CHAPTER

22
Safety

TRUE OR FALSE 8. T Check the material safety data

sheet (MSDS) after cleaning up
Circle Tfor true, or circle Ffor false. aleak or spill or disposing of a
hazardous substance.
1. F An electrical plug not being
grounded may cause a fire. 9. T FWhen using restraints, the most
restrictive device is used.
2. J F Visitors need to be reminded
not to smoke in a room with
10. T F Apply a restraint only after
supplemental oxygen, even if the receiving instructions about its
facility has a "No Smoking" policy. proper use.

3. T F To prevent sparks, you must turn

off electrical equipment before
11. F Always follow manufacturers
instructions when using restraints.
unplugging it.
12. T Sheets, towels, or other items can
4. T F You should attempt to put outa be used to position and stabilize a
fire before sounding a fire alarm. client on the toilet.

5. T F Allfire extinguishers are effective

for any fire. MULTIPLE RESPONSE
From the list belou, choose all of the correct
F Disinfectants and cleaning answers.
solutions are hazardous substances.
13. What physical changes in some older adults
7. T F Warnings, words, pictures, and place them at risk for accidents?
symbols on hazardous substances A Stiff joints and weakened muscle groups
may be removed after opening the B. Improved balance and coordination
Container. C. Increased sensitivity to heat, smell,
taste, and touch
Diminished vision and hearing
Memory problems

121
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ght 92018Elkevier Canada, a division of
 17. Under the occupational health and safety
14. Why should you avoid calling a client by
name as amethod of identifying the client? (OH&S) legislation, what must your
Some clients may beconfused and una employer do to ensure your safety?
ware of their nanme. A Have written safety policies
Some clients who are disoriented may BTrain and educate employees abour
answer to any name.
these safety policies
C Create a health. and safety committee to
Some clients with hearing diffhculties
may not hear you correctly. identify workplace hazards:and investi-
gate accidents
15. The supportworker can prevent falls when D Respond to reports of workplace hazard
giving care by: E Warn employees about safety hazards and
correcting these hazards whenever possble
Taping cords and wires near the wall
and away from the path for walking Make sure that all necessary equipment
Using high-gloss floor wax to prevent is available and in good working order
tripping
Cleaning up water and other spills im 18. OH&S legislation states the employee's
mediately responsibilities are:
Keeping lights on low dimmers to de A Follow all safety policies and procedures
crease glare B. Use all recommended protective equip
Reporting frayed, torn, or bumpy rugs ment and clothing
C. Decide which concerns should be ad
and carpets
E Rearranging the client's furniture to a dressed to the supervisor or the health
better arrangement and safety committee
Using nonslip rubber bath mats or non D. Complete an incident report aftrer an
slip strips in bathtubs and showers accident in the specified time
Making sure that the lient's footwear
and clothing fit properly 19. Safety measures aimed at preventing burns
include:
Ensuring che client's shoes and slippers
are nonskid A. Telling clients about the dangers of wear
ing tight-fitting clothing while cooking
16. Injury prevention measures include: B Keeping clients who smoke adesignated
A. Encouraging the client to wear reading distance away from the doors of the facility
glasses when up and about Following safery guidelines and the cate
Ensuring crutches, canes, and walkers plan when applying heat and cold
have nonskid tips Testing the temperature of food by dip
Checking the client carefully and often, ping a clean spoon into the food and
especially a client wich risk factors touching the inner aspect of your lower
D Using pillows, wedge pads, or seats arm with it
to position the client as the care plan E. Testing the water in the tub, shower, or
directs basin with your hand before bathing an
E. Keeping wheelchair wheels unlocked adult or helping an adult bathe
when stationary Checking for "hot spots" in che bath
water, and mix the water well by mov
ing your hand back and forth in it
G. Relying on the client to check the tenm
perature of the bathwater before bathing
H. Allowing the client to eat or drink food
that is only warm and not hot

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 CHAPTER 22 Safety 123

20. Incident reports are used by employers and 24. Restraints may be used only:
health and safety committees to: When absolutely necessary
A ldentify recurring problems When the client is in imminent danger
B. Determine who is following health and of harming others
safety policies C, When a client is refusing to eat
CDetermine which steps were followed When a client actively threatens to
afrer the injury or incident occurred harm himself
D. Justify cost-saving measures As a last resort and after less-festrictive
measures have failed
21. What safety information should the support
worker know and use when handling 25. Which of the following statements are true
hazardous substances? in regard to restraints?
How to safely handle the product A Arestraint is any device that restricts or
The cost of the product limits movement.
C. How to safely use the product B. Support workers are responsible for de
D. How to safely freeze the product termining who should have a restraint
E First aid measures required in case of an applied.
accident or emergency Restraints can cause emotional harm
F Instructions for disposing of the prod and physical injury.
uct Unnecessary restraint is false imprison
ment.
22. Call bells: E. Restraints are used to disciplíne certain
A. Can be ignored if the client is known to clients.
call needlessly
Should always be placed within the cli 26. What alternatives to restraints can be used by
ent's reach on her strong or dominant asupport worker when giving care?
side Use diversions, such as TV or music, to
Enable the client to call for assistance calm and distract the client.
D. Can be removed from a client's bedside B. Avoid following routines and habirs
if the staff are frequently alerted since they obviously do not work.
Provide attention and companionship.
23. What information about hazardous materials D. Turn up the volume of the TV or radio
can be found on the Workplace Hazardous so the client will hear it.
Materials Information System (WHMIS) E Avoid explaining procedures and care
labél? measures to reduce confusion.
A Risk phrases that describe the health Closely supervise the client.
hazard Allow the client to wander in a safe area.
B Supplier information H. Promote uninterrupted sleep.
Hazard symbol Meet food, fluid, and elimination needs
D. Cost of the product promptly.
E. Precautionary statements that describe If ordered, help the client use padded
safety measures to take when using the hip protectors, pillows, wedge cushions,
product and posture and positioning aids,
First aid measures in case of accident or K. Follow safety precautions to prevent
emergency falls; if ordered, use Aoor cushions and
G. Reference to the material safety data roll guards.
sheet (MSDS) L. Take away call bells, as chey are a safety
hazard.

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124 CHAPTER 22 Safety

31. When a client is restrained, the support

27. How can you meet a restrained client's the client at least
worker must check
psychological needs? every
Treat the person with kindness, caring, A.
5minutes
respect, and dignity. B 15 minutes
B, Toilet the client every 6 hours. Hour
C.
Visit the person often. D. 2 hours
Offer repeated explanations and reassur
ance. statements is correct
32. Which of these
Be a good listener. regarding restraints?
28. What information should be reported to the A Certain drugs may be a formn of re
straint.
nurse when you are caring for a restrained client? Restraints may be used for staff con.
A. The type of restraint applied B.
venience.
B. The reason for the restraint C Restraints are never used to protect a
Safety measures taken, as listed in the
care plan, such as whether bed rails are client from harming himself or herself
or others.
padded or raised
D. The time the restraint was applied D. The staff determines who should be
restrained.
E. The time the restraint was removed
E The care given when the restraint was 33. Restraints that are too big or loose can
removed
increase the risk for
G. Skin colour and condition
A. Cuts
H. The pulse felt in the restrained part B. Bruises
I. Complaints of atight restraint; diffi
culty breathing; and pain, numbness, or C. Strangulation
D. Suffocation
tingling in the restrained part
34. When a client's clothing is on fire, you
MULTIPLE CHOICE should the client and cover him
or her with a Or coat to
Circle the response that correctly completes the
sentence. smother the lames.
A. Roll, blanket
29. A chemical restraint is a B. Hug, curtain
used to control behaviour or movement. C. Hug, blanket
A. Belt D. Roll, curtain
B. Jacket
C. Food 35. It is important to exercise personal safery
Medication measures at all times to avoid injury. If
visiting a client in the homne, one safety
30. Which of the following statements about precaution would be to:
restraint use is true? A. Position yourself in the corner of the room
A. Most facilities have limited policies B. Remove shoes or boots and throw them
about the use of restraints. at the client if the client is being abuse
Restraints cannot be used without prior C. Try to reason with the client or fam
informed consent given. ily member who is abusive or makin8
C. A wheelchair belt is not considered to sexual demands
be a restraint. D Be cautious in hallways, elevators, and
D. Items such as bedsheets can be used to stairwells
restrain a client.
Copyright O2018 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada,Ltd
 CHAPTER 22 Safety 125

36. Which is a good personal safety measure to 42. A client who has balance problems is:
take when driving to and from work? A. At risk for memory problems
Always use a seat belt. B. Suffering from impaired hearing
B. Never park near people; At risk of falling
choose remote,
empty areas. D. Taking medication
C. Do not take your keys out until you
at your car.
are
43. Which of the following can help to prevent
D. Never carry cash with you at any falls?
time.
A. Spills on the Hoor
37. If someone tries to force you into a vehicle, B. Scatter rugs
you should:
CA Night lights
A. Cry softly D Clutter
B Push your thumbs into the attacker's eyes
C. Avoid resisting and go into the vehicle 44. A person has a chair alarm. Which is true?
D. Crouch in a fetal position A It serves the same purpose as a night light.
38. Accident risk actors include:
B You need to respond immedíately to the
alarm.
A. Natural disasters C. Alarms are used only at night.
Impaired vision and hearing D. Alarms reduce the need to watch the
C. Suffocation client.
D. Sleeping
45. Bed rails are padded to:
39. Which of the following sets of factors putsa Prevent the person from getting caught
client at increased risk for falls? between the rails and the mattress
A Confusion, disorientation, and memory [Link] privacy for the person
problems C. Prevent the person from climbing our
B. Increased joint mobility and muscle of bed
strength D. Decrease agitation
C. Visual impairment, strange surround
ings, and improved reaction time 46. What should you do if you find that a smoke
D. Regular exercise and diet habits, proper detector does not work in a home where you
use of medications are giving care?
A. Replace the batery.
B Call the fire
40. In a facility, falls are most likely to occur: department.
A During shift changes O. Notify the nurse and the family.
B. During meal times D. This is not your responsibility; do not
C. When visitors are present get involved.
D. While care is being given 47. Ifa fire occurs, which of these steps should
be done first?
41. Which factor increases a client's risk of falling?
Awareness of surroundings A. Use a fire extinguisher to put out the fire.
B Ahistory of falls B Close all doors and windows.
C Announce "Fire" in a loud voice.
C. Well-itting footwear Move people who are in danger to a safe
D. Muscle coordination
place.

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Copyright ©
126 CHAPTER 22 Safety

51. Ifyou feel uncomfortable or threatened1in a

48. Suffocation can occur because: first:
A Aperson chokes on a piece of food home setting, you should
Speakto the person who is
B.
C.
A person is given a tub bath
Restraints are applied correctly
A.
you
chreatening
Go to asafe place immediately and call
D. Dentures fit properly
your supervisor
49. When an accident or error occurs, it is
C. Resign from your job
Correct to: D. Call a co-worker to come to the home
A Report the accident or error immedi to assist you
ately to your supervisor
B. Report the incident only if a client is 52. Which of the following would be a threat to
injured your safety in home care?
C. Call che family immediately A. Denial of meal brealks, drinking water,
D. Call the doctor or ambulance or bathroom use
B. Inadequate heat or ventilation
50. If your car breaks down, a good safety C. Being subject to name-calling or ob
practice would be to: scene language
Stay in the car and call police if you D., All of the above
have a cellphone
B. Ask for a ride to a police station if
someone stops to help
C. Walk to the nearest place where you can
get help
D. Get out of the car and try to flag down
a ride for help

MATCHING
Match the description or example with the correct restraint.
53. A drug is given that is not required to treat the client's A. Chemical
medical symptoms. restraint

54. An attached tray keeps the client from getting up. B. Mitt restraint
55. 7 Hands are covered to prevent the client from removing the dressing. C. Geriatric chair
Match the safety measure used with the correct risk factor.
56. Measure the temperature of bath water. A. Burns
57. Keep the client's room free of clutter. B. Suffocation
58. Open doos and windows if you notice gas odours. C. Falls
59. D Store cleaners, medicines, and hazardous substances in the oricinal
containers. D. Poisoning

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 CHAPTER 22 Safety 127

Match the safety measure used with the correct risk factor.
60. Do not allow smoking in bed. A. Burns

61. Do not prop up a baby bottle with a rolled-up B. Suffocation

towel or blanket.
C. Falls
62. Use nonslip strips on the floor next to the bed
and in thebathroom.
Match the accident risk factor with the possible outcome or injury.
63. OCan harm herself or others because she cannot understand A. Impaired awareness of
what is happening surroundings
64. B May take wrong medication or dosage or poison himself B. Impaired vision
because cannot read labels
C. Impaired hearing
65. Has problems smelling smoke or gas, so is unaware of hre D. Altered sense of
smell or touch
66. Cannot hear fire alarms or sirens, so cannot move to safety
E. Paralysis
67. Has not learned the difference between safety and danger,
so is unaware of hazardous situations F. Developmental
stage or age
68. May be aware of danger but is unable to move to safety
Match the accident risk factor with the possible outcome or injury.
69. Injury resulting from being unaware that certain people, A. Impaired awareness of
places, or things may be safety hazards surroundings
70. Movements slower and less steady; balance affected B. Impaired vision
71. Can trip on toys, rugs, furniture, electrical cords C. Impaired hearing
D. Altered sense of touch
72. Easily burned because of problems sensing heat and cold
Cannot hear explanation or instructions, so may take E. Paralysis
73.
wrong medication or dosage E. Medications

74. May develop pressure sores from lack of movement G. Developmental stage or
age
75. Unaware that mixing these without proper guidance can
cause illness or death

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 128 CHAPTER 22 Safety

FILL IN THE BLANKS

workplace?
76. Where would you find informarion abour a bazardous substance found in the

77. What are some behaviours that would allow for the use of restraints?

78. If the support worker applies a restraint unnecessarily, he or she could face

79. The client or substitute decision maker must give for the use of
restraints. The support worker (can or cannot) provide the information about
restraints and obtain the signed consent.

80. When a person is restrained, the support worker must make sure basic needs are met by doing the
following:
a. The person must be checked at least
b. Meet the person's needs for
and

81. Several staff members may be needed to apply restraints because

82. Why can confusion increase when a person is restrained?

or

83. When applying restraints, the person should be positioned in and

any bony areas and skin should be to prevent
and

84. Restraints that are too small cause

or

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 CHAPTER 22 Safety 129

85. What personal safety measures can you take to reduce your risk for assaults?
a.

86. How can you use your car keys as a weapon?

87. How can you use your body as a weapon if you are attacked?

b
C

LABELLING

88. What are two safety problems with the plug in the figure?

a.

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