MTL506 - Complex Analysis
Tutorial Sheet - 3
1. By using sufficient criterion for differentiablity, show that these functions are entire:
(a) f (z) = 3x + y + i(3y − x) (b) f (z) = (z 2 − 2)e−x e−iy .
2. Check whether the limit lim ez exists or not.
z→∞
3. Prove that Log : C \ {0} → C defined by
y
arctan x , x > 0,
y
arctan x + π, x < 0, y ≥ 0,
Log(z) := ln(|z|) + iArg(z), where Arg(z) = arctan xy − π, x < 0, y < 0,
π
2, x = 0, y > 0,
− π2 , x = 0, y < 0,
is not continuous for z satisfying Re(z) ≤ 0 and Im(z) = 0.
4. Compute the value of Log(eiπ ) and Log(ei2π ). Check whether Log(ez ) = z, z ̸= 0 holds
or not. If not, then give the neccessary and sufficient conditions so that Log(ez ) = z
holds true.
5. Let α be a positive real number. Show that Log(αz) = ln(α) + Log(z) for all z ̸= 0.
What can we say if α is a negative real number or a complex number?
6. Examine whether: (a) 1 Log(1 + i)2 = 2Log(1 + i) (b) Log(i3 ) = 3Log(i).
7. Suppose f : G → C is a branch of the logarithm and that n is an integer. Prove that
z n = exp(nf (z)).
8. Let z1 , z2 , . . . , zn be complex numbers such that Rezk > 0 and Re(z1 z2 . . . zk ) > 0, for
all k = 1, . . . , n. Show that
Log(z1 z2 . . . zn ) = Logz1 + Logz2 + · · · + Logzn .
9. Let 0 < a < b and 0 ≤ α1 < α2 ≤ π. Find the image of the region
S = {z : a ≤ |z| ≤ b, α1 ≤ Arg(z) ≤ α2 },
under the mapping f (z) = Log(z).
10. Find the branches of z α , when
a) α is an integer,
b) α is rational,
c) α is irrational.,
d) α = a + ib, a and b are real, b ̸= 0.
11. Show that if z ̸= 0 and a is a real number, then |z a | = |z|a , where principle value of z a
is to be taken.
√
12. Find the principal values of: (a) ii (b) [ 2e (−1 − 3i)]3πi (c) (1 − i)4i .
13. Let G = C \ {z = x + iy ∈ C : y = 0 and x ≤ 0} and let n be a positive integer. Find
all the analytic functions f : G → C such that z = (f (z))n .
1
Log is the principal branch of logarithm with arugemnt between −π and π.
1
√
14. Give the principal branch of the function f (z) = 1 − z.
√
15. Define a region where f (z) = 1 + ez is analytic.
16. Show that if f is a branch of z a+b , then there exists branch g of z a and h of z b such
that f = gh. Is it also true that if f is a branch of z a and g is a branch of z b , then f g
is a branch of z a+b ?
17. Prove that there is no branch of logarithm defined on C \ {0}.
(Hint: Proceed by contradiction. Assume that there is such a branch and then compare
it with the principal branch.)
18. Does there exist an analytic function f = u + iv : G → C for some open set G in C
such that for all z = x + iy ∈ G
(a) u(x, y) = x2 − 2y (b) u(x, y) = y 3 − 3x2 y.
19. Let u : Ω → C be a harmonic function and all second order partial derivatives of u are
continuous on Ω, where Ω is an open and connected set in C. Show that ux −iuy : Ω → C
is analytic.
20. Let D be an open and connected set and f = u + iv : D → C be an analytic function.
Show that f is constant if any of the following holds:
(a) f ′ (z) = 0 ∀ z ∈ D.
(b) Either u or v is constant.
(c) |f | is constant.
(d) au + bv = c for some a, b, c ∈ C.
(e) Arg(f ) is constant.
(f) Range(f ) lies on a circle or a line.
(g) u is harmonic conjugate of v and v is harmonic conjugate of u.