REGIONAL UNIFIED QUARTERLY ASSESSMENT (RUQA)

SY 2024-2025

THIRD Quarter – Grade 8 (Science)

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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Do not write anything on this test paper. After

carefully reading all the questions, reflect on all your answers in a separate
ANSWER SHEET. Shade the circle that corresponds to your chosen answer.

For questions 1-3, refer to the figure and statements below.

Figure 1.
There are three (3) main phases of matter namely;
solid, liquid, and gas. In molecular level, each phase
varies accordingly to its molecular spacing,
movement and attraction. Figure 1 above illustrates
the said properties between molecules among the
phases of matter.
[Link]
1. Which of the following describes the particles of
the solids?
I. Particles are locked into place and are not compressible.
II. Particles have lots of free space between them and are compressible.
III. Particles flow easily and assume the shape and volume of the
container.
IV. Particles have unnoticeable space between them and are not capable of
flowing.
a. I and II b. II and III c. III and IV d. I and IV
2. Which among the phases of matter is dependent on container in order to
acquire its shape?
a. liquid b. solid c. liquid & gas d. liquid & soli
3. The spacing structure affects the movement of molecules of matter and
when there is heat transfer, molecules will move and vibrate. What is your
prediction on the movement of gas molecules?
a. Gas molecules will be stationary.
b. Gas molecules will move but almost negligible.
c. Gas molecules will move but at a very limited distance.
d. Gas molecules will move freely in space at high speed.
4. Which of the following statements best explain why solids have definite
shape and volume while gases don’t have this property?
a. Because the particles of solid are in close contact with one another and
are loosely arranged, held by a very weak molecular attraction while gas particles
are in close contact with one another and held by a weak molecular force
b. Because the particles of solid are packed tightly together, often in an
orderly arrangement and held by a strong molecular force while gas particles are
 much farther apart and are loosely arranged with negligible attraction between
each particle.
c. Because the particles of solid are in close contact with one another, the
arrangement is not rigid and held by a weak molecular force while the particles
of gas are much farther apart and are loosely arranged with negligible attraction
between each particle.
d. Because the particles of solids are packed tightly together, often in an
orderly arrangement and held by a strong molecular force while particles of gases
are in close contact with one another and the arrangement is not rigid and it is
held by a weak molecular force.
5. How does the arrangement of particles relate to the forces of attraction?
a. The closer the particles to each other, the weaker the force of attraction
between them.
b. The closer the particles to each other, the stronger the force of attraction
between them.
c. The farther the particles to each other, the weaker the force of attraction
between them.
d. Either closer or farther the particles to each other, the force of attraction
stays the same.
6. How does increasing the temperature affect the arrangement of particles
in different phases of matter?
a. Increasing the temperature causes particles to transition from solid to
liquid to gas phases.
b. Increasing the temperature causes particles to become more spread out
in solids, liquids, and gases.
c. Increasing the temperature has no effect on the arrangement of particles
in solids, liquids, and gases.
d. Increasing the temperature leads to particles becoming more tightly
packed in solids, liquids, and gases.

For questions 7-10, Refer to the Information below

The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom can be determined
from a set of simple rules. First, the number of protons in the nucleus of the
atom is equal to the atomic number (Z). Second, the number of electrons in a
neutral atom is equal to the number of protons. Third, the mass number of the
atom (M) is equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the
nucleus. Lastly, the number of neutrons is equal to the difference between the
mass number of the atom (M) and the atomic number (Z)
Isotope Element Name Atomi Mass # of # of e # of n o
charge
c No. p+
No.
B-11 Boron 5 11 5 5 6 0
N-14 Nitrogen 7 14 7 7 7 0
Ne-20 Neon 10 20 10 10 10 0
7. What does the atomic number of an atom represent?
a. Electrons only b. Neutrons c. Protons D. [Link] protons and or
electrons
8. How many neutrons are there in the element Boron?
a. 0 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7
9. How do you calculate the number of electrons in a neutral atom?
I. The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.
II. Subtract the number of protons from the number of neutrons.
III. Subtract the number of protons from the atomic mass number.
IV. Subtract the number of neutrons from the atomic mass number.
a. I only b. I and III c. I and II d. II and IV
10. Based on the table presented, which of the following describes the mass
number of an atom?
I. It is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.
II. Has the same number as of electrons.
III. It is equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
IV. It is equal to the atomic number of the atom.
a. I only b. III only c. I and III d. II and IV
11. The atomic number of an atom is 8, and its atomic mass number is
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are present in this atom?
a. Protons: 8, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 8
b. Protons: 8, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 16
c. Protons: 16, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 8
d. Protons: 8, Neutrons: 16, Electrons: 8
12. Which statement compares the masses of two subatomic particles?
a. The mass of a proton is greater than the mass of a neutron.
b. The mass of a proton is greater than the mass of an electron.
c. The mass of an electron is greater than the mass of a proton.
d. The mass of an electron is greater than the mass of a neutron.
13. Which of the following BEST explains the correlation between the
number of electrons in a neutral atom and the number of protons?
a. They are inversely proportional which means the greater the number of
electrons the lesser the number of protons.
b. They are directly proportional meaning if the number of electrons increases
the number of protons will also increase.
c. There is no correlation, they have no relationship at all meaning they are
independent of each other.
d. The number of electrons is always double the number of protons, meaning
the number of electrons is two times higher than the number of protons.
14. Which two factors are influenced by the group number of an element?
a. Reactivity and atomic mass
b. Periodicity and chemical properties
 c. Atomic radius and valence electrons
d. Ionization energy and electronegativity
15. How do atomic radius trends impact ionization energy and
electronegativity?
a. Higher atomic radius leads to lower ionization energy and higher
electronegativity.
b. Lower atomic radius leads to higher ionization energy and lower
electronegativity.
c. Atomic radius has no impact on ionization energy or electronegativity.
d. Atomic radius affects ionization energy but not electronegativity.

For questions 16-21 Refer to the Information below

The development of the periodic table could be traced back in 1817 to the work
of Johann Dobereiner, a German scientist who formed triads of elements with
similar properties like triad of calcium, barium and strontium. In 1863, John
Newlands, an English chemist proposed the Law of Octaves. He based his
classification of elements on the fact of similar properties could be noted for
every eight element when they are arranged in order of increasing atomic
masses. Around 1869 two scientists determined away to put the elements in
order. Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev both came up with the periodic table
that showed how elements should be grouped according to increasing atomic
mass. In 1914 Mosely, an English physicist arranged the element according to
increasing atomic number.
As more information was gathered about existing and newly discovered
elements, irregularities were discovered. Some newly identified elements had
properties that did not match those of the groups already included in the
periodic table. To fit into the right groups, the positions of a few elements had to
be rearranged. There were even elements that had to be placed in the table as
a new group. The table was thus revised. J.J. Thomson's discovery of electrons
and the shift to arranging elements by atomic number refined the table. Today,
16. Who formed the triads of elements?
a. Dmitri Mendeleev b. Johann Dobereiner
c. John Newlands d. Lothar Meyer
17. What is the current basis for organizing the periodic table?
a. Periodic law b. Atomic number
c. Atomic mass d. Electron configuration
18. Sequence the development of modern periodic table of elements.
I. elements are arranged according to increasing atomic number by Mosely
II. elements are arranged with similar properties based on triads by Johann
Dobereiner
III. elements are arranged with similar properties based on octaves according
to John Newlands
IV. elements are arranged according to increasing atomic number according
to Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev
 a. I, III, II, and IV b. II, I, III, and IV
c. II, III, IV, and I d. I, II, III, and IV
19. How did Mendeleev's prediction of undiscovered elements connect
with J.J. Thomson's discoveries?
a. Both were focused on electron configurations.
b. Predicted elements were based on atomic number.
c. Undiscovered elements were organized by atomic mass.
d. Thomson's discoveries confirmed Mendeleev's predictions.
20. Compare the arrangement of elements of Henry Mosely with Lothar
Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev. Which of the statements is correct?
a. Mosely arranged the elements according to increasing atomic mass
whereas Lothar Meyer and Demetri Mendeleev arranged the elements according
to increasing atomic number.
b. Mosely arranged the elements according to increasing mass whereas
Lothar Meyer and Demetri Mendeleev arranged the elements according to
increasing properties.
c. Mosely arranged the elements according to increasing atomic number
whereas Lothar Meyer and Demetri Mendeleev arranged according to increasing
properties.
d. Mosely arranged the elements according to the same properties and
increasing atomic number whereas Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev
arranged according to increasing atomic masses.
21. What does the periodicity concept of the periodic table reveal?
a. Atomic mass of elements c. Valence electrons of elements
b. Physical states of elements d. Chemical properties of elements

For questions 22-23, please refer to the periodic table below

The periodic table's periodicity concept reveals patterns in elements'
chemical behavior. Group number determines valence electrons, influencing
chemical properties. Atomic radius trends affect ionization energy and
electronegativity, varying across periods and groups. Metals (left) lose
electrons, non-metals (right) gain, impacting reactivity. Similar group
behavior aids predictions in chemical reactions. These trends guide
applications in materials, medicine, and environmental science.
22. Which of the following is a non- metal?
a. Ba b. Pb c. Fe d. Se
23. Which group contains the most element?
a. metal b. non metal c. metalloid d. semi metal
24. What does the periodicity concept of the periodic table reveal?
a. Atomic mass of elements b. Physical states of elements
c. Valence electrons of elements d. Chemical properties of elements
25. As the elements of Group 16 are considered in order from top to bottom,
the atomic radius of each successive element increases. This increase is
primarily due to an increase in
a. atomic number.
b. mass number.
c. the number of protons occupying the nucleus.
d. the number of occupied electron energy levels.
26. Which two factors are influenced by the group number of an element?
a. Reactivity and atomic mass
b. Periodicity and chemical properties
c. Atomic radius and valence electrons
d. Ionization energy and electronegativity
27. Which of the following sets is a set of all metals?
a. S, Li, C c. K, Li, Na
b. He, Be, Ne d. Ca, Cr, C

For questions 28-30, Refer to the Information below

Periodic trends are observable patterns in the properties of an element that are dependent on its
position in the Periodic Table. These trends have allowed scientists in the past to predict certain
characteristics of unknown elements Major periodic trends include: electronegativity, ionization energy,
electron affinity, atomic radius , metallic and nonmetallic character. Electronegativity is the tendency of
an atom to attract electron. Ionization energy is an energy required when an atom removes electron
from an isolated atom. Electron Affinity is the tendency of an atom to gain an electron and act as an
oxidizing agent (electron acceptor).Atomic radius is the total distance from an atom's nucleus to the
outermost orbital of electron. Metallic character is the tendency of an element to lose electrons and
form positive ions or cations while non-metallic character is the tendency of an element to accept
electrons and form negative ions or anions. The diagram below shows the trends in the periodic
table .Periodic trends is shown in figure 5 below
28. What happens to the ionization energy of the element as it moves across
the period?
a. decreases
b. increases
c. increases then decreases
d. nothing happened
29. Which periodic trends are directly related?
a. Ionization energy, electron affinity and atomic radius
b. Ionization energy, metallic property and atomic radius
c. Ionization energy, electron affinity and metallic property
d. Ionization energy, electron affinity and nonmetallic property
30. Based on the observable trends in the Periodic Table what
generalization can you make with respect to the properties of elements in
the periodic table in relation to the number of its valence electrons?
a. Atoms with smaller radius have less valence electrons and tend to
attract more thus, it requires higher ionization energy and lower
electronegativity.
b. Atoms with smaller atomic radius have more valence electron tends to
remove its electron thus require lower ionization energy and higher
electronegativity.
c. Atoms with bigger radius have more valence electrons and prefer to
accept more thus require lower ionization energy in removing its electron and
higher electronegativity.
d. Atoms with bigger radius have less valence electron and preferred to
give than attract more thus, require higher ionization energy needed in removing
its electron and lower electronegativity.
31. An element has an atomic number equal to 84 and a mass number of 210.
Which of the following will correctly describe the element in terms of the number
and type of particles present?
a. 84 protons and 84 neutrons b. 84 protons and 210 neutrons
c. 84 protons and 126 neutrons d. 84 protons and 126 electron
32. What information is necessary to determine the atomic mass of the
element chlorine?
a. the atomic mass of each artificially produced isotope of chlorine, only
b. the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine, only
c. the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring
isotope of chlorine
d. the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring and
artificially produced isotope of chlorine
33. Each diagram below represents the nucleus of a different atom. Which
diagrams represent nuclei of the same element?
a. D and E, only b. D, E, and Q c. Q and R, only d. Q, R, and E
34. Which of the group 1 elements listed below requires the greatest
amount of energy to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom?
a. Lithium b. Sodium c. Rubidium d. Potassium
35. During a flame test, ions of a specific metal are heated in the flame of
a gas burner. A characteristic color of light is emitted by these ions in the
flame when the electrons
a. gain energy as they return to lower energy levels
b. gain energy as they move to higher energy levels
c. emit energy as they return to lower energy levels
d. emit energy as they move to higher energy levels
36. Which best describes isotopes?
a. Same number of neutrons, different number of electrons
b. Same number of neutrons, different number of protons
c. Same number of protons, different number of electrons
d. Same number of protons, different number of neutrons
37. If there were five positive charges (+5) and three negative charges (–3)
in a body, what would be the overall charge of the body?
a. +3 b. –2 c. +2 d. –3
38. An atom of oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of
16. How many neutrons does it have?
a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 16
39. Determine the protons and electrons in the Calcium atom. (Atomic
number is 20)
a.20; 20 b. 20; 10 c. 40; 20 d. 20; 40
40. An atom of an element is electrically neutral because of the number of
protons is equal to the number of .
a. electrons b. neutrons c. nucleons d. nucleus
41. Which two particles would be attracted to each other?
a. protons and neutrons b. electrons and protons
c. electrons and neutrons d. All particles are attracted to each other.
42. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in the neutral atom of
Cl 35

17 ?
a. 17 protons, 15 neutrons and 17 electrons
b. 17 protons, 17 neutrons and 17 electrons
c. 17 protons, 17 neutrons and 18 electrons
d. 17 protons, 18 neutrons and 17 electrons
43. Which of the following statements CORRECTLY describes atoms, ions
and isotopes?
I. A neutral atom has an equal number of protons, neutrons and
electrons.
II. Atoms are the smallest particles of matter that retain the
characteristics of an element.
III. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with an unequal number of
neutrons in the nucleus.
 IV. Ions are atoms with unequal numbers of protons and electrons and
are formed when an atom loses or gains electrons.
a. I, II and III b. II, III and IV c. I, III and IV d. I, II, III and IV

For No. 44-46. Refer to the passage give.

Consider the lithium ion shown in the notation below. Information on

the subatomic particles may be derived from this shorthand. The
base is the element’s symbol. The left subscript denotes the atomic
number, therefore the number of protons may be known. The superscript at
the left denotes the mass number wherein the number of neutrons may be
derived. On the other hand, the superscript at the right denotes the charge
wherein the number of electrons may be determined. When there is no
superscript at the right, it means that the charge is zero (0).

44. How many protons are there in the lithium ion?

a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
45. How many neutrons are there in this lithium ion?
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
46. How many electrons are there in the lithium ion?
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
47. How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are present in Boron

a. 5, 5, 5 b. 5, 6, 5 c. 5, 5, 6 d. 5, 6, 6

For Nos. 48-50. Refer to the illustration below.

Below is a representation of Rutherford’s gold foil experiment. The paths of the
alpha particles are represented with arrows. Use the diagram to answer the
following questions.
48. According to Rutherford’s experiment, the atom is composed
largely of .
a. empty space b. alpha particles
c. a charged nucleus d. cannot be determined
49. Which term is used for the vertical columns of the periodic table?
a. group b. line c. rows d. Table
50. Elements in the same group have the same number of .
a. protons b. neutrons c. electrons d. valence electrons

Congratulations! You completed the test!