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Electromagnetic Induction Experiment Guide

The document contains a series of questions and diagrams related to electromagnetic induction and the behavior of galvanometers in response to rotating coils and moving magnets. It includes tasks such as drawing current directions, explaining alternating current, and describing experiments to demonstrate electromotive force. The questions assess understanding of concepts in electromagnetism and require both written explanations and diagrams.

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18 views7 pages

Electromagnetic Induction Experiment Guide

The document contains a series of questions and diagrams related to electromagnetic induction and the behavior of galvanometers in response to rotating coils and moving magnets. It includes tasks such as drawing current directions, explaining alternating current, and describing experiments to demonstrate electromotive force. The questions assess understanding of concepts in electromagnetism and require both written explanations and diagrams.

Uploaded by

imsfatimazahra
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

1 The diagram shows the same bar magnets with a coil of wire between them.
direction of
rotation handle

N S

galvanometer
A

(a) The coil of wire is rotated in the direction shown in the diagram.

On the diagram, draw an arrow to show the direction of the current in the coil. Explain your
answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Explain how rotating the coil in the diagram continuously causes the galvanometer needle to
show an alternating current.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [4]

[Total: 6]
2

2 The diagram shows two bar magnets with a coil of wire between them.

direction of
rotation handle

N S

galvanometer
A

Name the parts labelled A in the diagram

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

3 A student is experimenting with electromagnetic effects.

Describe an experiment, using any standard laboratory equipment, to demonstrate electromagnetic


induction. You may draw a diagram.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]
3

4 A student connects a lamp and centre-zero galvanometer in series with a generator, as shown in
the diagram.

The student observes the galvanometer needle moving from side-to-side repeatedly.

Explain why the needle moves in this way.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

5 The diagram shows three pieces of equipment.


4

(a) Describe how to generate and detect an electromotive force (e.m.f.) using the equipment in
the diagram. You may draw a diagram.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) Describe two changes that will generate a larger e.m.f. using similar equipment to that in the
diagram.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

6 A student uses the equipment shown in the diagram.

The student moves the magnet to the right into the coil and then holds the magnet stationary for a
few seconds. The pointer deflects to the right and then returns to the centre.
5

The student then moves the magnet to the left so that it is completely out of the coil and moves it
far away from the coil.

(a) Describe how the pointer moves when the student moves the magnet out of the coil.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Explain why the pointer behaves as described in (a).

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]
6

7 Diagram A shows a simple alternating current generator.

diagram A

On diagram B, sketch a graph to show how the electromotive force (e.m.f.) induced varies with
time for one revolution of the coil. Assume that the coil starts in the horizontal position, as shown
in diagram A.
Label the points on the time axis where the coil has completed 1/4 revolution and 3/4 revolution.

diagram B

[3]

[Total: 3]
7

8 A student investigates electromagnetic induction. She has a bar magnet and a coil of wire that is
connected to a sensitive ammeter.

sensitive ammeter
A

N S

coil of wire magnet

Which movement does not cause a reading on the ammeter?

A moving the coil to the right


B moving both the magnet and the coil to the left at the same speed
C moving both the magnet and the coil towards each other at the same speed
D moving the magnet to the left
[1]

[Total: 1]

Common questions

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As the magnet is moved into the coil, the magnetic flux through the coil increases, inducing an electromotive force as per Faraday's Law. This change induces a current, the magnitude of which is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux. Continuous movement into the coil sustains the change in flux and maintains current flow .

When the magnet is moved out of the coil, the pointer deflects due to the change in magnetic flux, indicating a current is induced. When the magnet is moved further away and there's no change in magnetic flux, the pointer returns to the center, showing no current flow .

Increasing the number of coils or loops in the wire or using a stronger magnet can increase the magnitude of the electromotive force generated. These changes enhance the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the wire, thus increasing the induced e.m.f. .

A simple experimental setup includes a coil of wire connected to an ammeter, and a bar magnet. By moving the magnet towards and away from the coil rapidly, a changing magnetic flux is induced, generating a measurable electromotive force and current as observed on the ammeter .

An electromotive force can be detected by connecting a coil to a sensitive ammeter. When the magnetic field around the coil changes, an e.m.f. is induced which generates a current detectable by the ammeter. The principle is based on Faraday's Law of Induction, where a change in magnetic flux through a coil induces a current .

Starting with a coil in the horizontal position, as the coil rotates, the induced e.m.f. varies sinusoidally. At 1/4 revolution, the e.m.f. reaches its peak as the coil is perpendicular to the magnetic field. At 1/2 revolution, the e.m.f. passes through zero as it returns to the horizontal position. At 3/4 revolution, it reaches a negative peak, again perpendicular but with opposite current flow. This cycle repeats, forming a sine wave .

Rotating a coil between two bar magnets changes the magnetic flux through the coil, which induces an electromotive force (e.m.f.) according to Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction. Due to the alternating nature of the rotation, the direction of this induced e.m.f. changes periodically, causing the galvanometer needle to show an alternating current .

When both the magnet and coil move at the same speed and direction, there is no relative motion between the coil and the magnet. Consequently, the magnetic flux through the coil remains constant, resulting in no induced e.m.f. or current, which is why the galvanometer needle does not register a movement .

A simple alternating current generator operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of a coil rotating within a magnetic field. As the coil rotates, it cuts through magnetic lines of force, inducing an e.m.f. due to changes in magnetic flux density. Its design ensures continuous current production by maintaining a continuous change in relative position between the coil and the magnetic field through rotation .

The galvanometer needle moves from side to side because the alternating current produced by the generator changes direction periodically. This alternating current causes periodic reversals in the magnetic field within the circuit, driving the galvanometer needle to reflect these changes .

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