Swadesh Beginning urith Rikerfnnd scollering , cellicions , between attms or bobwen, cherged particles and abet /melecnles , hae provided us enormour incights Ut the strmchare amd dynamics of many -brdy systems they have abso | prided Key information on the evolution & a bowmndchabe 4 cobtinnum ctete The problem is telakively easy t formulate, formally, bak usually inpostible to solve Wetthoik making apbnvinations. Classleally , collisions between tw particles are entirely determined by thelr Teledie. velecity” and he mack parameter’) (the ditbance a hich they would pass each other if they did not interact), Tn quantum mechanies the potlem canna be posed in terms of ¥ ap and b , because the concept of a definite path far a definite velectty ave mubually incorttert omvng bo the uncertainh flinciple. We can aly spank of the probability that an incident particle devints or seatters throug a corteth ayle, as auteselt of the allision. Such callicions ate called laste calisiors- tw which the particles remain unchanged , or if they are composite parbicles Ce-g- atrms) , Heir Internal structure remains unchanged. There can also be inclashz. edllisims — collisions in Which the partides themselves or Hair internal struchire charger as a recut of He callision, The problem of callicion of two bodies can be reduced - the problem of the scattering of a single body of reduced mass m= mme hmm) moving under the actin of a field Ulr) of a fited centre of firce (centred on the e-o-m) the sintering angle bn the centre of mats system & ts related to the angles of devistion of the two parhdles in the laboratory frome by He Yelstionship tan B= (ms sinB) / (me mcos®) 5 Be (1) /2 if mem, 8 = Oe, O48, = M2 We will work in the com fine, and take the incident parties almg 2. A free particle of deftrite mamentum WK moving along re +2 aris is descrlled vy a plane wove Y= e*2> the currant density corresponding te this te given by je zum (wv - vow) wi ae tk ik Me eT Laie am amSwadedt Ab age Astances fim Ye seatteriry centre the amplinde of the scalenit wove must fall off as Vr in order to conserve flux . thas Ye scattered particles ved described by He & spherical wave fle We can thas say that asymptotically, irvespectine. of Ye type of satering potential, the solubin, to the Schriidinger equahion with the suattering paenbiel Ulr), must have, the , x ele 4 gla) elkh [webbie anplihdes of vege fl) 2 ¥ 1% He too parte is tale careof ingoing onkgoing in fle) the probability por unit time that Ye Scattered ware will crss a snrface ace AS AAPM Is giver by Jaap AS» Sree we ave looking at chert scaltering, Jog * jay @ ond B= rane. Verseae : me a tet Be OBE 2 where Vis the scattered wlame- foe") r a se hk 2 Hence Sse th [£0 = ¥ = + ro) Thus the probability per unit time that the scattered have crosses an area ds is (v/r2) Ifle)(2 45, or (V/r2) | fle rad The vwko of the scalterily probability 42 the incident carrent density is simbly 1400) 74. the quantily f(0) has dimension of length, so (fle) muck hove Almensions of area. Hence we can define the quantity ae es | flo? as the Atferential cross-section aa for catering through angle tus the quantum medranicn protlom of determining He scattering crss— section reduces 0 Yer problem of determinmg fl) - The Shridiyer equation for Lh's prbem “is (for. paitire cneggies } = E*) “RE y+ Ul) = tke odijeck 0 boundary FE Men BE tin Cis mg) inThe general salut te this equation Is af Ye farm Vern = Z Ne () Ff, CeorB) there is not $- ges be othe Solution due ty azimuthal symmetry of the initial condition, K= K2. the radial part of the Ghutdyer eqn is Lod dR # = MU) Ro + 2m (E-vl)) R= 0 re dr dr v2 a TE Utep te sation to His eynehin for Leo is sin ke or coe kr or othr = r or OF these ony eiw(Kr) /r is Aite ak FeO and by recurrence valebion we Cam obtain cdatins for £40 Rye wt aT “ se] Sia gaa ae we LA ae r 4 BUR eRe mas Peo RE = 2 Sin (kre Ltfo) now r Te vU)#o , but Ur) +00 as r+ @, then stadt yes RT 2 sin Ue lp +8) = b feate - Wey 2r the dil difference betwen the sduhons for the tue cates U(r)=0 everywhere and UL) + © as roo leads t a phace shift in the Taddal solobion, The phase shifE hes te be determined as Teo in the presence of U(r). India. ShviAirger equation by requiring tak Ry, tematn finite This requires the solution of He exact (NO GENERAL ForMULA for §) ) thas for ge ye eee terol rh 6, (usd) & we choose Ay = Ze (eed i exp (i8,) te match He general frrm of WY (rmm) for te scattering case. (her Wr elke, 00) e°/ ) Nate that 2 = | § ee past) [oe -ikr ae] ie 4 if, t tlwre) kik §,) and. aa Lewd tee 1 Sc = y j vee) ee — ee ~£ } xt We (cost)Swarts the coeff ofS), Sakering amlhude — l€) foe 1 > 2ik oo “the serene Y,,,- 2 has no terms containing en OFF 1 aS expeckeal in the difference ¥, (an [3-1 t (ase) e ek is Where Se ef that is the difference between the subyothg and ineeming incised Wwawes has only ovtgcing Yodil wees the oN