Workbook

Module 2

Vowel Sounds

by
Joanne Rudling
from
[Link]
Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Spelling won’t improve itself, but

it will improve if you
use it, practise it, think about it, notice it and
love it

Download or print this workbook and work on your

spelling when you’re offline, or haven’t got access to a
computer or Internet.

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Module 2 – vowel sounds

The 20 vowel sounds & their letter patterns page 5

Letter pattern poem page 28
Short vowel sounds page 30
short ‘i’ and ‘e’ sound word contrasts page 34
short ‘e’ and ‘a’ sound word contrasts page 35
-ell /-ill/-all /-ull page 38
exercise short vowel ‘i’ page 41
exercise short vowel ‘e’ page 43
exercise short vowel ‘a’ page 45
exercise short vowel ‘u’ page 47
exercise short vowel ‘o’ page 49

long “a” & “i” word contrasts page 41

exercise long “oo” page 57
-ea- page 59
ie or ei page 58

long and short vowel sounds page 83

Various Exercises page 88

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Vowel sounds and their letter patterns

Every word, and every syllable within a word, must have a vowel
sound, otherwise we would not be able to say or hear words
clearly at all. – Lyn Stone linguist & literacy specialist

There are 5 vowels a, e, i, o, u (sometimes y is a vowel too

depending on its position in a word. ) But there are 20 sounds to
go with these vowels and over a hundred ways to spell the
sounds.

We’re going to look at the 20 sounds and how these sounds are
spelt. *Be careful though some letters and letter patterns can make
different sounds and are in more than one of the groups.

Of course there are many different English accents. This list is

based on British English. However, within Britain the sounds can
vary considerably.

The other letters, b,c,d,k, l, m… are called consonants.

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

The 20 vowel sounds are:

7 x short sounds
a – add
e – egg
i- ill
o – hot
u- up
“schwa” another/ teacher
uu book

5 x long sounds
“ar” – car
“ee” – green
“er” – first
“or” – door
“oo” blue

8 x long sound diphthongs = 2 vowels in 1 sound

“a” – ay – day
“i” – ie – eye
“air” – chair
“o” – oe – toe
“oy”/”oi” – boy
“ou”/”ow” – house
“ear” – dear
“ure” – cure

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

1. Short a sound “ah” – apple, bat, man

-a- sat, cat, have, mad, can, hand, banner, marry, national,
camera, has...
a- apple, angry, ankle, arid...

also:
-ai- plait, plaid
-i- meringue
silent l – salmon
(some accents) laugh, bath, glass

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

2. Long a sound “ay” – able, day, name, April

-a bacon, able, sale

-ay day, stay, may
-ai aid, rain, paid
-ey prey, grey, they
-eigh weigh, eight, weight, freight
-ea- great, break, steak
-age age, rage, page

also:
-ei- vein, veil, reign, rein, beige
-ae reggae, sundae, Gaelic
-ee endings matinee, fiancee, soiree
-e cafe
-au- gauge
-et ballet
-er dossier

*American difference - gray for grey

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Notice the magic ‘ e’/silent ‘e’ at the end of these patterns that
makes the ‘a’ say it’s name “a” long:

able/ table
bathe / gave
name / game / came
take / make / cake
sale / tale / male
age /rage

Listen or say these and notice the short sound and long sounds
can / cane
rat / rate
pan / pane
at / ate
hat / hate
tap / tape
mad / made
rag / rage

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

3. Short e sound “eh” – egg, bet, bread

-e- ten, egg, red

-ea- bread, head, read “red” (past tense of read)
-a- many, any
-u- bury
-ai- said
-ie- friend
-ei- leisure, Leicester, heifer
-eo- leopard, jeopardy

also:
-ue- guess
unstressed: says, again

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

4. Long e sound ”ee” – green, feed, eat

-e me, he, she, we, be

-e- metre, secret, detail, gene, create
-ee- tree, free, glee, feed
-ea- eat, meat, please
e+consonant+e these, complete, delete
-ey key, money, geyser,
consonant+y country, baby, thankfully, city, happy
-ie- thief, achieve, relief
-ei- receive, receipt, deceit
-eo- people

also:
-ay- quay
-ine machine
ski
karaoke

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

5. Short i sound “i” – sit , inch, busy

-i- little, insect, sit

-y- symbol, typical, myth
-e- England, pretty, debate
-u- busy, business
-ui- build, guild, biscuit
-o- women
-ie- sieve, (some accents mischief)
-ei- forfeit, counterfeit, foreign
-ain bargain, mountain, fountain
-age damage, bondage, passage
-et hatchet, target, poet

also:
-a- orange
been “bin” unstressed
-u- minute, lettuce

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

6. Long i sound ”eye” – ice, die, why

-i- kind, I, I’m

i+consonant+e time, tiger, white, silent
-y- try, type, hyphen, clarify
-igh- high, night, flight
-ie- tie, lie, skies
-eigh- height, sleight
-ye eye, dye, bye
-uy buy, guy,
-ei- heist, either*, neither * *can be pronounced with long e or
long i
silent h +y thyme, rhyme

also:
-ui- guide
-ae- maestro
-ai- aisle (silent s)
isle (silent s)

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

7. Short o sound “o” – not, cough, gone

-o- on, box, blog

-a- (after ‘w’ or ‘q’) want, what, quality squash
o+consonant+e gone, shone, opera, operate
-ou- cough, trough
-au- sausage, laurel

also:
-a- yacht

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

9. Short u sound ”uh” – fun, come, does

-u- fun, but, umbrella

-o- (especially before n, m, th, v) come, above, wonder,
love (these used to be spelt with a ‘u’ but because of slanting
writing in Medieval times the ‘u’ caused confusion with n, m, th,
v and ‘u’ was changed to ‘o’)

-oe- does
-oo- blood, flood
-ou- touch, couple, country, cousin
-ough tough, enough, rough

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

10. Long “oo” sound - moon, blue, new

-oo- school, too, soon

oo+consonant+e choose, loose, goose
u+consonant+e rude, include, June
o+consonant+e whose, move, prove
-ew grew, few, blew jewel
-ue true, blue, tissue
-ou- you, coupon, soup
-o do, to/too,/two, who
-ui- juice, suit, fruit, nuisance
-oe shoe, canoe
-eu leukaemia, lieu, queue
-u- truth, flute, rule
-ough through
-omb (silent b) tomb, womb

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

11. Short u sound ”uu” (said in the back of mouth see other u
sound) - put, book, should

-oo- book, good, took

-u- put, full, push, pudding, sugar
-ou- could, should, would, courier
-o- woman, wolf, bosom, Worcester

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

12. Long “er” sound - early, burn, bird

-ir- girl, bird, thirty

-ur- burn, urgent, burst
-er- verb, certain, stern
-ear- early, earth, heard, learn
-or- (after w) word, worst, worse, worth

also:
-our- journey, courteous
colonel

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

13. Long “ar” sound – car, arms, calm (some accents – fast, bath,
glass)

-ar- car, hardly, bar

-a- father, gala, sonata
-al- (silent L) half, almond, palm
are are
-er- clerk, sergeant, Derby
-au- aunt, draught, laugh
-ea- heart, hearth
-a- (in some accents) ask, castle, glass
-aa baa, bazaar
-ah blah

also:
bizarre
guard
catarrh

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

8. Long o sound “oe” – toe, snow, home

-o- go, sold, odour

-oe toe, doe, hoe
-oa- goal, boat, soak
o+consonant+e broke, hole, home
-ow- slow, own, grow
-ou- shoulder, mould, smoulder
-ough though, although, dough
-ol- folk, told, hole
-ew- sew, sewed
-eau bureau, plateau, gâteau, tableau

also:
-oo- brooch
-au- mauve
Oh!
pharaoh
yeoman

Notes/other words:

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14. Long “oy” sound – boy, oil, oyster

-oy- toy, enjoy, oyster

-oi- oil, toilet, avoid

also:
lawyer
gargoyle
Freudian

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

15. Long “or” sound – door, more, law

-or- for, sport, morning

-ore- more, before, core
-al(l)- all, walk, also
-aw- law, awful, straw
-au- autumn, saucer, August
-ar (after w and q) war, water, quarter
-ou- tourist, court, ought
-ough- thought, sought, brought
-augh- daughter, caught, taught
-our four, pour, your
-oa- oar, board, hoard
-oor floor, door

Notes/other words:

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16. Long “ou” “ow” sound – now, out, house

-ow- now, powder, how

-ou- round, out, loud
-ouse house, mouse, spouse, trousers
-ough plough, bough

Notes/other words:

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17. Long “air” sound - air, wear/where, their/there/they’re

-ar- wary, various, glare, scare

-air air, hair, chair, stairs, millionaire, dairy
-are care, share, square
-ear wear, pear, tear (rip), swear
-ere there, where, therefore, werewolf
-ayer layer, prayer
-ayor mayor
ae- aerial, aeroplane
-eir their, heir

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

18. Long “ear” sound - ear, idea, here/hear

-ear hear, disappear, year, beard

-eer beer, engineer, cheer, eerie
-er- (before another vowel) here, cereal, zero, serious, series
-ier- cashier, pier, fierce
-eir- weird, weir
-ea- idea, dreary, cereal

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

19. Long “ure” sound – cure, tour, fuel

-u- rural, jury, plural

-ur- lure, purity, curing
-ure sure*, cure, pure
-our tour
-oor poor* * 2 ways to pronounce this

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

20. The “schwa” sound – the most common vowel sound in

British English – teacher, doctor, about, the, a

The “schwa” vowel sound occurs in unstressed syllables. You never stress it.
We say it at the beginning, middle or end of words.

“uh” sound: teacher = “teach uh”, alert = “uh lert”,

picture = “pic chuh” doctor = “doc tuh”, September = “Septem buh”

a- away, among, alive, alert

-a sofa, quota, data, visa, cinema
-er sister, better, teacher
-re metre, centre, theatre (American - meter/center/
theater)
-ar grammar, calendar, collar
-or doctor, mirror, actor
-our colour, odour, savour (American - color/odor/savor)
-ur- Saturday
-ure picture, measure, seizure
-o- police, polite, collect, potato, tomato
per- perhaps, persuade, pervasive, permission
co- contain, conceal, commit, compare
to- together, towards, tomorrow
-ous generous, credulous, frivolous

Notes/other words:

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

There are quite a lot of English vowel sounds and it’s up to you
to keep listening and distinguishing the individual sounds and
their patterns.

It’s all about getting your ears attuned to the sounds and
putting the patterns to the sounds, so don’t get stressed if you
can’t hear the different sounds.

Keep listening and hopefully you’ll slowly become attuned to

them and develop your visual memory for the right spellings, as
well.

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

This is a famous anonymous poem about the strangeness of

English spelling vs pronunciation.

I take it you already know

Of tough and cough and dough?
But what about, hiccough, thorough and through?

Beware of heard, a dreadful word

That looks like beard and sounds like bird,
And dead: it’s said like bed, not bead –
For goodness sake don’t call it ‘deed‘

Watch out for meat and great and threat…

They rhyme with suite and straight and debt.
(meat-suite, great-straight, threat-debt.)

There isn’t a moth in mother,

Nor both in bother, or broth in brother,

And here is not in there

But ear is in dear and fear
But not in bear and pear;

And then there’s dose and rose

But lose, goose and choose,

And cork and work and card and ward,

And font and front and word and sword,

And do and go and thwart and cart –

Come, come, I’ve hardly made a start!
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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Letter pattern Exercise

Write out the words that have the following letter patterns in
the poem:

-ough

-ea-

-oth-

-eat

-ear

-ose

-or-

-ar-

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise

Ways of spelling short vowel sounds

Short vowel sounds are usually quite simple to spell. Most of

the time you need just one letter. But there are a few traps!

Look at these words and underline the letters where the vowel
sound is spelt:

for example: red but dead

fed but said
mist but mystery
on but swan
nutty but nothing
bed but head
Jim but gym
rod but squad
bubble but trouble
posh but wash
Jeff but deaf
him but hymn
much but touch
hot but what

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 Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise answers

Ways of spelling short vowel sounds

Short vowel sounds are usually quite simple to spell. Most of

the time you need just one letter. But there are a few traps!

Look at these words and spot how the vowel sound is spelt in
each case:

fed but said

mist but mystery
on but swan
nutty but nothing
bed but head
Jim but gym
rod but squad
bubble but trouble
posh but wash
Jeff but deaf
him but hymn
much but touch
hot but what

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

short “i” & short “e” sound word contrasts

pit - pet
fill - fell
wit - wet
sit - set
win - when
will - well
hill - hell
till - tell
bill - bell
sill - sell, cell
bit - bet
did - dead
pin - pen
bid - bed
hid - head
mint - meant
itch - etch
din - den
sinned - send
tinned - tend
miss - mess
big - beg
it - ate
lid - led, lead (metal)
tin - ten
chick - check, cheque
lit - let
lift - left

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise
short “i” & “e” sound word contrasts

Fill in the missing words

pit - pet
fill - ____
wit - ____
sit - ____
win - ____
will - ____
till - ____
bill - ____
bit - ____
did - ____
pin - ____
bid - ____
hid - ____
mint - ____
miss - ____
big - ____
it - ____
tin - ____
chick - ____, ____
lit - ____
lift - ____

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise Answers
short “i” & “e” sound word contrasts
Fill in the missing words

pit - pet
fill - fell
wit - wet
sit - set
win - when
will - well
till - tell
bill - bell
bit - bet
did - dead
pin - pen
bid - bed
hid - head
mint - meant
miss - mess
big - beg
it - ate
tin - ten
chick - check, cheque
lit - let
lift - left

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

short ‘e’ & ‘a’ sound word contrasts

men - man
bet - bat
ten - tan
leg - lag
bed - bad
pet - pat
said - sad
set - sat
pen - pan
met - mat
head - had
bend - band, banned
mess - mass
rent - rant
send - sand
shell - shall
beg - bag
ketchup - catch up
guessed, guest - gassed
lend - land
blend - bland
peck - pack
gem - jam
merry - marry
kettle - cattle
a rebel - rabble

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise
short ‘e’ & ‘a’ sound word contrasts

Fill in the missing words

men - ____
bet - ____
ten - ____
bed - ____
pet - ____
said - ____
set - ____
pen - ____
met - ____
head - ____
send - ____
shell - ____
beg - ____
ketchup - ____ __
lend - ____
blend - ____
peck - ____
merry - ____
kettle - ____
a rebel - ____

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Exercise Answers
short ‘e’ & ‘a’ sound word contrasts

Fill in the missing words

men - man
bet - bat
ten - tan
bed - bad
pet - pat
said - sad
set - sat
pen - pan
met - mat
head - had
send - sand
shell - shall
beg - bag
ketchup - catch up
lend - land
blend - bland
peck - pack
merry - marry
kettle - cattle
a rebel - rabble

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

-ell / -ill / -all / -ull

Notice how all these words have 1 syllable + 1 vowel so we
double the end L. (always exceptions: pal)

-ell -ill -all -ull

bell bill ball bull
cell cill call cull
dell dill — dull
dwell — — —
fell fill fall full
hell hill hall hull
— ill all —
— mill mall mull
— pill pall pull
quell quill — —
sell sill — —
smell — small —
spell spill spall —
swell swill — —
tell till tall —
well will wall —
— still stall —
shell shilling shall —

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise - fill in the missing words

-ell / -ill / -all / -ull

Notice how all these words have 1 syllable + 1 vowel so we
double the end L. (always exceptions: pal)

-ell -ill -all -ull

bell ___ ball bull
___ cill ___ cull
___ ___ ___ ___
___ ___ ___ ___
___ ___ ___ xxx
___ ___ ___ xxx

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise - fill in the missing words

-ell / -ill / -all / -ull

Notice how all these words have 1 syllable + 1 vowel so we
double the end L. (always exceptions: pal)

-ell -ill -all -ull

bell bill ball bull
cell cill call cull
fell fill fall full
hell hill hall hull
tell till tall xxx
well will wall xxx

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Exercise
Write the words with the short vowel sound and letter ‘i’

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

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Exercise
Write the words with the short vowel i

pills

lips

zip / zipper

bin / rubbish bin

kid

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Exercise Write the words with short vowel sound and letter ‘e’

___________

___________

___________

question - Monday? 6.30? 10th? wh_______

one man, two_____

animals at home
________________
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Exercise answers Write the words with short vowel sound ‘e’

bed

ten

pen

question - Monday? 6.30? 10th? when

one man, two men

animals at home =
pets
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Exercise - write the words with short vowel sound & letter ‘a’

He’s so ______

a ___

a _______

I live in a ________

I always eat a __________ for lunch

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Exercise - answers

He’s so sad

a can

a hand

I live in a flat / or / apartment

I always eat a sandwich for lunch

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Exercise Short vowel sound and letter U

 

  ________
     

4 x 2 = 8 _______

_______

_______

He’s _________ to the toilet.

A _______ with her child.

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Answers Short vowel sound and letter U

 

        sun
4x2=8 sum

cut

jug

He’s running to the toilet.

A mum with her child.

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Exercise Short vowel sound and letter ‘o’

She’s ____ the phone and the computer.

She’s holding an __________

Out ____ Order

xxx

She’s _______ too many ________.

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Exercise Answers Short vowel sound and letter ‘o’

She’s on the phone and the computer.

She’s holding an orange.

xxx Out of Order

She’s opened too many boxes.

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long “a” & “i” word contrasts

“ay” & “eye”

day - die /dye

may - my
pay - pie
say - sigh
bay - by /buy/bye
gay - guy
hay - high
lay - lie
ray - rye/wry
tray - try
array - awry
stay - sty/stye
play - ply
slay/sleigh - sly
pray/prey - pry
way/weigh/whey - why/Y
wait/weight - white

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Spelling Patterns & Pronunciation Masterclass - Module 2 [Link]

Exercise

long “a” & “i” word contrasts

“ay” & “eye”

Fill in the missing words

day - die /dye

may - _____
pay - _____
say - _____
bay - _____ /_____/____
gay - _____
hay - _____
lay - _____
tray - _____
play - _____
slay/sleigh - _____
pray/prey - _____
way/weigh/whey - _____/_____
wait/weight - _____

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Exercise Answers

long “a” & “i” word contrasts

“ay” & “eye”

Fill in the missing words

day - die /dye

may - my
pay - pie
say - sigh
bay -by / buy / bye
gay - guy
hay - high
lay - lie
tray - try
play - ply
slay/sleigh - sly
pray/prey - pry
way/weigh/whey - why/Y
wait/weight - white

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long “a” & “i” word contrasts 2

“ay” & “eye”

ale/ail - isle/I'll/aisle

tale/tail - tile
male/mail - mile
pale/pail - pile
whale/wail - while

bate/bait - bite
fate - fight
mate - might
rate - right/write
hate - height
spate - spite
slate - slight

tame - time/thyme
lame - lime
wade - wide

shade - shied
lake - like
paint - pint
freight - fright
raise/rays - rise

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Exercise
long “a” & “i” word contrasts 2
“ay” & “eye”

Fill in the missing words

1. ale/ail - isle/I'll/aisle

tale/tail - ____
male/mail - ____
whale/wail - ____

2. bate/bait - bite

fate - ____
mate - ____
rate - ____/____

3. tame - time/thyme

lake - ____
paint - ____
freight - ____
raise/rays - ____
laid - ____

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Exercise Answers
long “a” & “i” word contrasts 2
“ay” & “eye”

Fill in the missing words

1. ale/ail - isle/I'll/aisle

tale/tail - tile
male/mail - mile
whale/wail - while

2. bate/bait - bite

fate - fight
mate - might
rate - right /write

3. tame - time/thyme

lake - like
paint - pint
freight - fright
raise/rays - rise
laid - lied

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Exercise Words with double o and long oo sound

__________

___________

___________

_____________

___________

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Exercise Words with double o and long oo sound

spoon

moon

balloons

boot

school

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-ea- letter pattern

There are 8 sounds for the -ea- pattern

7 long sounds/ 1 short sound

Exercise - read this sentence aloud:

I hear that an early breakfast of peaches, pears and steak is good

for the heart.

Can you hear the 7 sounds in the sentence above? What are they?

Put the 7 words in the right place below:

short sound -
long “e” “see” -
long “ay” “say” -
long “ear” sound - hear
long “ur”‘fur” -
long “er” “sir” -
long “ar” “are” -

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-ea- letter pattern

Exercise Answers

I hear that an early breakfast of peaches, pears and steak is good

for the heart.

Can you hear the 7 sounds in the sentence above? What are they?

Put the 7 words in the right place:

short sound - breakfast

long “e” “see” - peaches
long “ay” “say” - steak
long “ear” sound - hear
long “ur”‘fur” - early,
long “er” “sir” - pear
long “ar” “are” - heart

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-ea- letter pattern

(long “e”) ear (short “e” sound) head
(long “e”sound) eat
hear bread
each
year breakfast
ease
clear breath
easy
near health
east
fear wealth
tea
tear (cry) read (past tense-”red”)
teach
clear heavy
teacher
dear dead
peach
rear death
beach
beard meant
breathe
smear tread
read
idea thread
heat
dreary dread
seat
endearing breast
neat
bleary spread
meat
cereal jealous
wheat
zealous
defeat
measure
repeat
treasure
meal
weather
steal
reveal
team
leak
weak
lean
clean
mean
heap
season
release
queasy
leave
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(long “ur”) earth (long “er”) pear (long “ar”) heart

early tear ( rip) hearth
earn wear heartfelt
pearl bear hearty
learn unbearable
yearn swear
search
heard
earnest
earth

(long “a”) (also long “oo”) beauty

steak beautiful
break beautician
great

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Exercise - letter pattern ‘ea’

Complete the gap fill with words with ‘ea’ in them:

• seasons easy tea meals speaking year

• weather health head wears

• learn search

1. Something hot to drink that English people always have -

______.

2. Breakfast, lunch, dinner are ___________

3. British people always talk about the _____________ and

always carry an umbrella with them.

4. My _________ is very good, I don’t go to the doctor at

all.

5. My ______________ is good but my writing is poor.

6. Winter, summer, spring and summer are _________

7. The opposite of difficult is ___________

8. Twelve months = a _______________

9. Google is a __________ engine.

10. She always __________ skirts.

11. My _________ hurts, I think I’m getting a migraine.

12. I want to ________ how to spell well.

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Exercise Answers- letter pattern ‘ea’

1. Something hot to drink that English people always have. tea

2. Breakfast, lunch, dinner are meals

3. British people always talk about the weather and always

carry an umbrella with them.

4. My health is very good, I don’t go to the doctor at all.

5. My speaking is good but my writing is poor.

6. Winter, summer, spring and summer are seasons

7. Opposite of difficult is easy.

8. Twelve months = a year.

9. Google is a search engine.

10. Joanne always wears skirts.

11. My head hurts, I think I’m getting a migraine.

12. I want to learn how to spell well.

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Exercise

Which one is correct?

1. a. recieve b. receive

2. a. ancient b. anceint

3. a. friend b. freind

4. a. hieght b. height

5. a. reciept [Link]

6. a. patient b. pateint

7. a. peice b. piece

8. a. believe b. beleive

9. a. relief b. releif

10. a. conceieve b. conceive

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Exercise Answers

Which one is correct?

1. a. recieve b. receive

2. a. ancient b. anceint

3. a. friend b. freind

4. a. hieght b. height

5. a. reciept [Link]

6. a. patient b. pateint

7. a. peice b. piece

8. a. believe b. beleive

9. a. relief b. releif

10. a. conceieve b. conceive

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Exercise

Fill in with either -ie- or -ei-

1. ach__ve
2. bel__ve
3. ch__f
4. pat__nce
5. for__gn
6. __ther
7. w__gh
8. __ght
9. rec__ve
10. conc__t
11. qu__t
12. n__ghbour (or n__ghbor American)

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Exercise Answers

Fill in either -ie- or -ei-

1. achieve
2. believe
3. chief
4. patience
5. foreign
6. either
7. weigh
8. eight
9. receive
10. conceit
11. quiet
12. neighbour (or neighbor American)

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vowel sounds – word-contrasts

long vowel sound short vowel sounds

bean bin Ben ban bun

beat bit bet bat but

bead bid bed bad bud

feed fid fed fad fudge

heel hill hell Hal hull

peak pick peck pack puck

seat sit set sat shut

lead lid led lad Luddite

peat pit pet pat put

heed hid head had hud

seed Sid said sad suds

reach rich wretch ratchet ____

meat mitt met mat mutt

neat knit net gnat nut

reek rick wreck rack ruck

keen kin Ken can come

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Exercise fill in the gaps

long vowel sound short vowel sounds

bean ___ Ben ___ bun

beat bit ___ bat ___

bead ___ ___ ___ bud

feed fid ___ fad fudge

heel ___ ___ Hal ___

peak ___ peck ___ puck

seat ___ ___ ___ shut

lead lid led lad Luddite

peat ___ pet ___ ___

heed hid ___ ___ hud

seed Sid ___ ___ suds

reach ___ wretch ratchet xxxx

meat mitt ___ ___ mutt

neat knit ___ gnat ___

reek rick wreck ___ ___

keen ___ Ken ___ ___

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Exercise Answers

long vowel sound short vowel sounds

bean bin Ben ban bun

beat bit bet bat but

bead bid bed bad bud

feed fid fed fad fudge

heel hill hell Hal hull

peak pick peck pack puck

seat sit set sat shut

lead lid led lad Luddite

peat pit pet pat put

heed hid head had hud

seed Sid said sad suds

reach rich wretch ratchet ____

meat mitt met mat mutt

neat knit net gnat nut

reek rick wreck rack ruck

keen kin Ken can come

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Exercise - fill in the short vowel sounds

long vowel sound short vowel sounds

bean bin Ben ban bun

beat ___ ___ ___ ___

bead ___ ___ ___ ___

feed ___ ___ ___ ___

heel ___ ___ ___ ___

peak ___ ___ ___ ___

seat ___ ___ ___ ___

lead ___ ___ ___ ___

peat ___ ___ ___ ___

heed ___ ___ ___ ___

seed ___ ___ ___ ___

reach ___ ___ ___ xxx

meat ___ ___ ___ ___

neat ___ ___ ___ ___

reek ___ ___ ___ ___

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Exercise Answers

long vowel sound short vowel sounds

bean bin Ben ban bun

beat bit bet bat but

bead bid bed bad bud

feed fid fed fad fudge

heel hill hell Hal hull

peak pick peck pack puck

seat sit set sat shut

lead lid led lad Luddite

peat pit pet pat put

heed hid head had hud

seed Sid said sad suds

reach rich wretch ratchet xxx

meat mitt met mat mutt

neat knit net gnat nut

reek rick wreck rack ruck

keen kin Ken can come

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Exercise

What are the 2 missing letters?

1. gr___n (colour)
2. w___lth (riches)
3. disarr___
4. w___rd (strange)
5. sh___ld (ought to)
6. fr___l (weak)
7. d___ghter (son’s sister)
8. br___ling (fighting)
9. l___yer (solicitor)
10. t___nager (youngster)
11. recr___t (newcomer)
12. c___liflower (vegetable)
13. handkerch___f
14. rel___f (sigh of)
15. distr___ght (very upset)
16. p___ple (plural of person)
17. j___rnalist (writes for newspapers etc)
18. br___thless
19. rec___pt
20. be___tiful

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Exercise Answers

What are the 2 missing letters?

1. green (colour)
2. wealth (riches)
3. disarray
4. weird (strange)
5. should (ought to)
6. frail (weak)
7. daughter (son’s sister)
8. brawling (fighting)
9. lawyer (solicitor)
10. teenager (youngster)
11. recruit (newcomer)
12. cauliflower (vegetable)
13. handkerchief
14. relief (sigh of)
15. distraught (very upset)
16. people (plural of person)
17. journalist (writes for newspapers etc)
18. breathless
19. receipt
20. beautiful

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Exercise

Use your eyes to see which long vowel looks right.

Read the clues and circle/ underline the correct word.

1. It’s wet - rane/rain

2. Sit on it - seat / seet
3. Opposite of wet - dry /drie
4. Wash with it - sope / soap
5. Riches - fortune / fortewn
6. Travel on this - trane / train

thanks to Shireen Shuster’s Spelling Essentials

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Exercise Answers

Use your eyes to see which long vowel looks right.

Read the clues and write the correct word

1. It’s wet - rane/rain

2. Sit on it - seat / seet
3. Opposite of wet - dry /drie
4. Wash with it - sope / soap
5. Riches - fortune / fortewn
6. Travel on this - trane / train

thanks to Shireen Shuster’s Spelling Essentials

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Exercise

Change these short vowel sound words into long vowel sound
words by adding one or two letters.

e.g. hat - hate stan - stain met - meet lit - light

*Some help with where the extra words go on the other page*
1. mat
2. them
3. rip
4. not
5. tub
6. clam
7. step
8. sit
9. cot
10. nit
11. best
12. ran
13. chef
14. bed
15. rod
16. at

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Exercise

Change these short vowel sound words into long vowel sound
words by adding one or two letters.

e.g. hat - hate stan - stain met - meet lit - light

1. mat_
2. them_
3. rip_
4. not_
5. tub_
6. cla_m
7. ste_p
8. si_ _t
9. co_t
10. ni_ _t
11. be_st
12. ra_n
13. ch_ef
14. be_d
15. ro_d
16. at_

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Exercise Answers

Change these short vowel sound words into long vowel sound
words by adding one or two letters.

e.g. hat - hate stan - stain met - meet lit - light

1. mat > mate

2. them > theme
3. rip > ripe
4. not > note
5. tub > tube
6. clam > claim
7. step > steep
8. sit > sight
9. cot > coat
10. nit > night
11. best > beast
12. ran > rain
13. chef > chief
14. bed > bead
15. rod > road
16. at > ate

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Exercise - odd one out

Underline the word that has a different sound?

(don’t worry if you can’t hear the different sounds)

a. mail, tale, ball, halo

b. each, head, he, scene

c. they, pay, survey, there

d. heart, steak, break, great

e. funny, sky, alley, story

f. book, cook, food, suck

g. room, tomb, womb, lamb

h. dead, deal, diesel, decent

i. Tuesday, chew, chick, due

j. clap, claim, clam, clack

k. coupon, could, moon, June

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Exercise Answers - odd one out

Which word has a different vowel sound?

(don’t worry if you can’t hear the different sounds)

a. mail, tale, ball, halo

b. each, head, he, scene

c. they, pay, survey, there

d. heart, steak, break, great

e. funny, sky, alley, story

f. book, cook, food, suck

g. room, tomb, womb, lamb

h. dead, deal, diesel, decent

i. Tuesday, chew, chick, due

j. clap, claim, clam, clack

k. coupon, could, moon, June

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Congratulations! You’ve reached the end.

Remember to keep working on this Module

if you have trouble with vowel sounds.

And keep revisiting this book for revision and

consolidation.

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