Functions in C#
1. What is a Function?
- A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task.
- Functions in C are called methods.
2. Defining a Function
- Syntax:
returnType FunctionName(parameters)
{
// Code to execute
return value; // If applicable
}
3. Calling a Function
- Use the function name followed by parentheses:
FunctionName(arguments);
4. Return Types
- Functions can return values (e.g., int, string) or void for no return.
5. Parameters
- Functions can take inputs as parameters:
void Greet(string name)
{
[Link]($"Hello, {name}!");
}
6. Default Parameters
- Provide default values for parameters:
void Greet(string name = "Guest")
{
[Link]($"Hello, {name}!");
}
7. Function Overloading
- Define multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.
8. Recursive Functions
- A function that calls itself:
int Factorial(int n)
{
return n == 1 ? 1 : n Factorial(n - 1);
}
1. Simple Function Without Parameters
void SayHello()
{
[Link]("Hello, World!");
}
SayHello(); // Outputs: Hello, World!
2. Function with Parameters
void Greet(string name)
{
[Link]($"Hello, {name}!");
}
Greet("Alice"); // Outputs: Hello, Alice!
3. Function with Return Value
int Add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
[Link](Add(5, 3)); // Outputs: 8
4. Function Returning a String
string GetGreeting()
{
return "Welcome!";
}
[Link](GetGreeting()); // Outputs: Welcome!
5. Function with Default Parameters
void PrintMessage(string message = "Hello!")
{
[Link](message);
}
PrintMessage(); // Outputs: Hello!
PrintMessage("Hi!"); // Outputs: Hi!
6. Function to Multiply Two Numbers
int Multiply(int x, int y)
{
return x y;
}
[Link](Multiply(4, 5)); // Outputs: 20
7. Function to Find Maximum
int Max(int a, int b)
{
return a > b ? a : b;
}
[Link](Max(10, 20)); // Outputs: 20
8. Function to Check Even or Odd
bool IsEven(int num)
{
return num % 2 == 0;
}
[Link](IsEven(4)); // Outputs: True
9. Function to Calculate Square
int Square(int num)
{
return num num;
}
[Link](Square(6)); // Outputs: 36
10. Function to Print an Array
void PrintArray(int[] arr)
{
foreach (int item in arr)
{
[Link](item);
}
}
PrintArray(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 });
// Outputs: 1 2 3
11. Function to Reverse a String
string ReverseString(string str)
{
char[] charArray = [Link]();
[Link](charArray);
return new string(charArray);
}
[Link](ReverseString("C")); // Outputs: C
12. Recursive Function to Calculate Factorial
int Factorial(int n)
{
return n == 1 ? 1 : n Factorial(n - 1);
}
[Link](Factorial(5)); // Outputs: 120
13. Function to Check Prime Number
bool IsPrime(int num)
{
for (int i = 2; i < num; i++)
{
if (num % i == 0) return false;
}
return num > 1;
}
[Link](IsPrime(7)); // Outputs: True
14. Function to Calculate Area of a Circle
double CircleArea(double radius)
{
return [Link] radius radius;
}
[Link](CircleArea(5)); // Outputs: 78.5398163397448
15. Function Overloading Example
void Print(int value) => [Link](value);
void Print(string value) => [Link](value);
Print(10); // Outputs: 10
Print("Hello!"); // Outputs: Hello!
16. Function to Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit
double CelsiusToFahrenheit(double celsius)
{
return (celsius 9 / 5) + 32;
}
[Link](CelsiusToFahrenheit(0)); // Outputs: 32
17. Function to Count Words in a Sentence
int WordCount(string sentence)
{
return [Link](' ').Length;
}
[Link](WordCount("Hello C World")); // Outputs: 3
18. Function to Find Minimum in Array
int FindMin(int[] arr)
{
return [Link]();
}
[Link](FindMin(new int[] { 4, 2, 7 })); // Outputs: 2
19. Function to Sort an Array
int[] SortArray(int[] arr)
{
[Link](arr);
return arr;
}
int[] sorted = SortArray(new int[] { 3, 1, 2 });
[Link]([Link](", ", sorted)); // Outputs: 1, 2, 3
20. Function with Variable Arguments
void PrintNames(params string[] names)
{
foreach (string name in names)
{
[Link](name);
}
}
PrintNames("Alice", "Bob", "Charlie");
// Outputs: Alice Bob Charlie