mßudK
09
;ekSï fyda bÈlsÍï i|yd we¢h hq;= bÈlsÍfï fyda ;ekSfï NdKavhg wod<
ld¾ñl ie,iqula" bvï ie,eiaula" ud¾. ie,eiaula we;=`M N+ñ ie,eiaula o b;d
úYd, kï fyda b;d l=vd kï fyda tajd iene m%udKhg we£u m%[Link] fkdjk
nj Tng ±fkkjd we;' fndfyda úg fujeks ldrKdj,g wod< j w¢k Ñ;% l=vd
lr fyda úYd, lr we£ug isÿfõ' tfia u" ienE jia;=fõ m%udKhg o ie,iqï Ñ;%
w¢k wjia:d ke;af;a o fkdfõ'
l=vd lr fyda úYd, lr w¢k ie,iqï Ñ;%j,g wod< f¾Ld mßudKhlg
wkqj we£fuka wod< jia;=fõ $ NdKavfha" bvfï fyda tjeks ´kE u fohl ienE
iajrEmh myiqfjka wjfndaO lr.; yels h' fï i|yd Ndú;d l< yels mßudK
fldaÿ ^Scale rule& yd fjk;a WmlrK we;;a" mkaa;s ldurfha oS tl u j¾.hg wh;a
tall j¾. follska ñkqï ,nd.; yels ir, mßudKhla we| ta ud¾.fhka ñkqï
,[Link] wdlrh ms<sn| j ±kqj;a ùu i|yd wjia:d ,nd .ksuq'
mßudK j¾. ;=ka wdldrhlg ±laúh yels h'
01' iïmQ¾K m%udKhg we£fï mßudK
02' l=vdlr we£fï mßudK
03' úYd, lr we£fï mßudK
01' iïmQ¾K m%udKhg we£fï mßudK
fuys § jia;=fõ ienE m%udKhg u ñkqï ,ndf.k we£u isÿ flf¾' iïmQ¾K
mßudKhg we£fï § th wkqmd;hla f,i ±laùu l<fyd;a th 1(1 f,i ±lafõ'
174 fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu i|yd h'
9'1 rEmh -- jia;=j yd tu mßudKhgu w¢k ,o Ñ;%h
02' l=vdlr we£fï mßudK
úYd, m%udKfhka jQ bÈlsÍula" hka;%hla" ;ekSula tu m%udKfhka u we£fï
lvodishla u; we£u wmyiq yd m%[Link] fkdjk ld¾hhla neúka th l=vdlr
we£u l< hq;= h' fuf,i l=vdlr we£u hïlsis mßudKhlg wkqj l< hq;=fõ'
È.ska 10000 mm la jQ bÈlsÍula mßudK lr we£ug 200 mm la i|yd 1 mm
la fhdod .kafka kï"
1 mm
l=vd lr we£fï mßudKh = fõ'
200 mm
1
tkï 200 fyda 1 ( 200 f,i ±laúh yels h' fuh wkqmd;hla f,i olajkafka
1 ( 200 f,i fõ'
l=vd l< mßudKhla Wmfhda.s lrf.k we£fï lvodishla u; we£fï ÿr
.Kkh lsÍula [Link] fidhd .ksuq'
WodyrK (-
lshùug we;s ÿr 2000 mm hhs .ksuq' fï i|yd f;dard.;a
1
mßudK Nd.h = 1: 10 tkï 10 fõ' we£fï lvodish u; we¢h hq;= Ñ;%fha 1 mm
la i|yd Ndú; l< hq;= mßudK Nd.h .Kkh lruq'
175 fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu i|yd h'
mßudK Nd.h Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr
=
jia;=fõ kshu m%udKh
1 Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr ^x kï&
=
10 2000 mm
2000mm = 10X
2000 mm
X=
10
Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr ^iïmQ¾K& = 200 mm fõ'
hï jia;=jla l=vd lr we£fï § [Link] l< hq;= mßudK [Link] cd;Hka;r
m%ñ;s ixúOdkh ^I.S.O& [Link] wkqu; lr we;' ta wkqj tajd"
1:2 1:5 1:10 1:20 1:100
1:200 1:500 1:1000 wd§ jYfhka fõ'
03' úYd, lr we£fï mßudK
hïlsis l=vd jia;=jla kshu m%udKfhka u lvodishla u; we£u l< úg tys
kshu yevrej meyeÈ,s j ±l .ekSug fkdyelsj fia u ñkqï fh§u o wmyiq fõ'
fï ksid tu jia;=j o lsishï mßudKhlg wkqj úYd, lr we£u l< hq;= fõ' fuu
úYd, l< hq;= mßudKh" mßudK Nd.h f,i o y÷kajkq ,efí'
Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr
mßudK Nd.h =
jia;=fõ kshu m%udKh
176 fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu i|yd h'
fuu iQ;%h Ndú; lr ´kE u mßudK [Link] wkqj ´kE u Ñ;%hla"
m%fCIamKhla" rEm igykla we|.; yels h'
fuu mßudK Nd.h Wmfhda.s lrf.k l=vd jia;=jlg wod< Ñ;%hla úYd,
lr lvodishla u; we¢h hq;= m%udKh fidhuq'
WodyrKh (-
lshùu i|yd we;s ÿr 2 mm f,i .ksuq' fuys mßudK Nd.h = 20 :1 fõ'
Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr
mßudK Nd.h =
jia;=fõ kshu m%udKh
20 Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr
=
1 2 mm
20 × 2 mm = Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr
'
' ' Ñ;%h u; w¢k ÿr = 40 mm fõ'
hï jia;=jla úYd, lr mßudKhg we£fï ISO § [Link] wkqu; wkqmd;
1000 : 1 500 : 1 200 : 1 100 :1
50 : 20 : 1 10 : 1 5: 1 2 : 1 fõ'
ir, mßudKhla we£u
ógr yd fikaáógr 10 fldgiaj,ska Wmßu jYfhka ógr 5 olajd lshúh
yels 1 : 50 wkqmd;hg ^mßudKhg& ir, mßudKhla w¢kak' fuys
^01&' ógr 3 fikagñgr 70 la o
^02&' ógr 2 fikaáñgr 30 la o ,l=Kq lrkak'
fuu ir, mßudKh we| n,uq'
177 fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu i|yd h'
fok ,o mßudK Nd.h wkqj m%Odk tallh ksrEmKh lrk ÿr fiùu'
1m 100 cm
= = 2 cm
50 50
fï wkqj fikaáógr 2 lska ógr 1 la ksrEmKh fõ' Wmßu È. ógr 5 ksid
mßudKh we£ug mdol lr .kakd f¾Ldfõ uq`M È. 2 cm × 5 = 10 cm ls' 10 cm
l f¾Ldjla we| th iudk fldgia mylg fnokak' túg ógrhla i`oyd .e<fmk
m%udKh ±lafõ' fikaáógr 10 cm fldgiaj,ska lshùug wjYH ksid uq,a fldgi
kej; iudk fldgia 10 lg fnokak'
ilia lr.;a fuu mßudKfhka ñkqï ,nd .kak'
A 3.70 m B
C 2.30 m D
9'2 rEmh
AB ÿr = 3 m 70 cm fõ'
CD ÿr = 2 m 30 cm fõ'
178 fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu i|yd h'