ‫ﺗُﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺃﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ؛ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻳﻘﺘﺼ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻮﻟﻮﻟﻴﻨﺰ ”‬
‫ﺘﻴﺢ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ “ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻠﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺗ ُ ﺢ‬
‫ﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺗ ُ ِ ّ‬
‫ﺤﺮﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴّﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﺮﻯ ﻭﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴّﺔ ﻹﺟﺮﺍﺍء ﻣﺤﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﺳﻤﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺼﺮﻳﺔﺔ[‬
‫ﻲ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺗﺮ‬
‫‪ ،[HoloL‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫‪Lens‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﻳَ ِﺤ ّﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﱠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻ‬
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎﺎ ﻳﻐﻄﻲ‬
‫ﺕ ﻋﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻭﺯﺧ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﻲ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺛﺎﺑﺑﺘﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺜﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺘﺒﱡﻊ‬
‫ﺤﺮﻳﺔ” ﻓﻘﻂ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺩﺓ ﻣﻊ “‪ 3‬ﺩﺭﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤ‬
‫ﻫﻮﻟﻮﻟﻴﻨﺰ” ﻛﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﺨﺪﻡ “‬
‫ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﻳﺔ”‪ .‬ﺍ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻄﻠﱠﺐ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ “‪6‬‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻄ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌ ِﺪّﺩﺓ ﻟﺘﺘﺒّﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴّﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﺮﺮﺍﺕ ﺧﻠﻔﻴّﺔ ﻌ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﻤ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻁ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ؛ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﻮﻅﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺠ ِ ّ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﺍﻟﻤﺸﻬﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠَﻂ؟‬

‫ﻟﺘﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻮﺍﻗﻌﻴّﺔ‬
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻣﻌﺎ ً‬
‫ﱠﺰ‬ ‫ﻂ ]‪ [Mixedd Reality‬ﺑﻴﻦﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻂ‬
‫ﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ “ﻫﻮﻟﻮﻮﻟﻴﻨﺰ‪”.‬‬
‫ﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻈ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﻮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻤﻴّﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺪﺃﺕ ﺗﻘﻨﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨ‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪ؟‬

‫ﻏﺎﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍ ٌء ﺃﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﻄﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪ ]‪ [Exttended Reaality. XR‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌ ّ‬
‫ﻌﺰﺯ ﺣﻮﺍ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬‫ﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴّﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﺸﺊ ﻋﻮﺍﻟﻟﻢ ﻣﺤﺎﻛﺎﺓ ﺗﺼ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺺ – ﺣﺎﺳﺐ” ﻭﻳُﻌﺪّﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻣﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ “ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫ﺨﺪﻡ )ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﻜﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ )ﻣﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ‪).‬‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨ‬

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‫ﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ‪ 6.1‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻭﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺘﻨﻤﻮ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺔ ‪،27.9%‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ‪20200‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 20.9‬ﺑﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﺑﺑﺤﻠﻮﻝ ‪22025‬ﻡ؛ ﻭﺳﻴﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻓﻲ ‪ 43%‬ﻣﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺰﺗﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻣﻦ ‪ 16‬ﻣﺮﺓ ﻣﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺎﻡ ‪2018‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨ‬‫ﺳﻴﻨﻤﻮ ﻁﻠﺐ ﺃﺟ‬‫ﻲ ‪2022‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴ‬ ‫ﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬
‫‪ 78%‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴّﻴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺣﻮﻝﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪%‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻣﻦ ‪ 171‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫‪ ،38‬ﻟﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻓﺠﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔﺔ ﺳﻮﻗﻪ ‪ 15.3‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻓﻲ ‪2020‬ﻡ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻤﺎء ﺳﻨﻮﻱ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪8.1%‬‬‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ]]ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪّ؟[‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌَﻴﻦ‬
‫‪2020‬ﻡ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺔ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺤﻠﻮﻝ ‪2025‬ﻡ‪ ..‬ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 77‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﺑﺤﻠ‬
‫‪ 72.8‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻴﻴﻦ ‪ 12‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻧﻤﺎء ﺳﻨﻮﻱ ﻧﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ ،54%‬ﻟﻴﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪8‬‬
‫‪ 34‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺘﻨﻤﻮ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪417.64‬‬
‫ﻮ‬ ‫‪202‬ﻡ‪،‬‬
‫‪22024‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﻤﺔ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻂ ‪ 155.885‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻓﻲ ‪20‬‬
‫‪20‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻗﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪ‬‫‪029 – 2019‬‬‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻓﻲ ‪2029‬ﻡ ﺑﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻧﻤﺎء ﺳﻨﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ‪ 53.99%‬ﺧﻼﻝ ‪9‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﻨﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 393‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﺑﺤﻠﻮﻮﻝ ‪2025‬ﻡ ﺑﻨﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻧﻤﺎء ﺳﻨﻮﻮﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ‬
‫‪ 27‬ﺑﻠﻴﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻋﺎﺎﻡ ‪2018‬ﻡ؛ ﻭﺳ‬
‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ‪.69.4%‬‬

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 ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎء ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻧﺪﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺗﻐﻴّﺮ‬‫ﻳﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﺪﻡﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴّﺮﺍﺕ ﺐ‬
‫ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﻗﺪ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﺕ ﺷﺮﻛﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺇﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴّّﺔ ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺹ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻟﺒﻘﺎء ﻓﻲ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺿﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﻗﺮﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴّﺔ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﻌﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺤﺪﺛﺖ ﻣﺒﺘﻜﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﺴﻮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺓ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺰﺰ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺒﺒﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺓ ً ﻳُﻤﻌﻌﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻭ ﺗﺴﻮﻮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻣﻮﻅﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﻟﻺﻋ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮﺯﺯﺍﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻢ ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺪﻋ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻏﺎﻣﺮﺓ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴّّﺔ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺔ ﻝ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻗﺪﺭﺭﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴ‬

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‫ﺼﻮﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺃﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺩﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺑﻌﺪﺳﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﻡ ﻭﺭﻕ ﻣﻘَ ّﻮﻯ ﻭﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻋﺮﺮﺽ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻁﺔ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠ‬‫ﺑﺒﺴﺎﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ‪ .‬ﻭﺗُﻌَﺪ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﻰ ﻫﺎﺗﻒ ﺫﻛﻲ‪ ،،‬ﺃﻭ ﺣﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﺟ‬ ‫ﺕ ُﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻖ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺻﻨﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻓﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ً ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺛﻨﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻲ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺐ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻮﻟﺖ‬
‫ﻯ‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺭﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﻒ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺠ‬
‫ﱠﺰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻴﺪﻳﻮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻰ‬‫ﻟﺼﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻜﺘﻴﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺼ‬‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬

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14
 ‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ً ﺍﻻﻓﺘﻘﺎﺭ ﻰ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺒﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺒ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻷ‬
‫ﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬

‫ﺿﻲ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺪﻡ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺭﺭﺍﺳﺨﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺨﺎﻭﻑ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﻭﺑﻂء ﺗﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬

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‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴّﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻟﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺠﺮﺮﻳﺒﻴّﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﻭﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﺗﺨ‬
‫ء‬ ‫ﺴﻦ ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍء ﻭﻣﻌﺪﱠﻻﺕ ﺩﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎً‪ .‬ﻭﻭﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً‪ ،‬ﺑﻴّﻨﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤ ﱡ‬
‫ﺿﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻳُﻌﺰَ ﻯ ﻫﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﻌﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﻗﺒﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻋﻮﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺘﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻟﻬﺎﺎ ﻋﻴﻮﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴّﺔ‬

‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋ‬

‫“ﺗﻲ ﻳﻳﻮ ﺁﻱ”‬

‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴّﺔ‬‫“ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮﻮ ﺁﻱ‪ ،” (Touristiik Union International TUI‬ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺎﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ( ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴ‬
‫ﺴﻔﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻁﻬﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻢ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ ‪ 18.5‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﻮﻮﺭﻭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪2017‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﻧﺸ‬ ‫ﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺤ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬
‫‪2016‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻮﻋﺔ ﺟﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻓﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ‪6‬‬ ‫ﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺴ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﺮﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺩﻕ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻳﻮ ﺁﻱ” ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺑﺼ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳّﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗُﻄﺒّﻖ “ﺗﻲ ﻮ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺮﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﻋ‬
‫ﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻟﻤﻄﺎﻋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻨﺘﺠﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺣ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ‪ 360‬ﺩﺭﺭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻤﻜﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺑﺰ‬
‫ﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴّّﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﻮﺍﻁﺊ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻴﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻣﻣﺼﺤﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪَﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺃﺃﻭ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ً ﻹﻳﻤﺎءﺍﺍﺕ ﺭﺅﻭﺳﻬﻢ ﻟﻟﻴﺘﺤﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺠ‬
‫ﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻳُﺴ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻄﺔ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺟ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄ‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﺳﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﻐﻴﻴﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ ﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺗﺬﺍﻛﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻟﻤﺴﺮﺣﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻬﻴﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳُﻈ ِﻬﺮ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻣﻜﻨﺔ ﺟ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ً ﺍﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﻜﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺤﻴﻦ ﻦ‬
‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺠ ِ ّ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺅﻳﺔ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺜﺜﺎ ً ﺗﺨﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﻡ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺎﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻊ “ﻣﺎﻳﻮﺭﻛﺎ” ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻠ‬
‫ﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺪﻭﻥ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻓﺮﺩ ّ‬ ‫ﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨ‬

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 ‫“ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﻧﺎ”‬
‫ﺕ ﺭﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺟﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺒﺮ ﻣﺘﺼ ِﻔّﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻀﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ “ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﺎ )‪” (Aldiaana‬ﻟﻘﻀ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ “ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﺎ” ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ “ﺩﻳﻳﺠﻴﻤﻴﺪﻳﺎ ”‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴّﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺗُﻘﺪّﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻻ‬
‫ﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬

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‫)‪(Digimedia‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘ ِﺪّﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ “ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ ﺁﻱ” ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ ‪ 360‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺩﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺗﺘﺒﱡﻊ ﻭﺗﻴﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﺠﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻗﺪ ﺣﺠﺰﻭﺍ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ّ‬

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 ‫ﺶ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒﻴﺎ”‬
‫“ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺶ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺪ ﻭﻣﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﺬﻫﺎﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﺗُﻌﺪﱡ ﺷﺮﺮﻛﺔ “ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺶ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒﻴﺎ” ﺭﺍﺋﺋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻅﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
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 ‫ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ؛ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺨﺪﻣﺘﻪ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ً ﺗﺮﺮﻭﻳﺠﻴّﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺩﻳﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ‬‫ﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴّﺔ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻮﻻ‬
‫ﻄﻊ ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﺑﺰﺍﻭﻳﻳﺔ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ‪ 360‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﺭﺭﺏ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻣﻘﻄ‬‫ﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ ّ‬‫ﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻ‬ ‫‪22014‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺗﺠ‬
‫ﺤﻈﺎﺕ‬‫ﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻟﺤ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻲ ﻟﺨﻴ‬ ‫ﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ؛ ﻣﻊ ﻋﻨﺼ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺩﺉ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻴﺔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺳ‬
‫ﻁﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺎﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﻟﻖ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻳﻜﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺮﻛﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﺨﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻄ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﻣﻨﻈﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺟ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮﺯﺍﺕ ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺰﺍﻧﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻘﻴﺔﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﻔﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻴﺮ”‬
‫“ﻧﺎﻓﻴﺘﻴ‬
‫‪1993‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘّﺨﺬ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺬ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻄﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﻻً ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺒﺘﻜﺮﺮﺓ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺨ‬
‫ﺗﻘ ِﺪّﻡ “ﻧﺎﻓﻴﺘﻴﺮ )‪” (Navviter‬ﺣﻠﻮﻻ‬
‫ﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﺄﺑﺄﻛﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻘﺪّﻡ ﺣﻠﻮﻻً ﻭﺧﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻈ‬ ‫ﻛﺔ ﻧﻬﺠﺎ ً ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎﺎ ً ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺮﺍﺿ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺗﺄﺟﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺸﻐّﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤ‬
‫ﺤﺮﻳّﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌَﺒﱠﺎﺭﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺩﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻼﺭﺗﺪﺍء‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺗﻄ‬
‫ﺕ ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻮﺫﺕ ﺍﻟﺸ‬
‫ﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻋﺒﺮﺮ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻗﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺠﺰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺨﻔﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺃﻧﻤﻮﺫﺫﺝ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﻟﻜﻴﻔﻴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺠ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﻛﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻘﻔﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻖ ﻳﺮﺗﺪﻭﻭﻥ ﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬
‫ﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻣﺘّﺼﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ً ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬
‫ﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬‫ﻲ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿ ّ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺳﺢ ﺿﻮﻮﺋ ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢﻢ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﺍء ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺮﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﻋﻠ‬
‫ﺳﻘﺎﻁ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺭﻣﺰﻳﺔ ﺗﻤﺜّﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ ﻓﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔّﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ‪ .‬ﻮ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻮﻓّﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺠﺰﺰﻫﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﺳ‬
‫ﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻟﺤﺠﺰ ﻣﺜﻞ “ﺃﺃﻭﺩﻱ” ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻮﻣﻲ ٍ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺸ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ً ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﺠﺰ ﻣﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻣﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺗﻤﺜﻴ ٍﻞ‬
‫“ﻻﻣﺒﻮﻮﺭﺟﻴﻨﻲ‪”.‬‬

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tuigroup [Link]
aldiana..com
[Link]
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