2 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 1

RESEARCHERS
MA ANONG ULAM?: CHALLENGES OF YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS
IN SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS

A Research Proposal
Presented to the
School Research Council of
SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Course
Practical Research 1

By

ALMODOVAR KRISTOFFER A
BABASANTA TRISHA MAE V.
BARRERA NOLI F.
OLID ALDRICH C.
SAMSON MAYBELYN B.

FEBUARY 2025
 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

In the world, youth unemployment is a significant global challenge, with many

nations experiencing high joblessness among young people. In South Africa, for

instance, the national unemployment rate rose from 42.6% to 43.2%, reaching a record

high in early 2021. The situation is even more alarming for young people under 24, as

youth unemployment under the expanded definition soared to 74.7%, meaning only one

in four school leavers is employed. This issue is not unique to South Africa; many

developing economies face a strong link between slow economic growth and high youth

unemployment, which in turn impacts the broader labor market. With a large portion of

young people unable to secure jobs, fostering entrepreneurial skills becomes essential.

The ability or inability of young people to develop entrepreneurial capabilities plays a

critical role in shaping their economic future and influencing overall development.

Addressing this challenge should be a top priority worldwide.

In the Philippines, millennials, often recognized as the first digitally native generation,

have grown up between rapid technological advancements that shape their daily lives.

This unique upbringing has instilled in them a strong inclination towards innovation,

driving many to develop creative solutions for contemporary challenges. In our

interconnected world, young entrepreneurs have unmatched access to resources,

information, and networks, facilitating the launch of their own ventures.

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 3
RESEARCHERS

In addition in the Philippines, many children face poverty. A lot of them are unable to

attend in school and instead choose to work at the young age. Many people oppose this

but children have no choice if they don’t work hard, they won’t be able to survive each

day due to their difficult living condition. However, their hard work is admirable because,

at a young age, the have already developed an understanding of business. Now, they

are able to help their families by selling goods, even though they are still just children or

they are still young. Young entrepreneurship is a relevant issue today, as more young

individuals are starting their own businesses. With technology and social media

providing easier access.

An act requiring the inclusion of financial literacy and entrepreneurship as separate

core subjects in the junior and senior high school curriculum of the K-12 program,

amending for the purpose republic act no. 10679, otherwise known as the “youth

entrepreneurship act” explanatory note. The importance of entrepreneurship education

in fostering economic growth and development has been recognized by the Philippines

as a means of addressing poverty and unemployment. Accordingly, Republic Act No.

10679, or "An Act Promoting Entrepreneurship and Financial Education Among Filipino

Youth," was enacted to promote entrepreneurship among young Filipinos by providing

programs and services that support the development of their entrepreneurial skills and

mindset. The law declares a policy of the State the promotion of "the sustained

development of young Filipinos whose aptitude and skill in the field of finance and

entrepreneurship shall be encouraged and honed through education and specialized

training programs.
 According to Tuffile 2015, Bentley
SINALHAN University
INTEGRATED HIGH Director of Entrepreneurial
SCHOOL
Studies, millennials
SINALHAN are realizing
SOCIETY that starting a company, even
OF EFFECTIVE ANDif it EFFICIENT
crashes and burns, 4

teaches RESEARCHERS

them more in two years rather than sitting in a cubicle for 20 years. They believe,

however, that innovation plays more of a role than simply adding to a company’s bottom

line. In its

Third Annual Millenials Study, Deloitte held 80 percent of millennials view business

innovation as positively impacting society and providing a launch pad for new ideas.

Perhaps, driven by the need for purpose and meaning in their careers,

millennials entrepreneurs tend to see the world through a very different lens than the

generation before [Link] of the youth who could have opted to start an enterprise.

The researchers conduct the study because, it is driven by growing concern that

unemployment among youth is becoming one of the critical challenges for countries all

over the world, with the Philippines in particular. Where the majority of young people

could not find steady work, finding other alternatives in empowering the youth to create

opportunities on their own becomes very imperative. One such alternative is

entrepreneurship, which offers a pathway for young people to not only generate income

but also contribute to the economic development of their communities and the nation.

The Philippines, with its youthful population—almost 70% of Filipinos are under the age

of 30—holds a lot of potential in terms of entrepreneurial activity. However, even with

this reality, many of the young generations are still battling problems in opening and

running their own businesses. This study is practical experience of Filipino youth

entrepreneurs regarding what they go through, see, and perceive about the obstacles,

opportunities, and factors of success or failure. Doing this, the research will provide
crucial information that could inform
SINALHAN policies,
INTEGRATED supportSCHOOL
HIGH systems, and programs

intended SINALHAN
to foster young SOCIETY
entrepreneurship. The research also
OF EFFECTIVE ANDagree with an on-going
EFFICIENT 5
RESEARCHERS
discourse in the society that education must play a greater role in helping entrepreneurs

develop skills. While programs

like the Youth Entrepreneurship Act are underway, much more systematic, accessible,

and practical education regarding entrepreneurship and financial literacy remain

wanting.

The aim of this study is to understand the experiences of young entrepreneurs in the

Philippines, focusing on the challenges, opportunities, and factors that affect their

success or failure in starting a business. The research seeks to provide valuable insights

into the role of entrepreneurship in addressing the issue of youth unemployment,

poverty, and economic development in the country. Specifically, the objectives of this

study are: Identify the challenges faced by young entrepreneurs: To explore the

difficulties and obstacles that young people encounter when starting and running their

businesses, such as lack of experience, financial struggles, and competition. Understand

the opportunities available to young entrepreneurs: To examine the opportunities that

young entrepreneurs have to grow their businesses, including the use of technology,

social media, and available resources. Analyze the factors that contribute to the success

or failure of youth-led [Link] investigate the key factors that influence the

success or failure of young entrepreneurs, including innovation, resilience, access to

financial support, and mentorship. Evaluate the impact of entrepreneurship on the

youth’s personal and economic development: To assess how entrepreneurship helps

young peopleSINALHAN
achieve financial independence,
INTEGRATED HIGH improve their quality of
SCHOOL
life, and SINALHAN
contribute to SOCIETY
their communities and the national
OF EFFECTIVE economy. Provide
AND EFFICIENT 6
RESEARCHERS
recommendations for supporting youth entrepreneurship: To offer practical suggestions

for educators, policymakers, and organizations on how to create a more supportive

environment for young entrepreneurs in the Philippines, especially through education

and resources that focus on financial literacy and entrepreneurial skills.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This study is anchored on the challenges of young entrepreneurs such as

Entrepreneural engagement, Difficulties of young entrepreneurs, Business capital

Caliat 2024, entrepreneurial engagement of students found beneficial in supporting

their personal and school expenses without the help of their parents.

This study connects with our research because,Caliat's 2024 theory posits that

entrepreneurial engagement among students is a beneficial strategy for enabling

financial independence, allowing them to support both personal and school expenses

without relying on parental assistance. The theory emphasizes that by participating in

entrepreneurial activities such as starting small businesses can develop key skills like

financial management, problem-solving, and communication while gaining valuable real-

world experience. This theory suggests that engaging in entrepreneurship can help

students address these challenges by fostering resourcefulness, improving time

management skills, and promoting resilience. By actively participating in

entrepreneurship, students not only meet their immediate financial needs but also

acquire the necessary skills to navigate and overcome the common hurdles faced by

young entrepreneurs.
 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Fong et al theory 2020SOCIETY
SINALHAN All inexperienced entrepreneurs will
OF EFFECTIVE AND face various difficulties in
EFFICIENT 7
RESEARCHERS
starting their businesses and challenges in management (Fong et al., 2020), especially

student entrepreneurs. This theory highlight that all inexperienced entrepreneurs,

especially student entrepreneurs, face numerous difficulties when starting and managing

their businesses.

While this second study covers a lot of difficulties in young entrepreneurs, these

challenges include limited practical experience, insufficient business knowledge, and a

lack of financial resources, which can hinder their ability to make informed decisions and

manage business operations effectively. Additionally, student entrepreneurs often

struggle to balance academic commitments with their entrepreneurial ventures, resulting

in time management issues and increased stress. Other common obstacles include

building a customer base, managing cash flow, and scaling the business. Despite these

challenges,this theory is also argue that such experiences offer valuable learning

opportunities, helping student entrepreneurs develop critical problem-solving skills,

resilience, and adaptability as they navigate the complexities of entrepreneurship.

Business capital Kabonga & Zvokuomba, 2021. Challenges interfered with

student entrepreneurs' business, including a lack of capital, bureaucratic impediments,

and the delicate balancing act of studies and running a business (Kabonga &

Zvokuomba, 2021).

Identify several key challenges that interfere with student entrepreneurs' ability to

successfully run their businesses. These challenges include a lack of capital, which

limits the ability to invest in and scale their venturs, as well as bureaucratic impediments
that may arise due to complex
SINALHAN regulatory
INTEGRATED requirements
HIGH SCHOOL and

administrative barriers. SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT

SINALHAN 8
RESEARCHERS

Additionally, student entrepreneurs often face the delicate balancing act of

managing academic responsibilities while running a business, which can lead to time

management difficulties, stress, and a reduced focus on either their studies or their

business. These challenges can hinder the growth and sustainability of student-led

enterprises, yet they also provide opportunities for students to develop crucial skills,

such

as resourcefulness, time management, and problem-solving, which can contribute to

their long-term entrepreneurial success.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEU
MEDIA RAL SKILLS
FLATFORM DEVELOPED
USED
MA ANONG
ULAM ?:
CHALLENGES
OF YOUNG
ENTREPRENEUR
S
ENTREPRENEU REFLECTION/
RAL ESSENSE OF
STRATEGIES THE
LEARNED PHENOMENO
N
Figure 1 Research Paradigm

This research adopts a qualitative approach to learning the experiences,

difficulties, and young entrepreneurs' strategies in running their businesses. It does not

concern itself with figures but rather learns about personal points of view, decision-
making, and how young entrepreneurs
SINALHAN cope with
INTEGRATED HIGH challenges
SCHOOL on the path to

success. Young
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 9

entrepreneurs encounter a numberRESEARCHERS

of challenges such as financial challenges, poor

knowledge and skills of business, competition in the market, legal and administrative

barriers, and work-life balance problems. Financial difficulties include challenges in

accessing startup capital, identifying sources of funding, and covering daily operations.

Limited business skills and knowledge influence decision-making, risk management, and

strategic planning. Market competition renders it difficult to differentiate and attract

consumers. Legal and procedures, including complicated registration requirements,

taxation, and legal mandates, can hamper business development. Moreover, juggling

academic, personal, and business obligations tends to cause stress and burnout. In

order to investigate these challenges, this research will employ qualitative research

techniques including interviews, focus group discussions, and case studies. Through the

application of thematic analysis, it will determine prevalent themes, emotions,

motivations, and coping mechanisms that young entrepreneurs employ to maneuver

their business enterprises.

Central questions:

1. What are the key critical success factors for young entrepreneurs?

Corrolary question:

[Link] challenges do young entrepreneurs face?

2. How can young entrepreneurs use technology to grow their businesses?

3. How does social media help young entrepreneurs?

[Link] financial and market challenges do young entrepreneurs face?

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 1

This study will be conductedRESEARCHERS

by students from Sinalhan Integrated High School,

focusing on young entrepreneurs under 30 who have started or are currently managing a

business in Santa Rosa City, Philippines. It will not consider entrepreneurs from other

regions or countries. The research will examine common challenges faced by young

entrepreneurs, without delving into specific business sectors, financial data, or long-term

sustainability. The study will focus on the entrepreneurial journey, including the

challenges and strategies young entrepreneurs use to overcome them. Furthermore, the

scope of the research will be restricted to those involved in small to medium-sized

businesses, excluding large-scale enterprises or corporate ventures. The research will

be only within

a year, with findings based on data collected within this time frame. While the research

aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of youth entrepreneurship in the

Philippines, The results may not fully represent the experiences of all young

entrepreneurs, due to limitations in resources, time, and accessibility.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is significant as it clarifies the challenges faced by young

entrepreneurs, providing valuable understanding for various stakeholders, including

aspiring business owners, policymakers, educators, investor and business support

organizations. This will

also be able to assist new young entrepreneurs to overcome their difficulties in

businesses.
 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
To Young Entrepreneurs:
SINALHAN This research
SOCIETY will help them to AND
OF EFFECTIVE identifyEFFICIENT
common difficulties 1
RESEARCHERS
such as Limited budget, limited business experience,

and limited access to resources.

To Policymakers and Government Agencies: The results of this study can serve

as a basis for creating more supportive policies, funding programs, dedicated support

centers and mentorship [Link] and business development agencies

can use the insights to design placement that encourage a more beneficial business

environment.

To Educational Institutions: This study shows the importance of entrepreneurial

education students should acquire such as necessary skills, knowledge, discipline,

adaptability and mindset to become a guide for the business environment.

To Business Support Organizations and Investors: This study provides an understanding

of the challenges that young entrepreneurs face from difficulties in business and this

allows to contribute assistance among investors, incubators, and business development

organizations.

To Future Researchers: This study provides a foundation for further research on

entrepreneurship, particularly in developing strategies to make it easier to identified

challenges. Future researchers can research this study to explore more solutions and

specific problems in the business environment.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

[Link] Unemployment – Conceptually, it refers to the state of individuals aged 15–24

who are actively seeking but unable to secure employment (International Labour
Organization). Operationally,
SINALHAN it pertains to the HIGH
INTEGRATED financialSCHOOL
challenges faced by

young SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 1

RESEARCHERS
individuals who lack stable income sources while pursuing entrepreneurial ventures.

2. Entrepreneurship – Conceptually, it is the process of identifying, developing, and

managing a business venture while assuming financial risks (Merriam-Webster).

Operationally, it refers to the establishment of small businesses by young individuals as

a means of financial stability and self-employment.

3. Young Entrepreneurs – Conceptually, these are individuals aged 15 to 30 who initiate

and manage business ventures (OECD). Operationally, it pertains to ABM students and

recent graduates who engage in entrepreneurial activities to address financial needs and

career development.

4. Millennials – Conceptually, millennials are individuals born between 1981 and 1996,

characterized by their digital literacy and entrepreneurial mindset (Pew Research

Center).

Operationally, it refers to young business-minded individuals who utilize technology and

innovation in their entrepreneurial pursuits.

5. Startups – Conceptually, a startup is a newly established business that aims to

introduce innovative products, services, or technologies to the market (Harvard Business

Review). Operationally, it refers to small-scale businesses founded by young

entrepreneurs in their early stages of growth.

6. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) – Conceptually, MSMEs are

businesses classified based on asset size, revenue, and workforce, contributing

significantly to economic growth (Philippine Statistics Authority). Operationally, it refers

to
small businesses owned and operated
SINALHAN by young
INTEGRATED entrepreneurs,
HIGH SCHOOL often requiring

financial literacy
SINALHANfor sustainability.
SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 1
RESEARCHERS
7. Financial Literacy – Conceptually, it is the ability to understand and apply financial

management skills such as budgeting, saving, investing, and handling debt

(Investopedia). Operationally, it refers to the financial knowledge and decision-making

ability of ABM students in managing both academic and personal financial needs.

8. Youth Entrepreneurship Act (Republic Act No. 10679) – Conceptually, it is a Philippine

law that promotes entrepreneurship by integrating financial and business education into

the academic curriculum. Operationally, it serves as a policy framework that supports

young entrepreneurs through training, mentorship, and financial assistance programs.

9. Innovation – Conceptually, it is the introduction of new ideas, methods, or products

that enhance business efficiency and competitiveness (Oxford Dictionary). Operationally,

it refers to the strategies employed by young entrepreneurs in developing unique and

marketable business solutions.

10. Economic Growth – Conceptually, it is the increase in a country’s production of

goods and services over time, measured by GDP growth (World Bank). Operationally, it

pertains to the contribution of young entrepreneurs in generating employment,

increasing business activity, and boosting the local economy.

11. Business Resilience – Conceptually, it is the ability of businesses to adapt to

changes and recover from financial or operational setbacks (Cambridge Dictionary).

Operationally, it refers to the ability of young entrepreneurs to sustain their businesses

despite economic fluctuations and financial challenges.

12. Digital Technology – Conceptually, it includes electronic tools and systems such as

social media, e-commerce platforms, and online marketing that facilitate business
operations (TechTarget).
SINALHAN Operationally,
INTEGRATED HIGH itSCHOOL
refers to the use of

digital platforms
SINALHANby young entrepreneurs
SOCIETY OF to promote and AND
EFFECTIVE manage their businesses
EFFICIENT 1

efficiently. RESEARCHERS

13. Job Creation – Conceptually, it is the process of generating employment

opportunities through business ventures and economic activities (International Labour

Organization).

Operationally, it refers to the role of young entrepreneurs in providing jobs within their

communities by expanding their businesses.

14. Sustainable Economic Development – Conceptually, it is an approach to economic

progress that ensures long-term environmental, social, and financial

stability (United Nations). Operationally, it refers to business models adopted by young

entrepreneurs that promote responsible resource use while maintaining profitability.

15. Social Entrepreneurship – Conceptually, it is a business approach that integrates

social and environmental responsibility with financial sustainability (Stanford Social

Innovation Review). Operationally, it refers to the efforts of young entrepreneurs who

establish businesses aimed at addressing social issues while generating income.

CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

 "The Impact of a STEM-Based
SINALHAN Entrepreneurship
INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOLProgram on the

Entrepreneurial Intention SOCIETY

SINALHAN of SecondaryOF
School Female Students"
EFFECTIVE AND(2020) Soft skills like
EFFICIENT 1

creativity, co-operative RESEARCHERS

leadership, and problem-solving are important for

entrepreneurship. The researcher mentions the need to organize a training program to

help young entrepreneurs prepare themselves. This is part of the researcher's study in

determining whether [Santa Rosa}'s entrepreneurs have access to skill development.

"A Cross-National Study of Youth Entrepreneurship: The Effect of Family Support"

(2022) This study investigates the family support phenomenon among young

entrepreneurs and examines cultures with strong family ties. It looks at how financial and

emotional support affects success in business and even in decision-making. The

researcher aims to see if [Santa Rosa] entrepreneurs are given similar support and its

effects on their business growth.

"Entrepreneurial Aspirations and Challenges among Business Students" This study

explores the entrepreneurial ambitions and challenges of business students, focusing on

their motivations, perceptions of success, and risk-taking attitudes. It examines common

barriers such as financial constraints, lack of experience, and societal expectations,

particularly among students in [Santa Rosa]. The research also investigates how

business

education influences their entrepreneurial mindset and whether formal training

adequately prepares them for real-world business challenges. Additionally, it considers

the impact of external factors, including family support, peer influence, and economic

conditions, on their willingness and ability to start a business. Through a qualitative

approach, this study

aims to provide deeper insights into the entrepreneurial journey of business students

and the obstacles they must overcome.

 "Challenges
SINALHAN of Youth Entrepreneurship
INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOLfrom a Local

Government Perspective in
SINALHAN South Africa"
SOCIETY OF A study by NdebeleAND
EFFECTIVE et al. (2022) examines the
EFFICIENT 1
RESEARCHERS
role of local governments in supporting youth entrepreneurship in South Africa. It

highlights the importance of government programs in fostering business growth but also

reveals challenges such as corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and a lack of skilled

personnel that hinder effective policy implementation. This study draws comparisons

with Santa Rosa City, analyzing whether similar governance issues affect young

entrepreneurs in the Philippines. It investigates how local policies, regulatory

frameworks, and government-backed initiatives influence the long-term sustainability of

youth-led startups. Additionally, the study explores structural and economic barriers that

may prevent aspiring entrepreneurs from fully realizing their business potential.

"Juvenile Innovative Entrepreneurs: Turning Challenges into Opportunities" A study

in India found that factors such as gender, age, parental occupation, and income

significantly impact young entrepreneurs' success. Using statistical analyses (KMO =

0.885, Chi-square, Friedman’s test, and F-test), the research confirms a strong

relationship between opportunities, challenges, and innovation, particularly in Chennai

City. The study emphasizes that financial limitations, lack of experience, and societal

pressures often serve as catalysts for resilience and creativity in business. Young

entrepreneurs are forced

to adapt by leveraging technology, exploring market trends, and developing innovative

solutions to stay competitive. By analyzing real-life experiences and entrepreneurial

strategies, the study demonstrates how overcoming challenges not only tests young

entrepreneurs but also drives them toward long-term success, fostering a new

generation of dynamic business leaders.

 Amouri, A.,SINALHAN
Festa, G., Shams, S. R., Sakka,
INTEGRATED HIGH G.,SCHOOL
& Rossi, M. (2021).

Technological propensity,SOCIETY
SINALHAN financial constraints,
OF EFFECTIVEand entrepreneurial limits in young
AND EFFICIENT 1
RESEARCHERS
entrepreneurs’ social business enterprises: The Tunisian experience. Technological

Forecasting and Social Change, 173, 121126 Foreign; madi–Delcheva, S. (2021).

The role of startups in the generation of innovative young entrepreneurs Trakia

Journal of Sciences, 19(1), 292-295: Smadi-The report by Delcheva from 2021

emphasizes the part startups play in encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship

among young people. According to the report, startups provide aspiring entrepreneurs

access to resources like money, mentorship, and networking opportunities, which can

help them get over the limitations on their access to capital and other resources that

frequently hinder them from launching their own companies.

Sakthivel, A. V. (2021). Do Younger Entrepreneurs Perform Better in the Bengaluru

Startup Ecosystem? AMC Indian Journal of Entrepreneurship, 4(4), 47-52: Sakthivel's

study paper from 2021, titled "Improve in the Bengaluru Startup Biological system?,"

looks at how younger entrepreneurs are portrayed in Bengaluru's startup scene. The

study found that younger business visionaries will typically outperform their more

experienced counterparts due to their stronger capacity for risk-taking, flexibility, and

innovative reasoning. Yet, the focus also includes the challenges faced by younger

business visionaries related to access to resources, lack of participation, and

constrained network connections.

Ephrem, A. N., Nguezet, P. M. D., Charmant, I. K., Murimbika, M., Awotide, B. A.,

Tahirou, A., ... & Manyong, V. (2021). Entrepreneurial motivation, psychological capital,

and business success of young entrepreneurs in the DRC. Sustainability, 13(4087:

According to Ephrem et al. (2021), psychological capital serves as a mediator between

entrepreneurial SINALHAN
drive and business performance,
INTEGRATED HIGHwith psychological capital
SCHOOL
having aSINALHAN
favorable andSOCIETY
significant OF
impact on the economic
EFFECTIVE success of young
AND EFFICIENT 1

entrepreneurs in the DRC. RESEARCHERS

"The Rise of Startups Among Young Entrepreneurs During COVID-19 in Legazpi

City" This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in startups by

young entrepreneurs in Legazpi City’s economic hub. It highlights how the crisis created

both challenges and opportunities, pushing business owners to innovate and adapt to

evolving market demands. The research explores major obstacles such as financial

struggles, supply chain disruptions, and uncertainty in the business environment,

drawing comparisons with young entrepreneurs in [Sinalhan]. By analyzing the

strategies these entrepreneurs used to overcome difficulties, the study emphasizes

resilience, creativity, and adaptability as key factors in sustaining businesses despite

economic setbacks. It also investigates how government policies, digital transformation,

and changing consumer behavior influenced the success of these startups.

"The Entrepreneurial Intention of Filipino Generation Z: What Motivates Them in

Business Mindedness" (2022) This study investigates the motives for the entrepreneurial

intentions of Filipino Gen Z, whereby 54% pursue business activities to become liberated

from financial constraints and for innovation. The research also looks further into

whether financial independence becomes a burden to young entrepreneurs tending to

scramble for capital and competition, whether it becomes a means to longevity in

business, or creates such pressure due to limited resources.

"Young Entrepreneur Challenges and Success Drivers in General Santos City"

(2020) The research identifies challenges such as a financial lack, limited access to

technology, and no marketing guidance. The study would then compare these to

[Sinalhan] to show how the locations and resources influence business sustainability.

Likewise, knowing
 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 1
RESEARCHERS
finance and marketing skills coupled with technology support would make

entrepreneurship successful.

Challenges Experienced by Young Entrepreneurs Entering the Small and Medium

Enterprise SectorThis research identifies critical challenges such as inadequate capital,

insufficient entrepreneurial education, and unfavorable government policies that hinder

the establishment and growth of SMEs run by young entrepreneurs.

“Young Entrepreneurs & the Challenges and Barriers while Scaling Up” This study

explores the success factors and obstacles encountered by entrepreneurs under 35,

focusing on their business and personal skills.

Financial ConstraintsSecuring adequate funding is a common hurdle for young

entrepreneurs. Limited credit histories and lack of collateral can make it difficult to obtain

loans or attract investors. This financial strain often hampers the ability to launch or

expand business operations.

SYNTHESIS

Various interlinked factors discussed in the works of literature on youth

entrepreneurship which influence in aspirations, opportunities, and challenges for young

entrepreneurs. Like- work family, extended family, government support, educational

opportunities, etc. Critical among shaping the entrepreneurial journey over these

important elements is the study which explores how these factors relate within culturally-

economically- policy-determined settings to help youth entrepreneurship prosper.

This study, based on results of Maleki et al. (2022) and Fattal (2024), will examine the

effects of government interventions and family support on the entrepreneurial aspirations

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS

of individuals socialized into such particular contexts. While government policies and

family support create a positive environment for youth entrepreneurship, outside these

positive factors, the government inefficiencies or instances of corruption create an

inefficient environment for such systems, as discussed in Ndebele et al. (2022) and

Saravanan (2021). These papers emphasize how government support or lack thereof

affects the growth of youth entrepreneurship in circumstances of either inconsistent or

absent external assistance.

Through the syntheses of Cueto et al. (2022) and the Generation Z Filipino (2022),

this study will also showcase how entrepreneurship has evolved through the changes

caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It has transformed traditional digitalization

strategies toward newly developed business models that have thrived because of the

coincidence of the global financial crisis with youth entrepreneurs' aspirations. This study

will analyze how such disturbances have affected entrepreneurial decisions and

intentions and the chances of startups being viable.

Education, especially in STEM-based programs, is another important factor in

overcoming challenges that young entrepreneurs encounter. The works of Smadi-

Delcheva (2021) and Sakthivel (2021) a similar emphasis on the importance of the

educational system to equip youth with skills necessary in overcoming obstacles during

startup stages. Mentorship programs and access to appropriate training will help plug

knowledge gaps, thus fostering an entrepreneurial environment for successful ventures.

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS

Psychological attributes such as resilience and confidence are important in

understanding entrepreneurial success, in part because they are self-explanatory

features that identify external ones. Such psychological attributes, according to Ephrem

et al. (2021), have a motivational impulse or a blockage to success. Resilience does this

through ensuring that the entrepreneur can bounce back after a setback, while

confidence makes it possible for the entrepreneur to decide and take risk. It creates

scope for considering the personality traits that facilitate or hinder success in youth

entrepreneurship.

Despite these supportive factors, young entrepreneurs in the Small and Medium

Enterprise (SME) sector face significant challenges. Inadequate capital remains one of

the most common barriers. Limited credit histories and lack of collateral make it difficult

to secure loans or attract investors, hindering the ability to launch or expand businesses.

This financial constraint is a consistent challenge for young entrepreneurs trying to scale

theirventures.

In addition, most young entrepreneurs lack adequate entrepreneurial education.

Although more entrepreneurial programs are now available, there are still gaps in

equipping young people with the hands-on information and skills to deal with business

complexities. Inadequate education results in a high failure rate in the initial phases of

business development.

Unfavorable government policies also present a challenge, with bureaucratic hurdles,

complex licensing procedures, and high taxes making it difficult for young businesses to

thrive. Many young entrepreneurs struggle with these regulatory barriers, which can

further hinder business growth and sustainability.

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS

Moreover, young entrepreneurs often face difficulties in scaling up their businesses.

A study on the challenges and barriers faced by entrepreneurs under 35 highlights the

need for mentorship, networking, and skill development to facilitate scaling efforts.

Access to supportive networks and resources plays a key role in helping entrepreneurs

expand their operations in a competitive environment.

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

Research Design This study takes a qualitative research approach, which means

we’re focusing on real stories and experiences rather than just numbers and statistics.

Qualitative research, as Creswell (2014) explains, helps us understand social issues by

diving deep into people’s thoughts, emotions, and motivations. Instead of just looking at

percentages or financial figures, we want to hear directly from young entrepreneurs—

what drives them, what challenges they face, and what lessons they’ve learned along

the way. This method allows us to paint a clearer picture of their journey and provide

insights that might help others who are considering starting their own businesses.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study employs the qualitative research design whereby real stories and

experiences are examined rather than numbers and statistics. Creswell (2014:4)

explains that qualitative research is undertaken to go into people’s thoughts, feelings,

and motivations, migrating from simply looking at percentages or financial amounts to

hearing first-hand from young entrepreneurs what motivates them, what their challenges

are, and what they learned. Qualitative research is an invaluable tool that enables the

painting of a more complete picture concerning the entrepreneurs and provides insight

for others who may wish to tread the same path.

 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS

RESEARCH LOCALE

The research will take place in [insert specific location], a place known for many young

people engaged in entrepreneurship. This sampling locale has a good mix of small

businesses, startups, and youth innovation, making it prime for the research of young

entrepreneurial realities. Because of that, it aligns well with the objectives of the study,

making it easier for the research findings to bear meaning and insight, according to Yin

(2017). Economic conditions together with availability of resources and opportunities

shall be assessed in the area in order to understand their hold on most successes and

struggles of young entrepreneurs. Moreover, this place was selected due to its easy

access and the interest of the young business owners.

PARTICIPANTS AND SAMPLING

The research study will concentrate on the youth entrepreneurs aged between 18

and 30 years who have been running their businesses for at least six months. Through

purposive sampling, the study will identify those participants that seem most relevant.

Purposive sampling is a non-random sampling technique in which individuals are

selected on the basis of specific characteristics suitable to the rest of the research

(Patton, 2002). This technique guarantees that the participants would have an

experience on entrepreneurship and would, therefore, have rich and meaningful data.

"Purposive sampling is a non-random sampling technique when it comes to qualitative

studies", according to Etikan, Musa, and Alkassim (2016), "it is used for a study when

the aim is to get comprehensive information from people with a certain skill or

experience". Since the participants are to be selected based on their entrepreneurship

involvement, the data collected by the study would be highly relevant to the objectives of

the study.
 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2

DATA COLLECTION METHOD RESEARCHERS

In order to expressively understand young entrepreneurs, semi-structured interviews

will be our primary data collection method. This means that we will have some main

questions in mind to guide the conversation, while at the same time allowing the

participants to speak freely on topics related to their own experiences and thoughts. As

such, the interviews become more of a thought-conducted, conversational dialogue as

opposed to a rigid question/answer session. Additionally, we will conduct focus group

discussions where small groups of young entrepreneurs come together to talk about

their experiences, offer advice, and discuss common challenges they face. Here, such

discourse can really lead to brand-new perspectives which, quite often, won't come up in

a one-on-one interview. In addition, we might observe some entrepreneurs operating in

their everyday business settings, which can help us understand the way they run their

businesses on a daily basis.

DATA ANALYSIS

After performing interviews and discussions, all the analyses will be developed on the

basis of thematic analysis, a method described by Braun and Clarke (2006). That is, we

will be looking for recurrent patterns or themes in what the interviewees say—about

financial issues, marketing challenges, or rewards of being one's own boss. The analysis

of data in this way will show the main challenges that young entrepreneurs face and the

strategies used to overcome them.

ETHICAL CONSEDIRATION

Since we’re working with real people and their personal experiences, it’s important

that we handle everything with care and integrity. Before conducting interviews, we will
ask for informedSINALHAN
consent, ensuring that participants
INTEGRATED HIGHfully understand
SCHOOL the

purpose of the study and SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT

SINALHAN 2
RESEARCHERS

agree to share their experiences voluntarily. Their identities will remain anonymous; all

information they provide will be treated with confidentiality thereafter. We will also make

sure that participants are always comfortable during the whole research process and

that they can withdraw from the interview or not answer any questions if they so decide.
 SINALHAN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
SINALHAN SOCIETY OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 2
RESEARCHERS