A) Do In Mathematics Lab Manual: -

Activity no. 2: To make a graphical exploration of the zeros of a quadratic polynomial.

, such that 𝑎1 𝑎2 = 𝑏1 𝑏2 ≠ 𝑐1 𝑐2 , to demonstrate graphically that such a system is in

consistent. Activity no. 17: To derive a section formula.

B) Worksheet to be done Do in your mathematics notebook

Q.1 Find the largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7, 11, and 15
respectively.

527 = 425 × 1 + 102

425 = 102 × 4 + 17

102 = 17 × 6 + 0

So, the HCF is 17.

Therefore, the largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7, 11, and 15
respectively is 17.

Q.2 Express 98 as a product of its primes.

98 = 2 × 49

98 = 2 × (7 × 7)

98 = *2 × 7 × 7*

So, the product of primes of 98 is *2 × 7 × 7*.

Q.3 If the HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032 × 2 + 408 × p, then find the value
of p.

1032 = 408 × 2 + 216

408 = 216 × 1 +192

216 =192 ×1 +24

192 =24 ×8 +0

HCF is *24*.

24 =1032 ×2 +408 ×p

Solving for p,

p = (24 -1032 ×2)/408

p = -4/17
Hence, the value of p is *-4/17*.

Q.4 Prove that √5 isa irrational number and then Prove that 2 + 3√5 is also an irrational number.

Assume that √5 is a rational number.

Then there exist two positive integers a and b such that √5 = a/b where a and b are coprime
(have no common factors).

Squaring both sides,

5 = a^2/b^2

5b^2 = a^2

This implies that a^2 is divisible by 5. Therefore, a is also divisible by 5. Let a =5k for some
positive integer k.

5b^2 = (5k)^2

b^2 =25k^2

This implies that b^2 is divisible by 25. Therefore, b is also divisible by 5.

Hence, our assumption was wrong and √5 is an irrational number.

To prove that *2 + √5* is also an irrational number

Assume that *2 + √5* is a rational number.

Then there exist two positive integers c and d such that *2 + √5* = c/d where c and d are
coprime.

Subtracting both sides by *2*,

√5 = c/d - *2*

√5 = (c - *2d*)/d

But we have already proved that √5 is an irrational number. Therefore, (c - *2d*)/d must also be
an irrational number.

Hence, our assumption was wrong and *2 + √5* is an irrational number.

Q.5 If the sum of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – kx + 6 is 3, then find the value of k.

Let α and β be the zeroes of the polynomial. Then,

α + β = -(-k)/3

α + β = k/3

But we are given that α + β = *3*. Therefore,

k/3 = *3*
k = *9*

Hence, the value of k is *9*.

Q.6 If α and β are the zeroes of a polynomial such that α + β = -6 and αβ = 5, then find the
polynomial.

Let p(x) be the polynomial with α and β as its zeroes.

p(x) = x^2 - (α + β)x + αβ

p(x) = x^2 - (-6)x + *5*

p(x) = x^2 + 6x + *5*

Hence, the polynomial is *x^2 + 6x + 5*.

Q.7 Find a quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -4 and -5.

Let q(x) be the quadratic polynomial with -4 and -5 as its zeroes. Then

q(x) = x^2 - (-4 + -5)x + (-4)(-5)

q(x) = x^2 - (-9)x + 20

q(x) = x^2 + 9x + 20

Hence, the quadratic polynomial is *x^2 + 9x + 20*.

Q.8 Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – 75 and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.

3x^2 – 75 = 0

3(x^2 – 25) = 0

3(x + 5)(x - 5) = 0

Therefore, the zeroes are x = -5 and x = 5.

If α and β are the zeroes of ax^2 + bx + c, then

α + β = -b/a

αβ = c/a

In this case, a = *3, b = **0* and c = *-75*. The zeroes are α = -5 and β = 5.

α + β = -5 + 5

α + β = *0*

αβ = (-5)(5)

αβ = *-25*

Comparing with the coefficients,

*0* = -(*0)/(**3*)

αβ = c/a

*-25* = (*-75)/(**3*)

Hence, the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients is verified.

Q.9 If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial 6y2 – 7y + 2, find a quadratic polynomial whose
zeroes are 1/α and 1/β.

Let r(y) be the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are *1/α* and *1/β*.

r(y) = y^2 - (*1/α* + *1/β)y + (**1/α) × (**1/β*)

r(y) = y^2 - (β + α)/(αβ)y + (1)/(αβ)

But we know that α and β are the zeroes of *6y^2 – 7y + 2*. Therefore,

α + β = -(-7)/6

α + β = 7/6

αβ = (2)/6

αβ = 1/3

Substituting these values in r(y)

r(y) = y^2 - (7/6)/(1/3)y + (1)/(1/3)

r(y) = y^2 - (7/6) × (3)y + (1) × (3)

r(y) = y^2 - (21/6)y + (3)

r(y) = y^2 - (7/2)y + (3)

Hence, a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are *1/α* and *1/β* is **y^2 - (7/2)y + (3)**.

Q.10 For what value of k, the pair of equations 4x – 3y = 9, 2x + ky = 11 has no solution?

a_1/a_2 ≠ b_1/b_2

(*4)/(**2) ≠ (**-3*)/k

(*2) ≠ (**-3*)/k

k ≠ (*-6*)

c_1/c_2= b_1/b_2

Q.11 Find whether the following pair of linear equations is consistent or inconsistent: 3x + 2y = 8
6x – 4y = 9.

In this case, a_1 = 3, b_1 = 2, c_1= 8, a_2= 6, b_2= -4 and c_2= 9. Therefore,
a_1/a_2 = b_1/b_2 (3)/(6) = (2)/(-4) (1/2) = (-1/2)

This is not true. Hence, a_1/a_2 ≠ b_1/b_2.

Therefore, the pair of equations is consistent and has a unique solution.

Q.12 The sum of the digits of a two digit number is 8 and the difference between the number
and that formed by reversing the digits is 18. Find the number. Solve by elimination method.

x + y = 8 …(i) (10x + y) - (10y + x) = 18 …(ii)

Simplifying (ii),

9x - 9y = 18 x - y = 2 …(iii)

Adding (i) and (iii),

2x = 10 x = 5

Substituting in (i),

5+y=8y=3

Hence, the two digit number is 53.

Q.13 The age of the father is twice the sum of the ages of his 2 children. After 20 years, his age
will be equal to the sum of the ages of his children. Find the age of the father. Solve by
substitution method

Let x be the age of the father and y be the sum of the ages of his 2 children.

x = 2y …(i) x + 20 = y + 20 + 20 …(ii)

Substituting (i) in (ii),

2y + 20 = y + 40 y = 20

Substituting in (i),

x = 2 × 20 x = 40

Hence, the age of the father is 40 years.

Q14. Case study question

a) (2,25) c) (25,2)

b) (2,0.25) d) (0, -25)

2. Find the position of red flag

a) (8,0) c) (8,20)

b) (20,8) d) (8,0.2)

3. What is the distance between both the flags?

a) √41 c) √61

b) √11 d) √51

4. If Rashmi has to post a blue flag exactly halfway between the line segment joining the two
flags, where should she post her flag?

a) (5, 22.5) c) (2,8.5)

b) (10,22) d) (2.5,20)

5. If Joy has to post a flag at one-fourth distance from green flag, in the line segment joining the
green and red flags, then where should he post his flag?

a) (3.5,24) c) (2.25,8.5)

b) (0.5,12.5) d) (25,20)