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Shoe Ownership and Seat Belt Use Analysis

The document discusses a classroom survey on the number of shoe pairs owned by high school students, revealing that 52% own 10 or more pairs and the distribution is skewed to the right with no outliers. It also covers a study by the NHTSA on seat belt use across states, noting that 6 states had at least 95% compliance in 2018. The comparison of primary versus secondary enforcement states shows differing distributions and median usage rates.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
42 views2 pages

Shoe Ownership and Seat Belt Use Analysis

The document discusses a classroom survey on the number of shoe pairs owned by high school students, revealing that 52% own 10 or more pairs and the distribution is skewed to the right with no outliers. It also covers a study by the NHTSA on seat belt use across states, noting that 6 states had at least 95% compliance in 2018. The comparison of primary versus secondary enforcement states shows differing distributions and median usage rates.

Uploaded by

laurentriana26
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

How Many Pairs of Shoes Do You Own?

How many pairs of shoes do high school students own? Let’s use the students in this
classroom as a sample of all high school students.

1. Record the data for the class here.

8,6,10,15,40,5,25,35,8,7,55,10,15,24,9,10,8,22,30,8,45,7,45,11,16,7,10
2. Is “number of pairs of shoes” a categorical or quantitative variable? Why?
Cuantitative because it’s something you can count
.

3. Go to [Link]/applets (1 Quantitative Variable, Single Group) and make


a stemplot. Copy below.

4. What percent of students in the class have 10 or more pairs of shoes?


52%.
5. Describe the shape of the distribution.
Skewed to the right
6. Are there any outliers?
No

7. Try splitting the stems in two. Does that change the shape of the distribution?

No
Lesson 1.4 – Displaying Quantitative Data: Stemplots
QuickNotes

Lesson App 1.4 Who wears seat belts?

Each year, the National Highway Traffic Safety


Administration (NHTSA) conducts an observational
study of seat belt use in all 50 states. Trained
observers are placed at randomly selected locations
along roadways in each state, who then record data on
seat belt use by people in passing vehicles. The
stemplot shows the percent of observed people who
were wearing seat belts in each state during the 2018
NHTSA study.

1. Why did we split stems when making this stemplot?

So it’s easier to read.


2. In how many states was seat belt use observed to be at least 95% in 2018?

6 states

Some states enforce a seat belt violation as a


primary offense, while other states only enforce
a seat belt violation as a secondary offense.
The back-to-back stemplot shows the percent of
observed people who were wearing seat belts
in primary enforcement versus secondary
enforcement states during the 2018 NHTSA
study.

3. Compare the distributions of seat belt use in


primary and secondary enforcement states.
Primary enforcement states show a left-skewed, single-peaked
distribution, while secondary states have a symmetric, single-
peaked one. Both have potential outliers. Primary states have a
higher median seat belt use (91% and more variation (78% to
98%) compared to secondary states (86% median and 76% to
92% range).

Common questions

Powered by AI

The median seat belt use in primary enforcement states is higher at 91%, compared to 86% in secondary enforcement states. This suggests that primary enforcement, where seat belt laws are enforced as a primary offense, may be more effective at encouraging seat belt use than secondary enforcement policies.

Primary enforcement laws impact variability by promoting more consistent seat belt use, as evidenced by a broader range of percentages (from 78% to 98%) in primary enforcement states compared to secondary states. This indicates that while the median is higher in primary states, there is still a significant range of adherence levels, influenced by enforcement intensity.

The "number of pairs of shoes" is considered a quantitative variable because it can be counted and takes numerical values that can be used for arithmetic operations. Unlike categorical variables, which sort data into groups or categories, quantitative variables represent measurable quantities.

Outliers in stemplots for seat belt use data are significant because they represent states with seat belt usage far from the median. These can indicate irregularities that may warrant further investigation to understand unique policies, conditions, or cultural factors influencing seat belt use. Outliers can also affect overall statistical summaries like means and standard deviations.

Describing the shape of the distribution in a stemplot of classroom shoe ownership, such as identifying a right skew, helps discern patterns of ownership across the sample size. This indicates skewness towards higher values, suggesting that while most students own a moderate number, a few students own significantly more pairs, reflecting varied economic backgrounds or interests in fashion.

Using a classroom study to generalize about all high school students introduces potential biases due to limited sample diversity. The classroom may not represent varied demographics, socioeconomic statuses, or cultural differences present in the broader population, impacting the reliability of generalizations about overall shoe ownership trends among high school students.

Primary enforcement states exhibit a left-skewed, single-peaked distribution, suggesting a concentration of higher seat belt use percentages with potential outliers at lower values. Secondary enforcement states, however, display a symmetric, single-peaked distribution, indicating a more even spread around the median. This highlights how enforcement policies influence seat belt use patterns.

52% of high school students in the sample own ten or more pairs of shoes, indicating a trend toward higher shoe ownership among students. This may suggest cultural, fashion, or economic factors influencing students' access to multiple pairs of shoes.

Splitting the stems in a stemplot increases the resolution of the data representation, making it easier to identify patterns, such as skewness, clusters, and outliers, and reduces visual clutter by spreading the data points more evenly across the plot. This can provide a clearer view of the distribution's shape, facilitating more accurate interpretation.

Quantitative data visualization methods like stemplots enable a nuanced understanding of high school student behavior patterns by visually representing data sets to highlight trends, outliers, and distributions. This aids in identifying behavioral influences such as economic status or consumer preferences and allows for effective communication of data insights through clear, graphical summaries.

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