ADAPTATION
(Variety Programing and Varieties)
Prepared by:
Joel Solomo Balindan
Objectives:
1. Identify industrial crop adapted to the region.
2. List down industrial crops with specific climate and
soil environmental requirements.
3. Identify the different varieties of industrial crops.
4. List down the different varietal characteristics
VARIETY PROGRAMING
• Agriculture is one the oldest professions but nobody seems
to perfect it. This may be due to influence to environment
where crops are exposed. If weather condition will not
favor, a good variety grown under sound cultural practices
may not be an assurance of bountiful harvest. This could be
notice in the economic yield being the resultant of the
genetic make-up of the plant plus the influence of
environment.
• Variety programming refers to the planting of different cane
variety with different characteristics to enable varieties to
be harvested in the early and late milling periods. This is
essential in order for a variety to express its maximum yield
potential
FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN VARIETY PROGRAMMING
Man cannot control weather, but could manipulate
its effect on crops. Through variety programing the
adverse effect of weather could be minimized by
determining the best planting and harvesting dates of
different sugarcane varieties based on their
agronomic characteristics.
A. Rainfall precipitation
- abundant soil moisture during ripening promote vegetative
growth at the expense of sucrose thus lowering juice quality.
Whereas. Limiting soil moisture restrict growth and facilitate
sugar storage resulted to improve juice quality.
B. Temperature
- low temperature and low range markly restrict the uptake
of N thus limiting the synthesis of new cells (growth) thereby
improving juice quality.
C. Photo period
- the optimum day length for sugarcane flowering is 12.5
hours. The shortening day-length from June every year under
Philippine condition caused the revision of apex from
vegetative to reproductive stage. Flowering varieties planted
three months before June are capable of bearing of bearing
flowers with count significantly lower than the older one.
Therefore, the age of plant of photo-inductive daylength
should be considered to minimized the adverse effect of
flowering on cane and sugar yields.
a. High sucrose
- with average tonnage canes should be planted during wet months
and should be harvested less than 12 months.
b. High tonnage
- canes should be planted during dry months and should be
harvested not to exceed 12 months.
c. Sparse
- to non-flowering and high fiber canes are preferable to withstand
late milling. Inasmuch as sucrose is being used up by the developing
tassels, flowers stalks have the tendency to become pithy when
harvested late thus reducing tonnage.
Variety in Season Program
Month of Planting/Harvesting Recommended Varieties Agronomic Characteristics
September - October Phil 6723, Phil 56226
December - February Phil 8093 High Sucrose
March - May Phil 7495
June – August Phil 7779
December – February Phil 6607 High Tonnage
December – February Phil 8013
March - May Phil 8093 Sparse to Non-flowering
Handbook on Sugarcane Growing – SRA
New Varieties Recommended For Planting
Soil Requirement of Sugarcane
Clay Loam Soil
- Suitable for area less rainfall
Sandy Loam Soil
- Suitable for area for rainfall
References
1. Handbook on Sugarcane Growing – SRA
2. [Link] ([Link])
3. Sugarcane Varieties | SRA