SOLDERING AND DESOLDERING
Objec0ve:
1. To iden*fy different types of connectors and wire them.
2. To iden*fy different types of soldering wires.
3. To carry out:
o Tinning of soldering *p and terminals.
o Soldering of components on a PCB.
4. To carry out:
o Desoldering of discrete components.
o Desoldering of integrated circuits (ICs).
Equipment and Tools Required:
1. Connectors:
o Three-pin plug
o Male coaxial cable connector
o F connectors
o BNC connectors
o Amphenol connectors
o Chalk blocks (terminal blocks)
2. Soldering Materials:
o Soldering iron
o Soldering wire (lead-based and lead-free)
o Flux
o Soldering stand
o Sponge or brass wool (for cleaning the soldering *p)
3. Desoldering Tools:
o Desoldering pump (solder sucker)
o Solder wick (braid)
o Hot air sta*on (for ICs)
4. Components:
o Resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors (for discrete components)
o Integrated circuits (ICs)
5. PCB:
o Blank PCB or pre-designed PCB for soldering prac*ce.
6. Safety Equipment:
o Safety goggles
o Heat-resistant mat
Prac0cal Steps
4.6.1 Iden0fy Different Types of Connectors and Wire Them
1. Three-Pin Plug:
o Strip the insula*on from the power cable.
o Connect the live wire to the live pin, neutral wire to the neutral pin, and
ground wire to the ground pin.
o Secure the wires with screws and assemble the plug.
2. Male Coaxial Cable Connector:
o Strip the outer insula*on and shielding of the coaxial cable.
o Expose the central conductor and insert it into the connector.
o Crimp or solder the connector in place.
3. F Connector:
o Strip the coaxial cable as per the connector specifica*ons.
o Screw the connector onto the cable, ensuring the central conductor
protrudes slightly.
4. BNC Connector:
o Strip the coaxial cable and prepare the central conductor.
o AVach the connector to the cable and secure it using a crimping tool.
5. Amphenol Connector:
o Iden*fy the pin configura*on from the datasheet.
o Strip and solder the wires to the appropriate pins.
o Secure the connector housing.
6. Chalk Blocks (Terminal Blocks):
o Strip the insula*on from the wires.
o Insert the wires into the terminal block and *ghten the screws.
4.6.2 Iden0fy Different Types of Soldering Wires
1. Lead-Based Solder:
o Composi*on: Tin (Sn) and Lead (Pb) (e.g., 60/40 or 63/37).
o Mel*ng point: ~183°C (361°F).
o Applica*ons: General-purpose soldering.
2. Lead-Free Solder:
o Composi*on: Tin (Sn), Silver (Ag), and Copper (Cu) (e.g., SAC305).
o Mel*ng point: ~217°C (423°F).
o Applica*ons: Compliant with RoHS regula*ons.
4.6.3 Carry Out Tinning and Soldering
1. Tinning of Soldering Tip and Terminals
1. Tinning the Soldering Tip:
o Heat the soldering iron and clean the *p using a damp sponge or brass wool.
o Apply a small amount of solder to the *p to coat it (*nning).
o Wipe off excess solder.
2. Tinning Terminals:
o Clean the terminal with isopropyl alcohol or sandpaper.
o Apply flux to the terminal.
o Heat the terminal with the soldering iron and apply solder to coat it.
2. Soldering Components on PCB
1. Prepara0on:
o Place the component leads through the PCB holes.
o Bend the leads slightly to hold the component in place.
2. Soldering:
o Heat the joint with the soldering iron and apply solder to the joint.
o Ensure the solder flows smoothly and forms a shiny, cone-shaped joint.
o Trim excess leads using wire cuVers.
4.6.4 Carry Out Desoldering
1. Desoldering Discrete Components
1. Desoldering Pump:
o Heat the solder joint with the soldering iron.
o Press the plunger on the desoldering pump and release it to suck up the
molten solder.
2. Solder Wick:
o Place the solder wick over the solder joint.
o Heat the wick with the soldering iron to absorb the solder.
2. Desoldering Integrated Circuits (ICs)
1. Desoldering Pump/Wick:
o Use a desoldering pump or solder wick to remove solder from each pin.
2. Hot Air Sta0on:
o Set the hot air sta*on to the appropriate temperature.
o Direct the hot air nozzle at the IC pins to melt the solder.
o Use tweezers to lid the IC from the PCB.
Prac0cal Observa0ons and Results
1. Connectors Wired:
o Three-pin plug: _____
o Male coaxial cable connector: _____
o F connector: _____
o BNC connector: _____
o Amphenol connector: _____
o Chalk blocks: _____
2. Soldering Wires Iden0fied:
o Lead-based solder: _____
o Lead-free solder: _____
3. Tinning:
o Soldering *p: _____
o Terminals: _____
4. Soldering:
o Quality of solder joints: _____
o Issues encountered: _____
5. Desoldering:
o Discrete components: _____
o ICs: _____
o Issues encountered: _____