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# Intuitive Machines Moon Landing Explained #moonlanding
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00:00:00.240 this is the second attempt for intuitive
00:00:01.920 machines 2 named Athena to land on the
00:00:04.040 South Pole of the Moon what's
00:00:05.920 particularly notable is that this is the
00:00:07.759 first lunar lander to utilize methane
00:00:09.760 and oxygen as liquid
00:00:12.920 fuels we'll also delve into the
00:00:15.000 step-by-step process of how this works
00:00:17.000 with the Falcon 9 rocket let's not
00:00:19.680 Overlook the Russian counterparts which
00:00:21.720 utilize plutonium yes you've heard that
00:00:24.160 right a miniature nuclear reactor and
00:00:26.119 the Indian chandron lunar lander all in
00:00:28.960 the video ahead
00:00:31.960 let's delve into the key components of
00:00:33.520 the Nova
00:00:34.840 seander at the top we find the solar
00:00:37.200 array essential for recharging the
00:00:39.399 batteries just below lies the response
00:00:41.960 reaction control system employing
00:00:43.760 thrusters or reaction wheels for
00:00:45.559 attitude control and steering to move or
00:00:48.039 slow down any uncontrollable rotation of
00:00:50.520 this Lander as depicted in the animation
00:00:53.399 one of the most crucial components is
00:00:55.079 the tank housing methane and oxygen as
00:00:57.160 liquid propellants pressurized by helium
00:00:59.680 gas
00:01:00.920 this distinguishes the Nova c as one of
00:01:03.039 the few spacecraft utilizing this type
00:01:05.239 of fuel adjacent to the propellant tank
00:01:07.960 is the navigation pod descending further
00:01:10.759 we encounter the helium tank flanked by
00:01:12.880 two solar
00:01:14.080 arrays at the base is the heat shield
00:01:16.720 helping prevent the enormous amount of
00:01:18.320 heat generated when there is a landing
00:01:20.320 scenario this is the VR 900 engine
00:01:23.119 boasting as you can guessed 900 lb of
00:01:25.240 thrust and burns liquid oxygen in
00:01:27.200 methane potentially marking the first
00:01:29.240 utilization of a methane based engine in
00:01:31.640 space lastly we have the aluminum
00:01:33.840 crushed legs aiding in the landing of
00:01:35.640 this
00:01:36.320 4,200 lb lunar
00:01:39.000 lander the intuitive machine's lunar
00:01:41.399 lander boasts dimensions of 4 m in
00:01:43.720 length 1.57 m in width and a liftoff
00:01:46.920 mass of 4,200 lb measuring its six
00:01:50.520 standing legs let's take a moment to
00:01:52.680 compare its size to that of a person and
00:01:54.640 its counterparts we shouldn't Overlook
00:01:57.039 the fact that the Russian Luna 1 was the
00:01:58.759 pioneering lunar Road to touch down on
00:02:00.840 the moon's surface continuing forward we
00:02:03.320 encounter NASA's Apollo 11 marking the
00:02:05.759 inaugural lunar lander and the American
00:02:07.960 space flight that accomplished the
00:02:09.560 historic feat of Landing humans on the
00:02:11.599 moon in contrast the Chinese Chang
00:02:14.200 Tander appears notably smaller than
00:02:16.519 Apollo 11 presenting the Indi and
00:02:18.959 chandran alongside its accompanying
00:02:20.800 Rover and again the Russian Luna Lander
00:02:23.080 that crash land just a couple of gays
00:02:24.720 apart we have the Japanese aado lunar
00:02:27.319 lander although it crashed land
00:02:28.920 horizontally managed to send data back
00:02:31.040 to Earth let's take a look at how this
00:02:33.519 works step one first it needs to launch
00:02:36.480 aboard spacex's Falcon 9 rocket lifting
00:02:38.959 all from the historic launch complex at
00:02:41.000 the John of Kennedy Space Center in
00:02:42.840 Florida it will head to East following
00:02:45.959 stage separation and as a secondary
00:02:48.080 objective Falcon 9's booster will return
00:02:50.400 for a touchdown on Landing Zone one as
00:02:52.480 shown in this animation step two at
00:02:55.760 launch vehicle separation the SpaceX
00:02:57.760 fairing separates and falls down back to
00:03:00.040 Earth step three a spring Force gently
00:03:03.400 pushes Nova SE away from the launch
00:03:05.239 vehicle second stage allowing the Lander
00:03:07.480 to deploy and Drift Away toward the moon
00:03:10.560 step four the GNC system powers on the
00:03:13.480 cold gas helium reaction control system
00:03:15.840 to stabilize the vehicle's attitude
00:03:17.720 because at this point the Lander does
00:03:19.360 not know where it's pointed but it can
00:03:21.280 stop any residual spin
00:03:23.560 motion step five this is the trajectory
00:03:27.000 course maneuver where it fires the
00:03:28.680 response reaction control control system
00:03:30.400 to enter lunar orbit insertion attitude
00:03:33.599 step six another course correction is
00:03:35.799 made before it reaches the low lunar
00:03:37.480 orbit step seven this is the autopilot
00:03:40.680 setting that will hold the pitch of the
00:03:42.120 lunar lander constant when set to this
00:03:44.080 mode and at this angle step eight it is
00:03:47.400 here that the thrusters initiate the
00:03:49.040 fine breaking process Step n just before
00:03:52.480 landing it will help to use terrain
00:03:54.439 navigation scanning to determine if it's
00:03:56.439 a safe place step 10 just before landing
00:04:00.200 at approximately 30 m which translates
00:04:02.840 to 98 ft above the lunar surface the
00:04:05.720 Nova sea lunar lander will eject the
00:04:07.519 eagle cam camera equipped qat once
00:04:10.239 ejected the eagle cam will land on the
00:04:12.200 lunar surface somewhere near the Lander
00:04:14.560 from the surface the eagle cam will
00:04:16.199 attempt to capture the first third
00:04:18.040 person images of a lunar Landing Step 11
00:04:21.880 this is the terminal descend phase it is
00:04:24.080 at this stage that it uses all its
00:04:26.000 thrusters to land on the moon's surface
00:04:28.560 is one of the most important phases
00:04:30.160 since a slight miscalculation can result
00:04:32.039 in a crash if all goes according to
00:04:34.400 calculations this will be America's
00:04:36.080 second landing on the moon after more
00:04:37.840 than 50
00:04:39.199 years here's why the Nova SE lunar is
00:04:41.600 generating such attention its cost
00:04:43.479 factor is approximately $18 million this
00:04:47.479 price point stands out significantly low
00:04:49.680 when compared to other lunar Landers a
00:04:52.000 Chinese chag to cost around $219 million
00:04:55.840 adjusted to inflation it's over
00:04:57.880 $316 million
00:05:00.840 the Soviet Union Luna W in the 1960s
00:05:03.720 cost around $200 million when adjusted
00:05:06.600 to
00:05:07.919 inflation the estimated cost of the
00:05:10.120 Soviet Union Luna program in 1964 was $6
00:05:13.680 to10
00:05:15.120 billion and the most ambitious program
00:05:17.600 Apollo 11 cost a staggering $25 billion
00:05:21.400 during the 1960s and when addressed to
00:05:24.080 present day inflation it's around $200
00:05:28.199 billion this is the chandrian lit Lander
00:05:30.960 and it takes around 40 days to reach the
00:05:32.880 South Pole of the Moon while the Nova
00:05:34.600 sea Lander took just 5
00:05:36.680 days in contrast China's changu launched
00:05:40.160 in 2010 only took 4 days to cover the
00:05:42.600 distance between Earth and the moon the
00:05:45.240 Soviet unions Luna 1 the pioneering
00:05:47.479 unmanned mission that came close to the
00:05:49.199 Moon accomplished the journey in a mere
00:05:51.160 36 hours even Apollo the L's Command
00:05:54.479 Module Colombia which carried three
00:05:56.560 astronauts reached the moon in just
00:05:58.600 slightly over 4 days days Nova sea
00:06:00.800 Landers are expected to last 15 days
00:06:02.919 that is one lunar day it remains
00:06:04.840 operational well in sunlight but they
00:06:06.720 are not designed to withstand the cold
00:06:08.440 temperatures of a lunar night but the
00:06:10.479 Russian Luna 25 mission was made to
00:06:12.639 survive harsh freezing temperatures as a
00:06:14.759 plan to use a radioisotope device to
00:06:16.880 generate heat using plutonium as a
00:06:19.039 source at night that means it was
00:06:20.720 planned to last for one year on the moon
00:06:22.759 but unfortunately it crashed which was a
00:06:25.240 sad day for science as some says the
00:06:27.120 more the merrier the Indian Chan lunar
00:06:30.240 lander like its counterpart lasted for
00:06:32.240 just 14
00:06:33.840 days this is due to the extreme cold on
00:06:36.440 the South Pole of the Moon freising all
00:06:38.400 its equipment it is because there is no
00:06:40.479 sunlight to power the Rover and the
00:06:42.080 Lander moving to the delivery platforms
00:06:44.639 this Falcon 9 costs around 60 to 77
00:06:47.479 million thanks to musk company SpaceX
00:06:50.639 reusable rocket technology for keeping
00:06:52.560 the price down while in Russia's
00:06:54.520 Workhorse the so rockets on the other
00:06:56.360 hand can cost anywhere from 53 million
00:06:58.840 to2 200 25 million per launch
00:07:02.960 interestingly this powerful Russian
00:07:04.800 rocket has four side boosters and when
00:07:07.120 its fuel is depleted the four boosters
00:07:09.240 are ejected but wait there are another
00:07:11.280 two stages left after passing low earth
00:07:13.479 orbit that is the last stage to
00:07:15.280 transport the Luna 25 Lander to the
00:07:17.319 moon's orbit and at about 74 to $40
00:07:20.440 million is India's moon mission which
00:07:22.720 was less than half the cost of Russia's
00:07:24.759 South Pole Lander at $200 million when
00:07:27.599 the vehicle initiates liftoff through
00:07:29.199 the simultaneous ignition of the two
00:07:31.000 boosters the core stage ignites roughly
00:07:33.520 113 seconds each s200 booster Burns for
00:07:37.280 about 134 seconds with separation
00:07:40.479 occurring at the 137 second Mark at this
00:07:43.960 stage the payload fairing which houses
00:07:46.080 the satellite is then detached at an
00:07:48.039 altitude of 115 km above the planet
00:07:51.560 approximately 2117 seconds after launch
00:07:54.759 we also make original engineering
00:07:56.319 content so please subscribe and hit the
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