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Chapter

The document discusses the mechanisms of heat transfer, including conduction, convection, and radiation. It provides equations and principles related to thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients, along with examples of heat transfer in various materials. Additionally, it covers the general heat conduction equation and the concept of thermal resistance in composite walls.

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ahmdyd2019
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19 views42 pages

Chapter

The document discusses the mechanisms of heat transfer, including conduction, convection, and radiation. It provides equations and principles related to thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients, along with examples of heat transfer in various materials. Additionally, it covers the general heat conduction equation and the concept of thermal resistance in composite walls.

Uploaded by

ahmdyd2019
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
-} oss PALL) obs altt abbot Add GL) Ns OLA aw (bdo) ch tC? Heat Tronsfer _\d, Ste Heat: is the form of energy That Car be Transmitted bétiveen tare regions (sysTems) as aresult empratire difference (ST) PAP IPSS eA) thin pe, JE GN GD re pre piles SS Jo 4 9 AT oNpoMrr Aste bolls loc ot po> ————__— —— pbien Yer + ttades of heat transfor (nechanisms) — o\SaieaM ob) pad Conduction WoT Gnvectin WT __Radiatisn WoT Conduction. HoT deeb a ssich is The. Trnsfer of energy from the mepeenergetiv particles of aSubstance Te i adjacent des energetic md aresull ey ikiracte acess posts. Wo} eda abel del Sears ole oo an (aoe Ye) SUS L rte lp Coes sy sl (Med) a\3 alert pop), heel duo Ib MIE) Prnip AW (rte Ble ebe ete) dep sh pile bl Goud ATT) Bx pepe) SIR ATC yaar ABT or Qed = — kA ST poise T Qed Where Ke Thermal conduc wall materiel (Wimsc) (MPF ot eats} atha!s alee el fe seal = be Ae Aren normal te heat toaster diceation ApMEAeLE ov aooLt GQ ritied heat trapsber by coactiin Arey Hickoele Ns Jez cell It de Be AD IEW ALO Bh O Temprative grdient ( gt) NRA Linh Z| - WS Ket) Coe be ths DAb aM pI22 AA pte let lL greary soca emote adbd LY <=" re reser of itil ermal ena x= | [eed a es K Diamond | 2300 | rien | ga. bss de 04: 4ot | woot Aii(aase) | 0:02 i | Masi Paid Se Nhe ga a ont) -e10rgy transfor better aselid surface ard The aljcrt} AL eNsdiza eR etal Lgl otal ted | | see Meloy reliant rela — KGaved foe cna — facet a yethoncar fe doecton yor Meet be tb bhi aly NBL, fA Me Sesh | sist nee 1S oh py phic ttre SP o> eh L tf hes tia Fey —nir ft | Sas 7 1 Forced Gnyection wT oo Qo = bh A (TTa) Bb AICI te AS LL A sie where hs is the convection heat tanshor Coefficient (Whe) JPL od stds) Soler h Whe) ease. h Codint Case =25 | free amectin. of quis | ben2sse| forced aovachon. of Lyi | to s00 | free convection ~Uphatone) as. aresult of the Changes in Hi electanic. Bafiyur The_|. | -atlines. om molecules, ps2 tM LeinsyS Meteo oe elf ae eit sth [25ee-loocep Bailing and conde sition Forced nvecks ee as is Thi energy emitted by matter in The Fiomagnel ie ures er ob Pdee Aci Soe io) asa sttLaanialiionn et VibaMer age Qed = OATS Tae Kelvin) li Ml. 8 un pir fe steam tattzman cousteck fb We IL, che bly) seed Ppt eye | |= 5.67 107% Winkie wielded aie [Far real body seshiett Ee esas fhe ats aa abies Pedy ge |Get e(Ehemertt value) oP 28 ci hae | — stm Ae igh tS NI Ih WII ae u +Generel heat conduction equation del pMedtiey lel Dati Ten tio in_corfesisn Coordinales (4, 4,2) Ciclo Oe] fa (dradyd2) MIL send abla, cde aly eee — pte mtrain penny cniie bel _| Te ttl) bathe wit he e ee apt fa nado eB de | ia —| = T_istared beat [cei nba fama diathn in shan B70 A tle energy) | PAB rele 1 3) ils ai sey ieee = |@ Te sticed bust in Th cemact plant Catered “p Cetical a ep lt Fa Pedy de gpd et rit plum (Wd) Ve Velie of the element Voledeae es AT ti @_Wet (1th) huct abicr bol with the clment vrlime in alive dt | + fae 2endirectiin bie Soe — eget ment A, dO 2a Hild Mogi tone | eo KAGE ond Ae = dyd2 dQ, 2 Gane ee | and. —dCde= dO B(dG)de Ox —IOxcde. EG a Adele EF SG, eer ays nde ae +3 6,) 42) Tae Bf dydedT) dx pi Blew Yb ecdesl ni Baths ele oy wb (pe ctilep cat kas oo Ke Kasky ke be lh Me tlh pe taaleelifig - dF Pe Lo (ar es r | Fee zadirechn : | 6 tit AL OH@. Sabah pe yecde | Ei +3 a) RH) seagate Gy daly ae = - - SdsdsdE Gq ST [Re RE) Bet) eV = & ae te IEE WE 4G) oY De @ wipe PM Seay ols) bbl bh VER we IS Lao @ Oa been bdys | + GenemP heat conduction « equckin in eylnderiea Coorelintls (1 6,2) | po see a ALA OV Iod i b Paine al - for ei dQ.=-KA ifn = 2 oeGl CW TE op MPNEJEL® ay, d ey Qed Oryde a = 2 (Or) dr 70 ea, 7 [BE rled dt yar de, dQ =drdede. 2 (k. ee far_0-directi a — dts ~Kdrda. aT rde SQerde = Tara 3 (AG) de —[8@e=8@ onda = -8,(409 de= 3, ~D (-Kardes ); Je| oa Sr eyes all fea dived | 482 = =a Fe k ede ar | s@ada = he BG) de aaeeeeeuaesntaty | Oe = Oe Sa 2 EK vheae dear dt )te >] > ede dn Byte) ae __ > Wet heat absarhed within The element fem all direction (dG, - d@redr) +(d@e -I@oste) 4 (dae -d@esd2) = [rondo de BL. 2: (end) 4b (edt +2 e#)] -@ lee Te generstel heat fam eleven pabama | Qs dnrdedz.) © ee The stived hut in he clement yolume Qitad =m dt 5 [Link] | Qstond = cp dE a pd ded. a a) | Fem [Link] @ apehyng Lan ef ensorvstin of energy OO =4 — domdede Fendt) LB(eaT) 4 BRAT, | Awe debe = §. dewkeSt cp AT aes i Kuh cek Fa Wess, | LD (est) (oer aoe ar ar rt der oat Eg —} x 5 ez \ sls _4 19 a ee epee Tall or o @ Sep = 3 in de Je5 Mel hays 2 OL @ pee pethSL- af: Wp eh hI A 4 ae AOR gt ape te = eRe ot [Bho pice f fe b feel Mp rcyerl) Ut no vial 1 cinension STeady State heat tnduchgas ™ erent | esd (ksh). 2 Bey 0 ode | “fase Spain EE ee |_| mehe HAs _—_—__ sees l heat gener eee ila die) Ie Eas 04, Blea en =o py PBL. ate Gg = [Link] KT 2G. 20a ae and TEC gtr OE EK as wl i fan fant cadahion ie pl tall) | T [fre eratyy belicen hab ctaniler and cles Gama hansfi “T= Bh and @= kA. ATs AT y ee Bee E KA ul KA wotess dee! dae we Med so SIP EO Qa-k Aes tee Ly mee! ae ew —@ Case of plone wall with cncective bound it boundris A ve ale | Os Com: = hei) tm 0 © & = : =: a Ge ZR KA he AL ln, Ee ok NE a a te c Sea tata hea Ww ae allad LG cise o} cmpasite plane wall itl Gnsechice bosasbe - al ar oy Ike Fe = @ © “ et fluid |S Md fuaid__| (ope k ea] fhe Rit Raa Rs ky Rs \ 2 Kn | Ke | ke Tes + eM rer led 1h 4 Combin Series and parallel arrangement ef wall fajers. Ena —| sts hick B | hn = Ra+ Rac tRo ie tee Hs Booth 4 Thermal Grtact Resixtince 3vye- Ji), Sharp Let [ke pepe -- A Mjesltoe Sea (Rie es) dle! [eSB ELAR _|+ 3 (e204 herpar—l A SSamption t = 3 (Hat) =. ee = St +@® ad Too Ue ye, —@ From Soowndary Gonditon ak Yin —» Tat ot rev, T=Ts. Log. sulestitictng in jn @ (b, J WE}, phe 2 pets SIL eli aces 0 = eee i —— O30 .@ bated TWsi-Te = eter 0 dary ~ is 2 6dr Mr) a» (cy, = EE) terete = (T= + Gen. a Tis + eB (Ler ton) | cnal renstate fie eyhineislal Bel oiun Ae Af Te oT et De LS Ip SES s iF phe « ad a == L(EE a OS no a Se Sai wrL « L (Te “—_ ——} sare (TR) oF Oe a Aa vilr Ja velr R, | 7 ee |} Kg = devin Qe SO Lar ates (|S Rit Ret Re Rapes ar [haha evte Lari Latins ok TRKL Bk PeKGL Ji caiiad_raduis of wsutatin dial GF Sala | O Fr oftinder Bad elt dy ene pd Pe mals al de fe eke rot A et J Sie taro Be ei eo cael [eee P — alae | AE etre ® | Ie Jaa. O_ sleet nah Glacier Gis Hal pee UM pb daly? aint cde | Gods kA gE seein @ Ast (Wen) —Qhed.e = Tee) =| Ze _ Ae pe — ee OPez 4 kes} be |= dae -IQerdo=- 2 =k drsinedg 4T) de 2 We29) Sled 5 obi A124 Cea) 1S DE peaks (LGa -ZL Qt) + Qgen = Qstored in cbmectt volume Fart divettin pai dQ-—S@ndr = IG. - (dO = %(dejar) = 2 Ao>AH sad dG, oA gt = —K(rde. rsined)gT la do. “liga Sp LEA sino do AT Jed + (ker a Sin et | and dae =) -KA aT = erases af. oo | dee - Se Ath Whe aid el Liter oo | d@e—d@ede = Be (k sine dE) aaeTg ¢-dt =@ aia = 20, ([Link] dT) drdede Garde = Qe -(4Qp +H (8 Ade) 22, (16) ae and AQg Sere = (le dy tr $$ +sined¢——$— =| _— Ble $3 Se irdedg = dc ste gabe Jb aaiaeh Mf sak per JDL ]o 4Qp-Jepsag =- Bk dele ary Sine AG PE Oye = We valene = We (der pole pple g tele pels) of wl ete aera sauna Aco FomO,@and@ fe = The “Tatil heat absorbed within He clemeat yrlume from all divectel in atime dE will be. drdede. snerde [pe (kg rat +h J re, 40 Oye = Tye (dre rden ae wedq) de + @® eee ow We ree cot £0) Yl aa lb | ie Oma = =m-cp dT = fy(drvde. vrs I) scp AT 9) Lee ee PAeb Soll) st sanarane a iar: away Vie a Pe pag a drdedg-sin@rsdt fs bleh space al rise 2F dg ar Bol obidtl dts 2 beret x © Oeeaeeesinl Sady TE in oper Gordinales- pei rT?” Or aT a — aes EA ey ra Se ly a SSS | | an ar aren reat Sareea = Bist. Rowvi + Rit Rat Revs Hes Farge Baas Be ZR Renn 5 | teins ga aot hi-wrt UnTk im FRR he AT RE a ti oi | Qandation = = AST e KARE eA Ta + Qeonveckions AAT. wt Rainn by LQ ratiction = £0) Aug — Ree es | O—=- itnare Rayna a5 —Re eR F Aa a «Ri, | i g ot ak ral Tr hehe ee hehe baa ae = lest oe plana sett mpacbie bout — +o Spliideri wall (_Gonayective beunclria Lee Deri tall “arp Gnyectie_bewrd eg Seng allel ari vital plane wall — [Q= 8" ¢ sep- ea T [Ore sastctmntn TF | Pane Ps PO 5 Re I Rega = Raxee wae —Keyn = aes _ are et zm ee Te HH [ae | @> Op + Qintact Ls Tee Rite = Peeling fad ah aif tee oe cs idee | _ ied go Que ave et ef ecb ie | meh (Gmpesle wall) Jed | ‘pecan ieee air it St fp a alin inde a SHA peck) _ a soft meth fil he foil “uch an tin) Sham er capper = ene $ el SEY Seige ia Jog tole olegi eer Po zaaiy ate ot fee Sheet rot Modes of heet Transfer __eAp die} pz @ | 4- The inner and outer surfaces of a 5 m x 6 m brick wall of thickness 30 cm and thermal conductivity 0.69Wim.C are maintained at tomperature of 20 °C and § °C, ough the wall? | respectively. Determine the rate of heat trans Data». Plane wall Reqs Q Az Sax 6m = Som «@ ¥ Lsdx = 30cm 03m = T= 208 K = 0.69 Winic Best a Soln Qaa=-KA ST wfbees fe AT=h-T = Gad= KA Lizk [5 Qade 069 (ime) + 30 (ei) 4 (20-5) (021035 W sSSPESEsssuanseseesiepetes a ous ieeeDetaee” J > ENE “-,) "a ouauetepenenetene 2. in an experimental for determine the thermal conductivity of a given metal, a ‘specimen 2.6 cm in diameter and 15 cm long is heated to 100°C at one end and ° | cooled to 0 °C at the other end. If the cylindrical surface is completely insulated land electrical measurements show a heat flow of 3 watts. Determine the thermal ‘conductivity of the specimen material. Tretod Dae Qez3w ATaT-Ta= boot S Z Leisem Didier) = 25 cm CGD g Mets. Ksreinen Lizz Seln Qus kA Teh ee at K i Qed-L 3 ts os A (7-2) E 025% (pt)# loo 6) oe ‘window 100 em by 50 cm is made of two 4 mm thick pieces of glass sandwiching a 4 mm thick air space. Determine the conduction heat “| loss through the window for the surface temperature 50 Data A L 100 cm X 50 Cm = 1405 20.5m aly thea Hebm Tins 50% and Tite -\oc Req. Qau Boln ee ws We Knew Rat (Bee PE] Kaiv 0.026 Wmk Kg 2 oF Wink Tyg, Re Ru Tok Pew, Tavle po lols} fe K yo sis} pad Ge ab 54 MS 0 Tar @ ob dad DY Eaoatk BO ok ae ae Brough a Gnposte waa (me df Magers) TR amd A= Vin Var = S0- (+19) = 60 6 Te w» tt gin, de 9 AO a A Kir A” Ky A 6b 405 6026 0.5 OP KOS D Rip = 0.33055 Sy oo Qe = IF15IE We 4 - Determine the temperature at both internal glass-air surface in problem (3) neglect all connective heat transfer. Dita: the same data of problem) — Rey. Ter and Ty Seln JE MSE} Ds @ LAIMA w Qiy deer duets =r Steady stale Grdition for wr > Gisike same fir all plane wall Livers G) Yor Steady Sate , one dimensiondl and no heat qemeration Q =_Ta =e Rehr Rs = in le Rieke Re is p tte ) Ime 7 “Ve = 50 -20745 eoeetes Tes 48% 5A furnace wall is mado of three layer, one of fr brick, one of insulating brick ac one of red brick the loner and cuter suraces ay at 870 °C and 40°C Fespoctively the respective coefficients of thermal conductivitios ofthe layers ao, 0.12 and 0.75 wim.k and the thicknesses are 22 cm, 7.5 and 11cm . assuming close | bonding of the layer at thelr Interfaces, find the rate of heat loss per [Link] per hour and the interface temperatures. Datlir- Gmpesife plane wall @ @2o @ Tin = 87% Tah oe qo Kye = 1 Wik Ly Ea Kina b = C12 Wink v Krd.b = 095 Whik Liadbs Mom Rete-O Gis Ye) hur @ Te £3 fessor tor] Seln S ampuite wall Ge AT - -mW | Zhe ke be Le KeA RA” KA and for anily area ertops) a . Tite _ _8f0—o a ey 2. a | see ty te by O22 4 a0F5 4 oul m Fem qe egia aae Fe steady stb aT, one-chmensinal and ne heat genevthin 7=837 We T-Ts_ _ Ts-T4 a fp leg a . Ki Re Ks aie Sey Le Ae Fan @ D Te =Ti~ Jake = 870-837 + 222 656 =o Ei, 1 Tess 78 = don 8344 ll m 163 a 3 Ss Determine the unknowing quantities for cach case in accompanying table and sketch the temperature distribution. Indicating ofthe heat flux fesee. [Te = ‘diidx (kim) | q (wim? } Tw Te i a 4 3 Ey 4 4000 a] S 3000 | ex | oe ic ee Déta:. plane wall (stealy state HAT, one dun ond nz het ge) Ke 50 Whe Le o26m = 1 : oe Gat Wp le Mobo es) od Mech | ao* qek aT = K ia) + opty), (4b = 2) Case) @ 4-Qek TE. En =4ooK oe Eee (Aoe-3ev) = 20,000 Wipe Cae@ TV. ove (83) = -250 fe axe ™ be. OM Ea Wes Wo — 125002? = 37.5% Case@ iy Bcc ce gek eo, =-So K 2e0=-40000 Wit (dy. =+200 Eq, _ & (n-th) Tae - ze NT) - Is¢b + Gse@ Tr=-s2 a= Yooo What Ths Wek eth =15% Cae ese 4 ek ofl ak. quem, Gi, = KT-T) _ash- Yor ke = 30 + 30004 a8 = ASE Sor sketch the Tempratire cdestisbuhin T v oPeds lp (Case) J Volos Ee I-48 reat Gor @) olf] IG Te So ee Te = So shove n8ge = (30 “< 0 | S\yark 4), 2(X) aae-v. £ w= KE (TR) determine the loss of heat through the wall of a rotatin pan with an inner diameter dt Inner surface temperature is ‘equivalent thermal conductivity is = 0.12 wim.k. also find the heat flux. Req: Trysur = 200% 0Q@ ds S scam Teysur = 50e @4q CF Ke ol2 Wlak a). ere) = 4 # 012 (2o0 50) 4 0.151095 on Qe 25.2 W and Heat flax = Wd Poe Wher Tp & oP (= An insulz having outside diameter of 3 cm is to be covered with two layers of insulation each having a thickness of 2.5 cm . the averago thormal ‘conductivity of one material fs § times that of the other. Assuming thatthe inner land outer surface temporatures of composite insulation are fixed,,how much will transfer be reduced when the better insulating material is next to the pipe ‘outer layer ? DaTa- Assuming: kp=5 K, where material 7 GrdecteG Kis better insulator Ti pis the Surface Tempritire f te pire witha insulatins Te 15 The outside Surface Tenpratire of he msulotion Ye toon and B=hr25 = 4em Rehize25 = 65 cm and (AT= 7-13 > Reqs. an bod cases ) “spercentage redudtisn in HT When Layer f Gnductivrl (k) 1s next Te He pipe Jn $2 Cyse@ when he betr insulatine is insite — @,= Tt aes tin, Goin ON ark * aaKeé \ Where K2= 5K, \ Q, 22m Ge Eb) + Set ep Q,-2EKL(-E) @ | Gs 407793} Las wher better insulitis outside Gre e Ve= Trin hain e zw — 2wKE Ke Q,= amet Or) y aa) aoe ® Case@ = 27K be TE) a O68 IEF4 @ => Percedtage veduction = ae A + YL. Reduthin = wer — ta = 146% — 0.923% Mors) 9.9244 Percevfage veduttion a 53 70 wate. ‘ Te YD CaO AV MT LA} 2 4 Gib-DW gage af) dea] ae DAiPs a Wee tty ‘9 -find the heat transfer through the composite wall shown in fig. Per unit area. Assume one-dimensional heat flow. Where ‘Ka = 160 wink kb= 30 wink Ko = 65 wimk xg wim Ab= Ac = 0.5 m2 ‘Ras Ad's tm. —~ 7 oe ef G Ws doce “Ta= 60% B A bd |@ © Semele — 2601—oh 56H Datar amposite parelel and Series plane wall Tivsur = Moe's Teme = Coe Ren. 10 #4 R =) 3 cw FEF 2.4exlo Kk 65405 w = 3 sdele £ w ; Rese Dkthe Rat Ree +4 Wheat) es eee Rec oe Be BTR aa 7 Koc Roe x BHI x 2.46410 5. 38H10*4 2.46410 Dh: 240, p6g0le 4 1 y= AY 2 Wed do 2 = wo aoe Oe 2 117969.6 We . ZRR 2.e845 ee £8 Kw — a4 ma where, = 169#Kc & (Roc = Reyu) S = 2.8845 fo E w @Q k=0.7 wim.k) and 3.8 packed rock wool. 10- An exterior wall of a house consists of 10. m_plastar_(k =048 win.k). What thickneaaof | ft nen ft 2088 win) shouldbe eee eat transfer throught Daly. Conduction Wir Woreugh @mposie wall =o Kye ot Wim and Lye lozem < 2-48 Wink and Ly 3.0m a 0.065 Wik and Line P Tt Lan P Qy=0.25G, * 1S in = 0.25Q, i : 4 Assume Asim cae® Tw @ Ky | ky | Kae J 038, Lin Linse O48” 2085 : =0.259, ad Fer the save AT 25 Lin eked 0006S oF a 016866 = (229 y4lin 0.065 Ln (insulate Hhicknes) 4325 m 2 4-385 Cm ——Penjgiae cain i hc ot ng PaO |. 6~Steam at a temperature of 260 °C flows through a steel pipe (AIS! 1010) of 60 mm | inside diameter and 75mm outside diameter. The convection coefficient between the steam and inner surface of the pipe is 600 Wim2'C, while that betweon the outer surface of the pipe and the, surroundings is 25 wim2'C the pipe emmisiviy 1 08, and the temperature ofthe air and surroundings is 20 °C what is heat loss per unit! tength of the pipe, Take» Kp= 58 W/m.k combined Gnductin @nvectin Data Rie (Teh) Tie Ta =250% hie S00 Wim a stem (Tashi) To 20% fo = 25 Wimtt Distomn Dox Pun CE 208 Rey Oe 7 soln a fatolei 4 a (GBS EIee) saith esate hi zmrit Pree [Link] \Tav = Joo KI K= 58 Win.t bn He Same seuensterdpesttes Op i the seme Deenvjiy = Vein = Remet + Ond Qa € AL Gaetan) where} Tn — — Fur th kin pacers hy anvie E0-27rb sub in egn © wih Lf Tr (Tri od eon) Sb dee. ® RAs = LAS ry Gs Tye SS pth (Teo < Ti. < Tin) Rated pee Tre kdell e@ ‘Ot ay Y C Berle , Tee To . oe =. ne ES amet, \2-The construction of a furnace wall consists of the following layers; 7.5 cm fire Brick of thermal conductivity (k= 1.1 Wim.k) and 0.64 em mild steel plato of thermal conductivity (k = 38 wim.k). the temperature inside the furnace Is 920 k and that of ik. the heat transfer coefficient on the outside surface is (k= 68wim2.k) determine the Hoat loss per unit area and the temperature of the outside surface. If in additional, 18 bolts of 1.9 cm diameter extend through the furnace wall, find the percentage increase in heat transfor. Data, Gempesile Plane Wall ees Th = 920K Te = 300K Schwet9en Leys corm Kens tl Wink evo Lis = 0.0064 m Kee 39 Wink hoz 8 Wintk roof bolts =18 Rey. 0 922 @ Tin @ Pertenlie snerease nQ seln eased. el feat bolts 920 ~300 = 620K ima cont te dns = oe tle en a sAT . 20 ._ Wir and: for Steady sista xr 4 St Kage 7 F46S2 Wes q the same foralll layers 9 EEE FAE5.2. Wn? : = Ts= 920 — oe 409.283. K Case® with bolts Area of bolts = Fs Tacks tarp belly Anite = = E dawn IK = 0.005 m Are: a of wall wall = 1—~Abats = 0.9748965 m* ale Nie plein EM Mebgl P28 Moiody AIK EL AA Zod care tT ‘oH eet perce gies Te lagers 1275 Cos lars € Bly Aid tte : 3 | MBddp clelb on WI E29 Kyypna9 te elert mild Seed q iH Reay = nr Kat Cxe® Aeir Re, = tat Lanes _ 00075 eoo64 ooget k. Wall * Koya B” ene of ddeottig® soneasas 8 Restts = hebehns _ cotstocntt = 0.4093 K Kast Anti 39% 0.005! 2 kt, = Regu + Reuse lai rie. Regu ee Bo GIF wlan Ry llavle oul Revues Rue Re = 0.0627 % 0.4093 _ 9.059937 “Rut Rb 06 SF+0-4 093 2 Fa Ce S8S BHC CINF = OOF EK 4) =_ 920-300 S432 Go= # Toe 0:0 43532 fe Wnt + Percealage marease iw Weal Bax Q.-@, = _8432-4465.2 SSeS WIZ, @ FA6S.2 Percerttaye(’Z) mereaee 13 %e 13- Drive a relation for crea radius of insulation fora sphere, bwarols Le jtctle @ O Ge Sphere por orzch o Mert oe g Ve er pe lewd! (critic radius of insulatin) ose} Claas F ale} lines dex al te} Ser. Quax ELST JF See obo vhs Ye ae dvb Yon Bae iy? Wh Ney EE he ticed ) Leg? o® «2212 = Variable) Wis ( cera) cabad eS} te bi WF (Gite) oe) (os Yy o = (Byte oy) Hraaca} n Beer eee . 4 : GOW Kis Yor,” a ane AW Ein tk a aii eet ns Ye W ~ ke) \ 2 = ce Kins Ve. ve are 41-Derive the expression for the thermal resistance through a hollow spherical shell inside radius r, and outside radius ry having a thermal conductivity K. > fer spherical wall (general [Link]- 240) 1.2 (Rar 1 2 (sing 2 = or (FX)+ Fisne Ba "798 ; a ot ee eae hor Fisintg Le Ke et LS xsimpliftcation assumption DoH} © ene dimensional aT © steady state C without Agenerston @ xsotepic (homegenous) material we obtain RAE) He by onlgerates tuice & @and T= -24e.@ At rerj =p ToT > Daas Hr = @ we. 4 Fete me TET me Tex -G $00 © Sub © fin@ we chitin Tote ec, (4-4 *) Es poy C= a age near ®@ with q re is Te ~Si te, a ~ BR at ge, Q Te ns EUiet ee Eee ey T-th 4s og yi ate Tat TeTN+— rete) (4-) @® (bes pact Diet pores feurrer a2 Be Kifjh = AL. (oti) 2 eo Hee ae ae) ane ea Plane walt co Mele” oyhicler [ syed. cial ghz ¢ sphere 4 ae ac ol, oO Genera) Nee & Og will decreae W) er = Aildiog of insulatin wth Xzwlomn vail be effectiie Ze Qs WH Os (elfedin) DE dy plo ole Io) ee ee hiz 2300 Wit Kz 58 Wink hoe 6 Wink th = 5mm Eins = 01042 Wik Ts Ri — REA Xing Te prevent condensin peddle sth Wa Sepp 342 ; wires Sew = ac! eomupunbemuten i He BEA Tawa Ike mel hewn @ ma | ee a tc —i_— nein nin he ave.b Tie. Yams hiaewvd clroniss eh 0Sy Base yo sso) de els SH Baranh Wal of be] cide aby oc old Pe In eqn @ sob-with King © 0-042 Wiens, Weise i =0-025 m Wi = 2200 W Itic Te = 20% Ye =9.03m hoe © Winkie Vin = -20% Ks2s8 Wink Yoo? btPcde (Teo and errr) 2 Ve jes ELD BE pes) » => prevest Gudensatin Gs 7 FE : = Te cbtin Q BL (Evenel eee fee eens . ee rae pob) Steel tbe qp=s0mm Swell = 5mm 58 Wink hi = 2800 Wim? “c he = 6 whet We 2s mm ko = 3omm Solution at 4 \ chet Too = 17 T tPF 20°C Tan = FE Te = 20°C he = 6 wint'e = = Wi = 2300 Wied => fom steady Pus } Wet traafe © GC = Ot ti) ama svete = 3 (28) See fed oe ee © De ilre 4 denis | ae ar BL UT Kayo whey hexane o-oh2 5g 23ve o.02s => by trial and errer steep Ac Wye=32mm LHS > RHS Skp® tt f=3tmm LYs < QMs wet We = 34mm > Suny eb = 4mm iG Teo — Tso - 20- I+ E hex 20 ry x 21k 00th

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